{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4292544162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00823-5","title":"An integrated fuzzy credit rating model using fuzzy-BWM and new fuzzy-TOPSIS-Sort-C","display_name":"An integrated fuzzy credit rating model using fuzzy-BWM and new fuzzy-TOPSIS-Sort-C","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4292544162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00823-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-022-00823-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00823-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-022-00823-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-022-00823-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026273882","display_name":"Pranith Kumar Roy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0929-7563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189109744","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad","ror":"https://ror.org/013v3cc28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189109744"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pranith K. Roy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189109744"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011923939","display_name":"Krishnendu Shaw","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189109744","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad","ror":"https://ror.org/013v3cc28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189109744"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krishnendu Shaw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189109744"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026273882"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189109744"],"apc_list":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"apc_paid":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"fwci":5.8551,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96218712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"3581","last_page":"3600"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11653","display_name":"Financial Distress and Bankruptcy Prediction","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11653","display_name":"Financial Distress and Bankruptcy Prediction","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9607999920845032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11496","display_name":"Credit Risk and Financial Regulations","score":0.932699978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topsis","display_name":"TOPSIS","score":0.7784898281097412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.6620180606842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sort","display_name":"sort","score":0.5615935921669006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5262938141822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorting","display_name":"Sorting","score":0.5203759074211121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5068789124488831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-criteria-decision-analysis","display_name":"Multiple-criteria decision analysis","score":0.47454485297203064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credit-rating","display_name":"Credit rating","score":0.46169695258140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-number","display_name":"Fuzzy number","score":0.4586924910545349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set-operations","display_name":"Fuzzy set operations","score":0.4275631308555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.41871362924575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideal-solution","display_name":"Ideal solution","score":0.4109938144683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39022165536880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3518185019493103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set","display_name":"Fuzzy set","score":0.3364609181880951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.33235612511634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29487842321395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.28889715671539307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuarial-science","display_name":"Actuarial science","score":0.2638701796531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.22713500261306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.19680646061897278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.10569107532501221}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51566761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1235853","display_name":"TOPSIS","level":2,"score":0.7784898281097412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.6620180606842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88548561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q347599","display_name":"sort","level":2,"score":0.5615935921669006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5262938141822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.5203759074211121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5068789124488831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11105738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1895805","display_name":"Multiple-criteria decision analysis","level":2,"score":0.47454485297203064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205208723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372765","display_name":"Credit rating","level":2,"score":0.46169695258140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1883856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3407463","display_name":"Fuzzy number","level":4,"score":0.4586924910545349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148671577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511133","display_name":"Fuzzy set operations","level":4,"score":0.4275631308555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.41871362924575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89591040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779030","display_name":"Ideal solution","level":2,"score":0.4109938144683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39022165536880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3518185019493103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.3364609181880951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.33235612511634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29487842321395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.28889715671539307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.2638701796531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.22713500261306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.19680646061897278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.10569107532501221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-022-00823-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00823-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-022-00823-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1b41fcea19704733abd2cfdaf287c77b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1b41fcea19704733abd2cfdaf287c77b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems, Vol 9, Iss 4, Pp 3581-3600 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-022-00823-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00823-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-022-00823-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292544162.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292544162.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1560820185","https://openalex.org/W1963593953","https://openalex.org/W1964571646","https://openalex.org/W1969434253","https://openalex.org/W1970393296","https://openalex.org/W1974903261","https://openalex.org/W1975802371","https://openalex.org/W1996070962","https://openalex.org/W2004076523","https://openalex.org/W2006100869","https://openalex.org/W2013413140","https://openalex.org/W2016207894","https://openalex.org/W2026484902","https://openalex.org/W2033401964","https://openalex.org/W2038599037","https://openalex.org/W2042236657","https://openalex.org/W2044457642","https://openalex.org/W2049457286","https://openalex.org/W2056221673","https://openalex.org/W2059536960","https://openalex.org/W2071327654","https://openalex.org/W2073109200","https://openalex.org/W2085422494","https://openalex.org/W2085831731","https://openalex.org/W2095036150","https://openalex.org/W2107954682","https://openalex.org/W2117586645","https://openalex.org/W2147228094","https://openalex.org/W2343327420","https://openalex.org/W2461391084","https://openalex.org/W2525018552","https://openalex.org/W2568081791","https://openalex.org/W2597109886","https://openalex.org/W2606141730","https://openalex.org/W2606916050","https://openalex.org/W2626992987","https://openalex.org/W2762207369","https://openalex.org/W2762659758","https://openalex.org/W2783956368","https://openalex.org/W2790843050","https://openalex.org/W2793185241","https://openalex.org/W2801811408","https://openalex.org/W2803062135","https://openalex.org/W2805274166","https://openalex.org/W2805540443","https://openalex.org/W2895645228","https://openalex.org/W2937602208","https://openalex.org/W2945156058","https://openalex.org/W2945891153","https://openalex.org/W2961415867","https://openalex.org/W2981974003","https://openalex.org/W2982826385","https://openalex.org/W2989272471","https://openalex.org/W3003184239","https://openalex.org/W3011050983","https://openalex.org/W3028194169","https://openalex.org/W3081743379","https://openalex.org/W3091237525","https://openalex.org/W3097577815","https://openalex.org/W3120943764","https://openalex.org/W3123786348","https://openalex.org/W3125662961","https://openalex.org/W3125916679","https://openalex.org/W3126032681","https://openalex.org/W3173552798","https://openalex.org/W3184130586","https://openalex.org/W3194328725","https://openalex.org/W4210972890","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4212801147","https://openalex.org/W4213051661","https://openalex.org/W4240937689","https://openalex.org/W4252866286"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2293394021","https://openalex.org/W2347675019","https://openalex.org/W2367947563","https://openalex.org/W2890644467","https://openalex.org/W2612149696","https://openalex.org/W4387430003","https://openalex.org/W1990029659","https://openalex.org/W3135485754","https://openalex.org/W3154161952","https://openalex.org/W2778781604"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Financial":[1],"institutions":[2,225],"use":[3],"credit":[4,48,61],"rating":[5,16,49,62],"models":[6,17],"to":[7,51,64,76,94,98,121,133,162,185,218,226],"make":[8],"lending,":[9],"investing,":[10],"and":[11,26,35,85,113,201,215],"risk":[12],"management":[13],"decisions.":[14],"Credit":[15],"have":[18],"been":[19,143,179],"developed":[20],"using":[21],"a":[22,122,139,182],"variety":[23],"of":[24,80,90,146,170,213],"statistical":[25],"machine":[27],"learning":[28],"methods.":[29],"These":[30],"methods,":[31,112],"however,":[32],"are":[33,196],"data-intensive":[34],"dependent":[36],"on":[37,166],"assumptions":[38],"about":[39],"data":[40],"distribution.":[41],"This":[42,55],"research":[43],"offers":[44],"an":[45,58],"integrated":[46,59],"fuzzy":[47,60,72,86,123,131],"model":[50,63,194,206],"address":[52],"such":[53,66],"issues.":[54],"study":[56,69,126,184],"proposes":[57],"reduce":[65],"problems.":[67],"The":[68,102,125,157,174,192,205],"applies":[70,127],"the":[71,78,100,154,167,171],"best\u2013worst":[73],"method":[74,159],"(fuzzy-BWM)":[75],"obtain":[77],"weight":[79],"criteria":[81],"that":[82,151],"affect":[83],"creditworthiness":[84],"technique":[87],"for":[88,230],"order":[89],"preference":[91],"by":[92],"similarity":[93],"ideal":[95],"solution":[96],"(fuzzy-TOPSIS)-Sort-C":[97],"evaluate":[99,163],"borrowers.":[101],"BWM":[103,118],"was":[104],"found":[105,144],"consistent":[106],"amongst":[107],"existing":[108],"multi-criteria":[109],"decision-making":[110],"(MCDM)":[111],"consistency":[114],"further":[115],"improves":[116],"when":[117],"is":[119,160],"extended":[120],"version.":[124],"TOPSIS-Sorting":[128],"along":[129],"with":[130,181,189,198],"theory":[132],"overcome":[134],"human":[135],"uncertainty":[136],"while":[137],"making":[138],"decision.":[140],"TOPSIS-sorting":[141],"has":[142,178],"capable":[145],"handling":[147],"rank":[148],"reversal":[149],"problems":[150],"persist":[152],"in":[153,211],"TOPSIS":[155],"method.":[156],"fuzzy-TOPSIS-Sort-C":[158],"applied":[161],"borrowers":[164,229],"based":[165],"characteristic":[168],"profile":[169],"identified":[172],"criteria.":[173],"proposed":[175,193],"model's":[176],"efficacy":[177],"illustrated":[180],"case":[183],"rate":[186],"fifty":[187],"firms":[188],"real-life":[190],"data.":[191],"results":[195,207],"compared":[197],"previous":[199],"studies":[200],"commercially":[202],"available":[203],"ratings.":[204],"show":[208],"better":[209],"accuracy":[210,214],"terms":[212],"true-positive":[216],"rates":[217],"predict":[219],"default.":[220],"It":[221],"can":[222],"help":[223],"financial":[224],"find":[227],"potential":[228],"granting":[231],"credit.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}