{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225317531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00726-5","title":"New bag-of-feature for histopathology image classification using reinforced cat swarm algorithm and weighted Gaussian mixture modelling","display_name":"New bag-of-feature for histopathology image classification using reinforced cat swarm algorithm and weighted Gaussian mixture modelling","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225317531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00726-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-022-00726-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00726-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-022-00726-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-022-00726-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035741023","display_name":"Surbhi Vijh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7038-5944"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191972202","display_name":"Amity University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n9z0v62","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Surbhi Vijh","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASET, Amity University, Noida, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7038-5944","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASET, Amity University, Noida, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031673550","display_name":"Sumit Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-8412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191972202","display_name":"Amity University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n9z0v62","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumit Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASET, Amity University, Noida, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASET, Amity University, Noida, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015706894","display_name":"Mukesh Saraswat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3427-9105"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154970844","display_name":"Jaypee Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05sttyy11","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154970844"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mukesh Saraswat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154970844"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035741023"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"],"apc_list":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"apc_paid":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"fwci":1.526,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85081464,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"6","first_page":"5027","last_page":"5046"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13567","display_name":"AI and Multimedia in Education","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7243583798408508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-intelligence","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","score":0.6377508640289307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6348015666007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6267209053039551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5681095123291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.5519624352455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5324001908302307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.5072757601737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.48652997612953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.4821717143058777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.43482452630996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42761003971099854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-intelligence","display_name":"Computational intelligence","score":0.42196279764175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.4115752577781677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.30087295174598694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7243583798408508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119487961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863960","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","level":3,"score":0.6377508640289307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6348015666007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6267209053039551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5681095123291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.5519624352455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5324001908302307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.5072757601737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.48652997612953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.4821717143058777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.43482452630996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42761003971099854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139502532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122090","display_name":"Computational intelligence","level":2,"score":0.42196279764175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.4115752577781677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.30087295174598694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-022-00726-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00726-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-022-00726-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-022-00726-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00726-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-022-00726-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225317531.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225317531.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W134688180","https://openalex.org/W275503268","https://openalex.org/W1516417927","https://openalex.org/W1554191429","https://openalex.org/W1786686177","https://openalex.org/W1835905048","https://openalex.org/W1974330875","https://openalex.org/W2027922120","https://openalex.org/W2037696125","https://openalex.org/W2060766886","https://openalex.org/W2061880140","https://openalex.org/W2103243046","https://openalex.org/W2116364670","https://openalex.org/W2123096872","https://openalex.org/W2141250124","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2221693574","https://openalex.org/W2344480160","https://openalex.org/W2408288218","https://openalex.org/W2460401654","https://openalex.org/W2528103328","https://openalex.org/W2549267210","https://openalex.org/W2564781419","https://openalex.org/W2588076546","https://openalex.org/W2594501027","https://openalex.org/W2615195201","https://openalex.org/W2618587140","https://openalex.org/W2726178545","https://openalex.org/W2730059884","https://openalex.org/W2751723768","https://openalex.org/W2767082884","https://openalex.org/W2790510783","https://openalex.org/W2795013683","https://openalex.org/W2799898965","https://openalex.org/W2895626373","https://openalex.org/W2898883410","https://openalex.org/W2901083652","https://openalex.org/W2938201704","https://openalex.org/W2946896694","https://openalex.org/W2998808766","https://openalex.org/W3000428525","https://openalex.org/W3003752967","https://openalex.org/W3004013122","https://openalex.org/W3007689421","https://openalex.org/W3021751442","https://openalex.org/W3046700079","https://openalex.org/W3080562335","https://openalex.org/W3086548118","https://openalex.org/W3087604859","https://openalex.org/W3100003598","https://openalex.org/W3115926713","https://openalex.org/W3127048703","https://openalex.org/W3127082588","https://openalex.org/W3134114476","https://openalex.org/W3166202309","https://openalex.org/W4250995073"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308079021","https://openalex.org/W1527337688","https://openalex.org/W2399799070","https://openalex.org/W2048054807","https://openalex.org/W2746377055","https://openalex.org/W4386001959","https://openalex.org/W2594296178","https://openalex.org/W4304182880","https://openalex.org/W3089846858","https://openalex.org/W2159541481"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,40,112,146],"progress":[2],"in":[3,12,22],"digital":[4],"histopathology":[5],"for":[6],"computer-aided":[7],"diagnosis":[8],"leads":[9],"to":[10],"advancement":[11],"automated":[13],"histopathological":[14,124],"image":[15],"classification":[16,114],"system.":[17],"However,":[18],"heterogeneity":[19],"and":[20,35,89,104,118,159],"complexity":[21],"structural":[23],"background":[24],"make":[25],"it":[26],"a":[27],"challenging":[28],"process.":[29],"Therefore,":[30],"this":[31],"paper":[32],"introduces":[33],"robust":[34],"reliable":[36],"new":[37,68],"bag-of-feature":[38,138,154],"framework.":[39],"optimal":[41],"visual":[42,61],"words":[43,62],"are":[44],"obtained":[45],"by":[46],"applying":[47],"proposed":[48,113,133],"reinforcement":[49,134,150],"cat":[50,75,135,151],"swarm":[51,76,136,152],"optimization":[52,77],"algorithm.":[53],"Moreover,":[54,95],"the":[55,82,105,120,127,156],"frequency":[56],"of":[57,59,123,132],"occurrence":[58],"each":[60],"is":[63,79,99,139],"depicted":[64],"through":[65],"histogram":[66],"using":[67],"weighted":[69],"Gaussian":[70],"mixture":[71],"modelling":[72],"method.":[73],"Reinforcement":[74],"algorithm":[78],"evaluated":[80],"on":[81,101,141],"IEEE":[83],"CEC":[84],"2017":[85],"benchmark":[86,110],"function":[87],"problems":[88],"compared":[90],"with":[91],"other":[92,157],"state-of-the-art":[93],"algorithms.":[94],"statistical":[96],"test":[97],"analysis":[98,131],"done":[100],"acquired":[102],"mean":[103],"best":[106],"fitness":[107],"values":[108],"from":[109],"functions.":[111],"model":[115],"effectively":[116],"identifies":[117],"classifies":[119],"different":[121],"categories":[122],"images.":[125],"Furthermore,":[126],"comparative":[128],"experimental":[129],"result":[130],"optimization-based":[137,153],"performed":[140],"standard":[142],"quality":[143],"metrics":[144],"measures.":[145],"observation":[147],"states":[148],"that":[149],"outperforms":[155],"methods":[158],"provides":[160],"promising":[161],"results.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}