{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3170913619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00401-1","title":"A hybrid ant colony algorithm based on multiple strategies for the vehicle routing problem with time windows","display_name":"A hybrid ant colony algorithm based on multiple strategies for the vehicle routing problem with time windows","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3170913619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00401-1","mag":"3170913619"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-021-00401-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00401-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-021-00401-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-021-00401-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000306462","display_name":"Hongguang Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongguang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ningxia Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information and Data Processing, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China","School of Mathematics and Information Science, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ningxia Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information and Data Processing, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Information Science, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062392764","display_name":"Yuelin Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2021-2097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuelin Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ningxia Province Cooperative Innovation Center of Scientific Computing and Intelligent in Formation Processing, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China","School of Mathematics and Information Science, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ningxia Province Cooperative Innovation Center of Scientific Computing and Intelligent in Formation Processing, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Information Science, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046719508","display_name":"Wanting Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4346-538X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanting Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ningxia Province Cooperative Innovation Center of Scientific Computing and Intelligent in Formation Processing, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China","Ningxia Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information and Data Processing, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ningxia Province Cooperative Innovation Center of Scientific Computing and Intelligent in Formation Processing, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ningxia Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information and Data Processing, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100706046","display_name":"Ziyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5120-9929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ningxia Province Cooperative Innovation Center of Scientific Computing and Intelligent in Formation Processing, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China","Ningxia Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information and Data Processing, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ningxia Province Cooperative Innovation Center of Scientific Computing and Intelligent in Formation Processing, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ningxia Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information and Data Processing, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000306462"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"],"apc_list":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"apc_paid":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"fwci":3.927,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93943695,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":"2491","last_page":"2508"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9728999733924866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ant-colony-optimization-algorithms","display_name":"Ant colony optimization algorithms","score":0.8566666841506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.749724268913269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5939308404922485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ant-colony","display_name":"Ant colony","score":0.5545783638954163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5212188959121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-intelligence","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","score":0.5141344666481018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-intelligence","display_name":"Computational intelligence","score":0.49681785702705383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4703771471977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutation","display_name":"Mutation","score":0.45418205857276917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.448491632938385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42510104179382324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-algorithm","display_name":"Hybrid algorithm (constraint satisfaction)","score":0.4114992618560791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2521611750125885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19807982444763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.1605936884880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15015777945518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-satisfaction","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction","score":0.12090978026390076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.06495353579521179}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40128228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q460851","display_name":"Ant colony optimization algorithms","level":2,"score":0.8566666841506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.749724268913269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5939308404922485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60891933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796575","display_name":"Ant colony","level":3,"score":0.5545783638954163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5212188959121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119487961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863960","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","level":3,"score":0.5141344666481018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139502532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122090","display_name":"Computational intelligence","level":2,"score":0.49681785702705383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4703771471977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501734568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42918","display_name":"Mutation","level":3,"score":0.45418205857276917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.448491632938385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42510104179382324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62469222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092103","display_name":"Hybrid algorithm (constraint satisfaction)","level":5,"score":0.4114992618560791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2521611750125885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19807982444763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.1605936884880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15015777945518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44616089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30158686","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction","level":3,"score":0.12090978026390076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.06495353579521179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176783269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164378","display_name":"Constraint logic programming","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-021-00401-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00401-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-021-00401-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5be8c849c6194f3b836eb3ca0df82bd5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5be8c849c6194f3b836eb3ca0df82bd5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems, Vol 9, Iss 3, Pp 2491-2508 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-021-00401-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00401-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-021-00401-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1760946738","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11961001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327619","funder_display_name":"North Minzu University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2581736893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NXYLXK2017B09","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327619","funder_display_name":"North Minzu University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G385103938","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NXYLXK2017B09","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4622408492","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61561001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5169721444","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201901","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6165559403","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZDZX201901","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7951436902","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11961001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8284345207","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZDZX201901","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327619","funder_display_name":"North Minzu University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8955107213","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Major","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327619","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3170913619.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3170913619.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W226910681","https://openalex.org/W1492640216","https://openalex.org/W1640036710","https://openalex.org/W1853087932","https://openalex.org/W1965840388","https://openalex.org/W1966197373","https://openalex.org/W1970526056","https://openalex.org/W1978111418","https://openalex.org/W1980683384","https://openalex.org/W1999406036","https://openalex.org/W2003337479","https://openalex.org/W2008421106","https://openalex.org/W2014412090","https://openalex.org/W2025612074","https://openalex.org/W2040140158","https://openalex.org/W2053871929","https://openalex.org/W2070637511","https://openalex.org/W2073798563","https://openalex.org/W2097685766","https://openalex.org/W2107941094","https://openalex.org/W2118573797","https://openalex.org/W2146987494","https://openalex.org/W2151758915","https://openalex.org/W2155293443","https://openalex.org/W2297395784","https://openalex.org/W2533731324","https://openalex.org/W2766326994","https://openalex.org/W2791918579","https://openalex.org/W2898328298","https://openalex.org/W2924220803","https://openalex.org/W2925063426","https://openalex.org/W2926808050","https://openalex.org/W2996726117","https://openalex.org/W3010792765","https://openalex.org/W3012072741","https://openalex.org/W3024607681","https://openalex.org/W3027210649","https://openalex.org/W3035343389","https://openalex.org/W3038748417","https://openalex.org/W3121108808","https://openalex.org/W3127876841","https://openalex.org/W3132226009","https://openalex.org/W3132572198","https://openalex.org/W3133139416","https://openalex.org/W3146338719","https://openalex.org/W4232044272"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3011762580","https://openalex.org/W2979607460","https://openalex.org/W2391112633","https://openalex.org/W3038748417","https://openalex.org/W2104257932","https://openalex.org/W2394153495","https://openalex.org/W2021436470","https://openalex.org/W2101672241","https://openalex.org/W2388217074","https://openalex.org/W173201947"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1,14],"this":[2,15,37],"paper,":[3],"we":[4,17],"propose":[5],"a":[6,19,31,39,69],"vehicle":[7,116,130],"routing":[8,117,131],"problem":[9,114,132],"with":[10,68,118],"time":[11,21,33,119],"windows":[12],"(TWVRP).":[13],"problem,":[16,38],"consider":[18],"hard":[20],"constraint":[22],"that":[23,106,137],"the":[24,62,72,75,81,86,97,100,113,122,134],"fleet":[25],"can":[26],"only":[27],"serve":[28],"customers":[29],"within":[30],"specific":[32],"window.":[34],"To":[35],"solve":[36],"hybrid":[40],"ant":[41,49],"colony":[42,50],"(HACO)":[43],"algorithm":[44,51,57,108,124],"is":[45,64,74,83,93,109,139],"proposed":[46,58,101,123],"based":[47],"on":[48],"and":[52,80,133,141],"mutation":[53,87],"operation.":[54,88],"The":[55],"HACO":[56,107],"has":[59,126],"three":[60],"innovations:":[61],"first":[63],"to":[65,84,95],"update":[66],"pheromones":[67],"new":[70],"method;":[71],"second":[73],"introduction":[76],"of":[77,99,115],"adaptive":[78],"parameters;":[79],"third":[82],"add":[85],"A":[89],"famous":[90],"Solomon":[91],"instance":[92],"used":[94],"evaluate":[96],"performance":[98],"algorithm.":[102],"Experimental":[103],"results":[104,135],"show":[105,136],"effective":[110,142],"against":[111],"solving":[112],"windows.":[120],"Besides,":[121],"also":[125],"practical":[127,144],"implications":[128],"for":[129],"it":[138],"applicable":[140],"in":[143],"problems.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
