{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3131397694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00293-1","title":"Data-driven optimization for last-mile delivery","display_name":"Data-driven optimization for last-mile delivery","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3131397694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00293-1","mag":"3131397694"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-021-00293-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00293-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-021-00293-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-021-00293-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043908209","display_name":"Hongrui Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0562-1124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90259746","display_name":"Capital University of Economics and Business","ror":"https://ror.org/01r5sf951","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90259746"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongrui Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management and Engineering, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, 100070, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management and Engineering, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, 100070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90259746"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051326190","display_name":"Wensi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-1024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wensi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026481848","display_name":"Pengfei Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5936-1248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90259746","display_name":"Capital University of Economics and Business","ror":"https://ror.org/01r5sf951","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90259746"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management and Engineering, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, 100070, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management and Engineering, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, 100070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90259746"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112611808","display_name":"Yahong Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176432857","display_name":"Beijing Wuzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00bd1d647","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176432857"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yahong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Intelligent Logistics System Collaborative Innovation Center, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing, 101149, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Intelligent Logistics System Collaborative Innovation Center, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing, 101149, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176432857"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043908209"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90259746"],"apc_list":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"apc_paid":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"fwci":6.3437,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96735866,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":"2271","last_page":"2284"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12306","display_name":"Urban and Freight Transport Logistics","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7264930605888367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.6255385875701904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5298566222190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5052929520606995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-intelligence","display_name":"Computational intelligence","score":0.4601195156574249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.4109991192817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3738834261894226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.35703974962234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3339216113090515}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7264930605888367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.6255385875701904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5298566222190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5052929520606995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139502532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122090","display_name":"Computational intelligence","level":2,"score":0.4601195156574249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.4109991192817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3738834261894226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35703974962234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3339216113090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-021-00293-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00293-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-021-00293-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7758e6be147e4e31a8f51f48d7814a2e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7758e6be147e4e31a8f51f48d7814a2e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems, Vol 9, Iss 3, Pp 2271-2284 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-021-00293-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00293-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-021-00293-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1278944443","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BILSCIEC-2019KF-17","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336562","funder_display_name":"Beijing Intelligent Logistics System Collaborative Innovation Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G655865223","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18YJCZH247","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8667751768","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18YJCZH247","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335982","funder_display_name":"Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335982","display_name":"Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336562","display_name":"Beijing Intelligent Logistics System Collaborative Innovation Center","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3131397694.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3131397694.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541527977","https://openalex.org/W1542523037","https://openalex.org/W1965032790","https://openalex.org/W1968355947","https://openalex.org/W1970715343","https://openalex.org/W1971739135","https://openalex.org/W1983916623","https://openalex.org/W1992208280","https://openalex.org/W2003071307","https://openalex.org/W2010334716","https://openalex.org/W2012355441","https://openalex.org/W2017070898","https://openalex.org/W2020789581","https://openalex.org/W2024817131","https://openalex.org/W2031467187","https://openalex.org/W2054747815","https://openalex.org/W2058690674","https://openalex.org/W2060472015","https://openalex.org/W2082153300","https://openalex.org/W2084924967","https://openalex.org/W2109101401","https://openalex.org/W2111174053","https://openalex.org/W2111563176","https://openalex.org/W2111581650","https://openalex.org/W2114844199","https://openalex.org/W2158964090","https://openalex.org/W2165387188","https://openalex.org/W2166635235","https://openalex.org/W2174890733","https://openalex.org/W2236944418","https://openalex.org/W2251882317","https://openalex.org/W2294586855","https://openalex.org/W2555763236","https://openalex.org/W2752814746","https://openalex.org/W2800812001","https://openalex.org/W2944655336","https://openalex.org/W2988933458","https://openalex.org/W3122167207","https://openalex.org/W3125883116","https://openalex.org/W3136027957","https://openalex.org/W4251616545","https://openalex.org/W4252801674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018691209","https://openalex.org/W4312143452","https://openalex.org/W4247364272","https://openalex.org/W3133151256","https://openalex.org/W2132920749","https://openalex.org/W2017649536","https://openalex.org/W1990067406","https://openalex.org/W2135709899","https://openalex.org/W3011762580","https://openalex.org/W2979607460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"paper":[2,152,172],"considers":[3,153],"how":[4],"an":[5,185],"online":[6,29],"food":[7],"delivery":[8,13,20,148,161],"platform":[9],"can":[10,67,118],"improve":[11],"last-mile":[12,147],"services\u2019":[14],"performance":[15,183],"using":[16],"multi-source":[17],"data.":[18],"The":[19],"time":[21],"is":[22,99],"one":[23],"critical":[24],"but":[25],"uncertain":[26],"factor":[27],"for":[28],"platforms":[30],"that":[31,54,179],"also":[32],"regarded":[33],"as":[34],"the":[35,78,85,125,139,154,165,180],"main":[36],"challenges":[37],"in":[38,77,124],"order":[39,141],"assignment":[40,142],"and":[41,72,132,143,160,163,177],"routing":[42,62,144,158],"service.":[43,149],"To":[44],"tackle":[45],"this":[46,113,151,171],"challenge,":[47],"we":[48,89,117],"propose":[49],"a":[50,91,120,174],"data-driven":[51],"optimization":[52,127],"approach":[53],"combines":[55],"machine":[56,110],"learning":[57,65],"techniques":[58],"with":[59,190],"capacitated":[60],"vehicle":[61],"optimization.":[63],"Machine":[64],"methods":[66],"provide":[68],"more":[69,121],"accurate":[70,122],"predictions":[71],"have":[73],"received":[74],"increasing":[75],"attention":[76],"operations":[79],"research":[80],"field.":[81],"However,":[82],"different":[83],"from":[84],"traditional":[86],"predict-then-optimize":[87,94],"paradigm,":[88],"use":[90],"new":[92],"smart":[93],"framework,":[95],"whose":[96],"prediction":[97,106],"objective":[98],"constructed":[100],"by":[101],"decision":[102,123,159],"error":[103,107],"instead":[104],"of":[105,115,146],"when":[108],"implementing":[109],"learning.":[111],"Using":[112],"type":[114],"prediction,":[116],"obtain":[119],"following":[126],"step.":[128],"Efficient":[129],"mini-batching":[130],"gradient":[131],"heuristic":[133],"algorithms":[134],"are":[135],"designed":[136],"to":[137],"solve":[138],"joint":[140],"problem":[145],"Besides,":[150],"mutual":[155],"effect":[156],"between":[157],"time,":[162],"provides":[164],"corresponding":[166],"solution":[167],"algorithm.":[168],"In":[169],"addition,":[170],"conducts":[173],"computational":[175],"study":[176],"finds":[178],"proposed":[181],"method\u2019s":[182],"has":[184],"approximate":[186],"5%":[187],"improvement":[188],"compared":[189],"other":[191],"methods.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
