{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2078590992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13389-013-0057-3","title":"Charm: a framework for rapidly prototyping cryptosystems","display_name":"Charm: a framework for rapidly prototyping cryptosystems","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2078590992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13389-013-0057-3","mag":"2078590992"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13389-013-0057-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13389-013-0057-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764800400","display_name":"Journal of Cryptographic Engineering","issn_l":"2190-8508","issn":["2190-8508","2190-8516"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cryptographic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072635090","display_name":"Joseph A. Akinyele","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joseph A. Akinyele","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","Johns Hopkins University ("],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University (","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029779272","display_name":"Christina Garman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5077-5404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christina Garman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","Johns Hopkins University ("],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University (","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049802912","display_name":"Ian Miers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8332-2368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian Miers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","Johns Hopkins University ("],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University (","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034127630","display_name":"Matthew W. Pagano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew W. Pagano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","Johns Hopkins University ("],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University (","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022815916","display_name":"Michael Rushanan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Rushanan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","Johns Hopkins University ("],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University (","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100626529","display_name":"Matthew Green","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0948-4801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Green","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","Johns Hopkins University ("],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University (","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111499449","display_name":"Aviel D. Rubin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1061-8555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aviel D. Rubin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","Johns Hopkins University ("],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University (","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072635090"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":52.1498,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":671,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99871106,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"111","last_page":"128"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7897176146507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptosystem","display_name":"Cryptosystem","score":0.6342066526412964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.6149196028709412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5993884801864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.5699412226676941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5274774432182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charm","display_name":"Charm (quantum number)","score":0.5214271545410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.44747233390808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.44461092352867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.39185333251953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3645256757736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2625308036804199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.13993391394615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.11736598610877991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-physics","display_name":"Particle physics","score":0.07300418615341187}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7897176146507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6295992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q976521","display_name":"Cryptosystem","level":3,"score":0.6342066526412964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.6149196028709412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5993884801864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.5699412226676941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5274774432182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781339351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2639620","display_name":"Charm (quantum number)","level":2,"score":0.5214271545410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.44747233390808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.44461092352867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.39185333251953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3645256757736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2625308036804199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.13993391394615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.11736598610877991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.07300418615341187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13389-013-0057-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13389-013-0057-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764800400","display_name":"Journal of Cryptographic Engineering","issn_l":"2190-8508","issn":["2190-8508","2190-8516"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cryptographic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W27720104","https://openalex.org/W139582188","https://openalex.org/W186684821","https://openalex.org/W1480225633","https://openalex.org/W1486107224","https://openalex.org/W1498316612","https://openalex.org/W1499994393","https://openalex.org/W1534388293","https://openalex.org/W1539207281","https://openalex.org/W1547442962","https://openalex.org/W1552695147","https://openalex.org/W1562466829","https://openalex.org/W1574149717","https://openalex.org/W1588782201","https://openalex.org/W1589034595","https://openalex.org/W1592092778","https://openalex.org/W1599846125","https://openalex.org/W1602903055","https://openalex.org/W1610688607","https://openalex.org/W1643928249","https://openalex.org/W1646354800","https://openalex.org/W1656731780","https://openalex.org/W1682451491","https://openalex.org/W1684724692","https://openalex.org/W1761303171","https://openalex.org/W1794210664","https://openalex.org/W1825165655","https://openalex.org/W1851031742","https://openalex.org/W1885156594","https://openalex.org/W1888254701","https://openalex.org/W1900771389","https://openalex.org/W1910390680","https://openalex.org/W1927099252","https://openalex.org/W1978183200","https://openalex.org/W2001084165","https://openalex.org/W2011112377","https://openalex.org/W2031533839","https://openalex.org/W2033820870","https://openalex.org/W2086298846","https://openalex.org/W2087000693","https://openalex.org/W2090903439","https://openalex.org/W2095708839","https://openalex.org/W2097638666","https://openalex.org/W2101803085","https://openalex.org/W2103239853","https://openalex.org/W2108072891","https://openalex.org/W2108834246","https://openalex.org/W2112914778","https://openalex.org/W2117685508","https://openalex.org/W2129184440","https://openalex.org/W2132172731","https://openalex.org/W2141395382","https://openalex.org/W2141776264","https://openalex.org/W2146689848","https://openalex.org/W2152924492","https://openalex.org/W2157332203","https://openalex.org/W2162653919","https://openalex.org/W2164769207","https://openalex.org/W2165210192","https://openalex.org/W2172174332","https://openalex.org/W2186153718","https://openalex.org/W2201681885","https://openalex.org/W2224364690","https://openalex.org/W2238048589","https://openalex.org/W2394819966","https://openalex.org/W2407933944","https://openalex.org/W2471942198","https://openalex.org/W2911777915","https://openalex.org/W2914982603","https://openalex.org/W2950397418","https://openalex.org/W2951843180","https://openalex.org/W3030379598","https://openalex.org/W3030862179","https://openalex.org/W3030892925","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238897586","https://openalex.org/W435179959","https://openalex.org/W2619091065","https://openalex.org/W2059640416","https://openalex.org/W1490753184","https://openalex.org/W2284465472","https://openalex.org/W2291782699","https://openalex.org/W1993948687","https://openalex.org/W2011676020","https://openalex.org/W2329895846"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":59},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":66},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":79},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":66},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":77},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":64},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}