{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7116633161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-025-01555-3","title":"Enhancing Arabic sentiment analysis during the Qatar world cup: a study of generative pre-trained transformers and machine learning techniques","display_name":"Enhancing Arabic sentiment analysis during the Qatar world cup: a study of generative pre-trained transformers and machine learning techniques","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7116633161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-025-01555-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13278-025-01555-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-025-01555-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764891196","display_name":"Social Network Analysis and Mining","issn_l":"1869-5450","issn":["1869-5450","1869-5469"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Network Analysis and Mining","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-025-01555-3","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062638010","display_name":"Ghaleb H. Algaphari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5145-3144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114659","display_name":"Yemenia University","ror":"https://ror.org/022jg8f66","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114659"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170535673","display_name":"Sana'a University","ror":"https://ror.org/04hcvaf32","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170535673"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ghaleb Al-Gaphari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana\u2019a University, Sanaa, Yemen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana\u2019a University, Sanaa, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170535673","https://openalex.org/I4210114659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042737917","display_name":"Salah Al-Hagree","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114659","display_name":"Yemenia University","ror":"https://ror.org/022jg8f66","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114659"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170535673","display_name":"Sana'a University","ror":"https://ror.org/04hcvaf32","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170535673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78137547","display_name":"Ibb University","ror":"https://ror.org/00fhcxc56","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salah AL-Hagree","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana\u2019a University, Sanaa, Yemen","Computer Science Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana\u2019a University, Sanaa, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170535673","https://openalex.org/I4210114659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058085096","display_name":"Maher Al-Sanabani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I288216842","display_name":"Thamar University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsbkh63","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I288216842"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maher Al-Sanabani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288216842"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047707713","display_name":"Ahmed Abdullah Al-Shalabi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170535673","display_name":"Sana'a University","ror":"https://ror.org/04hcvaf32","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170535673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114659","display_name":"Yemenia University","ror":"https://ror.org/022jg8f66","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114659"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Al-Shalabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana\u2019a University, Sanaa, Yemen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana\u2019a University, Sanaa, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170535673","https://openalex.org/I4210114659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000943206","display_name":"Baligh Al-Helali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0555-809X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78137547","display_name":"Ibb University","ror":"https://ror.org/00fhcxc56","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baligh Al-Helali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115395269","display_name":"Ala\u2019a Alawdi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78137547","display_name":"Ibb University","ror":"https://ror.org/00fhcxc56","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ala\u2019a Alawdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062638010"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170535673","https://openalex.org/I4210114659"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83164178,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9575999975204468,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9575999975204468,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11326","display_name":"Stock Market Forecasting Methods","score":0.005499999970197678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.689300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentiment-analysis","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","score":0.6668999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.5001000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.43149998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.4196000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.3727000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.3718999922275543}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.801800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.689300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66402592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271421","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","level":2,"score":0.6668999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5616999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.5001000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.48910000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.43149998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.4196000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.3727000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.3718999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.3653999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155092808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182557","display_name":"Computational linguistics","level":2,"score":0.3601999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.32120001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160234255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812535","display_name":"Bayesian inference","level":3,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13278-025-01555-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-025-01555-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764891196","display_name":"Social Network Analysis and Mining","issn_l":"1869-5450","issn":["1869-5450","1869-5469"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Network Analysis and Mining","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13278-025-01555-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-025-01555-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764891196","display_name":"Social Network Analysis and Mining","issn_l":"1869-5450","issn":["1869-5450","1869-5469"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Network Analysis and Mining","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5186987519264221}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2594887016","https://openalex.org/W2783389893","https://openalex.org/W2904391139","https://openalex.org/W3091850998","https://openalex.org/W3168093350","https://openalex.org/W4206646040","https://openalex.org/W4287883622","https://openalex.org/W4303980867","https://openalex.org/W4312386585","https://openalex.org/W4317906512","https://openalex.org/W4380632469","https://openalex.org/W4382312417","https://openalex.org/W4384940781","https://openalex.org/W4385151499","https://openalex.org/W4386844401","https://openalex.org/W4389790147","https://openalex.org/W4390188013","https://openalex.org/W4390880298","https://openalex.org/W4391217191","https://openalex.org/W4392209884","https://openalex.org/W4393034766","https://openalex.org/W4393066442","https://openalex.org/W4393103047","https://openalex.org/W4393358006","https://openalex.org/W4396511810","https://openalex.org/W4399774637","https://openalex.org/W4400201326","https://openalex.org/W4400201411","https://openalex.org/W4404782432"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sentiment":[0],"analysis":[1,46,238],"plays":[2],"a":[3,111,202,223],"crucial":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6],"understanding":[7,184,217],"public":[8],"opinion":[9],"across":[10,100],"Arabic":[11,44,209,236],"social":[12],"media":[13],"platforms;":[14],"however,":[15],"challenges":[16],"such":[17,123],"as":[18,124],"morphological":[19],"richness,":[20],"dialectal":[21],"diversity,":[22],"and":[23,37,70,83,98,131,155,176,185,204,218,233],"contextual":[24,183],"ambiguity":[25],"hinder":[26],"model":[27,38,117],"performance.":[28],"This":[29,85,212],"study":[30,86,213],"evaluates":[31],"the":[32,41,141,165,231],"impact":[33],"of":[34,43,144,167,235],"annotation":[35,64,89,108,188,196,227],"quality":[36,90],"architecture":[39],"on":[40,114],"accuracy":[42],"sentiment":[45,210,237],"by":[47,221],"comparing":[48],"traditional":[49],"machine":[50,120,154],"learning":[51,121,200],"algorithms":[52],"with":[53,136,161,197],"transformer-based":[54,198],"architectures.":[55],"A":[56],"novel":[57],"dataset":[58],"was":[59],"developed":[60],"using":[61],"an":[62],"active":[63],"strategy":[65],"that":[66,107,193,229],"combines":[67],"human":[68,168],"expertise":[69],"artificial":[71],"intelligence":[72,226],"(AI)":[73],"assisted":[74],"labelling":[75],"through":[76],"Chat":[77],"Generative":[78],"Pre-Trained":[79],"Transformer":[80],"versions":[81],"3.5":[82],"4.":[84],"investigates":[87],"how":[88],"affects":[91],"classification":[92],"performance":[93,115],"metrics":[94],"\u2014accuracy,":[95],"precision,":[96],"recall,":[97],"F1-score\u2014":[99],"various":[101],"classifiers.":[102],"The":[103,190],"experimental":[104],"results":[105,160],"reveal":[106],"consistency":[109],"exerts":[110],"stronger":[112],"influence":[113],"than":[116],"complexity.":[118],"Classical":[119],"models":[122,150],"k":[125],"nearest":[126],"neighbours,":[127],"multinomial":[128],"na\u00efve":[129],"Bayes":[130],"random":[132],"forest":[133],"performed":[134],"best":[135],"ChatGPT":[137],"4-labelled":[138],"data,":[139],"reflecting":[140],"lexical":[142],"coherence":[143],"AI":[145],"generated":[146],"annotations.":[147],"Conversely,":[148],"context-sensitive":[149],"including":[151],"support":[152],"vector":[153],"logistic":[156],"regression,":[157],"achieved":[158],"superior":[159],"human-labelled":[162],"datasets,":[163],"emphasizing":[164],"value":[166],"semantic":[169],"interpretation.":[170],"Transformer-based":[171],"architectures\u2014AraBERTv2,":[172],"CAMeL":[173],"Lab":[174],"BERT,":[175],"XLM-RoBERTa\u2014outperformed":[177],"all":[178],"other":[179],"models,":[180],"demonstrating":[181],"robust":[182],"resilience":[186],"to":[187],"noise.":[189],"findings":[191],"indicate":[192],"integrating":[194],"AI-assisted":[195],"deep":[199],"provides":[201],"scalable":[203],"linguistically":[205],"adaptive":[206],"framework":[207],"for":[208],"analysis.":[211],"advances":[214],"both":[215],"theoretical":[216],"practical":[219],"applications":[220],"proposing":[222],"balanced":[224],"human\u2013artificial":[225],"paradigm":[228],"enhances":[230],"efficiency":[232],"interpretability":[234],"models.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-22T23:29:09.771500","created_date":"2025-12-21T00:00:00"}
