{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408283715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-025-01410-5","title":"Dissecting a social bot powered by generative AI: anatomy, new trends and challenges","display_name":"Dissecting a social bot powered by generative AI: anatomy, new trends and challenges","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408283715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-025-01410-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13278-025-01410-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-025-01410-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13278-025-01410-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764891196","display_name":"Social Network Analysis and Mining","issn_l":"1869-5450","issn":["1869-5450","1869-5469"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Network Analysis and Mining","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13278-025-01410-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092761749","display_name":"Salvador L\u00f3pez-Joya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9290-6528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113665","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/026yy9j15","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113665"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Salvador Lopez-Joya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and A.I, University of Granada, C. Periodista Daniel Saucedo Aranda, 18014, Granada, Spain","Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies, C. Periodista Rafael G\u00f3mez Montero, 18014, Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and A.I, University of Granada, C. Periodista Daniel Saucedo Aranda, 18014, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies, C. Periodista Rafael G\u00f3mez Montero, 18014, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113665"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036347319","display_name":"Jose A. Diaz-Garcia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9263-1402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113665","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/026yy9j15","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113665"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose A. Diaz-Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and A.I, University of Granada, C. Periodista Daniel Saucedo Aranda, 18014, Granada, Spain","Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies, C. Periodista Rafael G\u00f3mez Montero, 18014, Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and A.I, University of Granada, C. Periodista Daniel Saucedo Aranda, 18014, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies, C. Periodista Rafael G\u00f3mez Montero, 18014, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113665"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016753319","display_name":"M. Dolores Ruiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1077-3173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113665","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/026yy9j15","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113665"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Dolores Ruiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and A.I, University of Granada, C. Periodista Daniel Saucedo Aranda, 18014, Granada, Spain","Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies, C. Periodista Rafael G\u00f3mez Montero, 18014, Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and A.I, University of Granada, C. Periodista Daniel Saucedo Aranda, 18014, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies, C. Periodista Rafael G\u00f3mez Montero, 18014, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113665"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000475040","display_name":"Mar\u0131\u0301a J. Mart\u0131\u0301n-Bautista","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6973-477X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113665","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/026yy9j15","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113665"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria J. Martin-Bautista","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and A.I, University of Granada, C. Periodista Daniel Saucedo Aranda, 18014, Granada, Spain","Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies, C. Periodista Rafael G\u00f3mez Montero, 18014, Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and A.I, University of Granada, C. Periodista Daniel Saucedo Aranda, 18014, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies, C. Periodista Rafael G\u00f3mez Montero, 18014, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113665"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092761749"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897","https://openalex.org/I4210113665"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":24.2472,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99374851,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.5907842516899109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5353169441223145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48699623346328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.39534300565719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3638771176338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32892948389053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.2437463402748108}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.5907842516899109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5353169441223145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48699623346328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.39534300565719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3638771176338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32892948389053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2437463402748108}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13278-025-01410-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-025-01410-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13278-025-01410-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764891196","display_name":"Social Network Analysis and Mining","issn_l":"1869-5450","issn":["1869-5450","1869-5469"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Network Analysis and Mining","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13278-025-01410-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-025-01410-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13278-025-01410-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764891196","display_name":"Social Network Analysis and Mining","issn_l":"1869-5450","issn":["1869-5450","1869-5469"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Network Analysis and Mining","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408283715.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":97,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W176212337","https://openalex.org/W202178741","https://openalex.org/W1409467178","https://openalex.org/W1837843568","https://openalex.org/W1849719402","https://openalex.org/W1929461063","https://openalex.org/W1963872805","https://openalex.org/W2007872832","https://openalex.org/W2136448620","https://openalex.org/W2164441058","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2278635123","https://openalex.org/W2294798173","https://openalex.org/W2513222658","https://openalex.org/W2595521492","https://openalex.org/W2769471736","https://openalex.org/W2810193935","https://openalex.org/W2889326414","https://openalex.org/W2907352650","https://openalex.org/W2946092763","https://openalex.org/W2953122191","https://openalex.org/W2962590879","https://openalex.org/W2962783931","https://openalex.org/W2963806301","https://openalex.org/W2969865156","https://openalex.org/W2997788455","https://openalex.org/W3004825831","https://openalex.org/W3014935876","https://openalex.org/W3015794574","https://openalex.org/W3019320019","https://openalex.org/W3025451404","https://openalex.org/W3035082952","https://openalex.org/W3041367927","https://openalex.org/W3081846154","https://openalex.org/W3093744263","https://openalex.org/W3093798014","https://openalex.org/W3098437005","https://openalex.org/W3100718111","https://openalex.org/W3102083609","https://openalex.org/W3104378754","https://openalex.org/W3106311261","https://openalex.org/W3106914636","https://openalex.org/W3116492894","https://openalex.org/W3125182500","https://openalex.org/W3125928061","https://openalex.org/W3132668218","https://openalex.org/W3137485126","https://openalex.org/W3170113367","https://openalex.org/W3175498457","https://openalex.org/W3184158862","https://openalex.org/W3184324824","https://openalex.org/W3192856967","https://openalex.org/W3214818997","https://openalex.org/W4200222034","https://openalex.org/W4206676020","https://openalex.org/W4220686914","https://openalex.org/W4226381434","https://openalex.org/W4231258178","https://openalex.org/W4282569412","https://openalex.org/W4288373381","https://openalex.org/W4289253852","https://openalex.org/W4298252438","https://openalex.org/W4308804842","https://openalex.org/W4318700067","https://openalex.org/W4323644405","https://openalex.org/W4324298641","https://openalex.org/W4364357667","https://openalex.org/W4378364121","https://openalex.org/W4380887356","https://openalex.org/W4385187297","https://openalex.org/W4385261011","https://openalex.org/W4385764438","https://openalex.org/W4386469304","https://openalex.org/W4388344948","https://openalex.org/W4388651650","https://openalex.org/W4388848791","https://openalex.org/W4392968283","https://openalex.org/W4393003817","https://openalex.org/W4393191744","https://openalex.org/W4393620614","https://openalex.org/W4395097571","https://openalex.org/W4398140700","https://openalex.org/W4398184771","https://openalex.org/W4399121933","https://openalex.org/W4401043351","https://openalex.org/W4401415327","https://openalex.org/W4402670869","https://openalex.org/W4402671815","https://openalex.org/W4404782513","https://openalex.org/W4404782758","https://openalex.org/W4404967129","https://openalex.org/W6600134738","https://openalex.org/W6600238479","https://openalex.org/W6600297362","https://openalex.org/W6702248584","https://openalex.org/W6776600604","https://openalex.org/W6813814940"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"rise":[2,19],"of":[3,20,27,33,63,77,143,155],"social":[4,34,67],"networks":[5],"has":[6,15],"transformed":[7],"communication,":[8],"information":[9],"sharing":[10],"and":[11,52,80,110,114,125],"entertainment,":[12],"but":[13],"it":[14],"also":[16],"facilitated":[17],"the":[18,25,31,75,105,141,153],"harmful":[21],"activities":[22],"such":[23],"as":[24],"spread":[26],"misinformation,":[28],"often":[29],"through":[30,115],"use":[32,120],"bots.":[35],"These":[36],"automated":[37],"accounts":[38],"that":[39,92,132],"mimic":[40],"human":[41],"behaviour":[42],"have":[43],"been":[44],"implicated":[45],"in":[46,66],"significant":[47],"events,":[48],"including":[49],"political":[50],"interference":[51],"market":[53],"manipulation.":[54],"In":[55,101],"this":[56],"paper,":[57],"we":[58,103,119],"provide":[59],"a":[60,71,86],"comprehensive":[61],"review":[62],"recent":[64],"advances":[65],"bot":[68,135],"detection,":[69],"with":[70],"particular":[72],"focus":[73],"on":[74,158],"role":[76],"generative":[78],"AI":[79],"large":[81],"language":[82],"models.":[83],"We":[84],"present":[85],"new":[87],"categorisation":[88],"scheme":[89],"for":[90,151],"bots":[91,157],"aims":[93],"to":[94,129,134,140],"reduce":[95],"class":[96],"overlap":[97],"while":[98],"maintaining":[99],"generality.":[100],"addition,":[102],"analyse":[104],"most":[106],"commonly":[107],"used":[108],"datasets":[109],"state-of-the-art":[111],"classification":[112],"techniques,":[113],"user":[116],"profile-based":[117],"measures,":[118],"Explainable":[121],"Artificial":[122],"Intelligence":[123],"(XAI)":[124],"data":[126],"mining":[127],"techniques":[128],"uncover":[130],"factors":[131],"contribute":[133,139],"misclassification.":[136],"Our":[137],"findings":[138],"development":[142],"more":[144],"robust":[145],"detection":[146],"methods,":[147],"which":[148],"are":[149],"essential":[150],"mitigating":[152],"impact":[154],"malicious":[156],"online":[159],"platforms.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
