{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7117308186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13177-025-00597-3","title":"Drivers Use Constrained Gaze Regulation for Risk Perception: An Analysis of Visual Behaviors in Braking Control","display_name":"Drivers Use Constrained Gaze Regulation for Risk Perception: An Analysis of Visual Behaviors in Braking Control","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7117308186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13177-025-00597-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13177-025-00597-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13177-025-00597-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118678737","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research","issn_l":"1348-8503","issn":["1348-8503","1868-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chao Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Vehicle and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Vehicle and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011239065","display_name":"Edric John Cruz Nacpil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2873-5431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801879210","display_name":"University School of Milwaukee","ror":"https://ror.org/045bzwt16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801879210"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edric John Cruz Nacpil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Azukipan IT Solutions LLC, Milwaukee, 53202, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Azukipan IT Solutions LLC, Milwaukee, 53202, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801879210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121350030","display_name":"Wang Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, 3122, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, 3122, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014294265","display_name":"Hefei Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5425-3407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110652","display_name":"RIKEN","ror":"https://ror.org/01sjwvz98","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110652"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hefei Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110652"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121357737","display_name":"Wenbin Hou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenbin Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107948501","display_name":"Rencheng Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rencheng Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key laboratory of mechanism theory and equipment design, Tianjin University, Tianjin , 300354, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key laboratory of mechanism theory and equipment design, Tianjin University, Tianjin , 300354, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107948501"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62652823,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"2","first_page":"534","last_page":"547"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.6728000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.6728000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.13910000026226044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.029600000008940697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaze","display_name":"Gaze","score":0.9136999845504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision-avoidance","display_name":"Collision avoidance","score":0.6165000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.5947999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision","display_name":"Collision","score":0.5860999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.5378999710083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.47780001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4090999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.3785000145435333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.9136999845504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780864053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5147495","display_name":"Collision avoidance","level":3,"score":0.6165000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5947999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121704057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070","display_name":"Collision","level":2,"score":0.5860999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.5378999710083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.47780001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4090999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3785000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35519999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178253425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162668","display_name":"Visual perception","level":3,"score":0.34709998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158495155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2369151","display_name":"Visual search","level":2,"score":0.32409998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153050134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760256","display_name":"Eye movement","level":2,"score":0.3165999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147317941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1925419","display_name":"Describing function","level":3,"score":0.3086000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780689630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081815","display_name":"Driving simulator","level":2,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.2754000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986089797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6501338","display_name":"Visual attention","level":3,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2533999979496002}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s13177-025-00597-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13177-025-00597-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118678737","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research","issn_l":"1348-8503","issn":["1348-8503","1868-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5292705896","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52071047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315254","funder_display_name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315254","display_name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1921630466","https://openalex.org/W1964234414","https://openalex.org/W2016151598","https://openalex.org/W2038120854","https://openalex.org/W2043417906","https://openalex.org/W2062808310","https://openalex.org/W2112845172","https://openalex.org/W2116805159","https://openalex.org/W2137669830","https://openalex.org/W2213899959","https://openalex.org/W2314032274","https://openalex.org/W2506441677","https://openalex.org/W2580163659","https://openalex.org/W2795551958","https://openalex.org/W2904996308","https://openalex.org/W2920916268","https://openalex.org/W2945506992","https://openalex.org/W2959708786","https://openalex.org/W2964344294","https://openalex.org/W3009316979","https://openalex.org/W3118477241","https://openalex.org/W3119269619","https://openalex.org/W3123715262","https://openalex.org/W3142351219","https://openalex.org/W3216422440","https://openalex.org/W4220849059","https://openalex.org/W4283398415","https://openalex.org/W4386091575","https://openalex.org/W4387490312","https://openalex.org/W4400645479","https://openalex.org/W4402129341","https://openalex.org/W4407128245","https://openalex.org/W4408746161"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-24T06:01:01.537669","created_date":"2025-12-26T00:00:00"}