{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2063241579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2","title":"Cloud Computing \u2013 A Classification, Business Models, and Research Directions","display_name":"Cloud Computing \u2013 A Classification, Business Models, and Research Directions","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2063241579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2","mag":"2063241579"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27339233","display_name":"Business & Information Systems Engineering","issn_l":"1867-0202","issn":["1867-0202","2363-7005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Business &amp; Information Systems Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021007726","display_name":"Christof Weinhardt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7945-4077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christof Weinhardt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031820913","display_name":"Arun Anandasivam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arun Anandasivam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061553410","display_name":"Benjamin Blau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Blau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040055230","display_name":"Nikolay Borissov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8423-9873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolay Borissov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042186507","display_name":"Thomas Meinl","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Meinl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014842367","display_name":"Wibke Michalk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3978-4861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wibke Michalk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033562792","display_name":"Jochen St\u00f6\u00dfer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jochen St\u00f6\u00dfer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH)#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Systems and Management, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH), Englerstr. 14, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe (TH)#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021007726"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"apc_list":{"value":3590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":31.2041,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":451,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99747164,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"5","first_page":"391","last_page":"399"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.9348412752151489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid-computing","display_name":"Grid computing","score":0.7270549535751343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6983001232147217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.657349169254303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5932210683822632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utility-computing","display_name":"Utility computing","score":0.5073949694633484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-testing","display_name":"Cloud testing","score":0.506416916847229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.47554871439933777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-model","display_name":"Business model","score":0.445633202791214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing-security","display_name":"Cloud computing security","score":0.36918026208877563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3528931736946106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3220111131668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.10505306720733643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.06927219033241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.0620245635509491}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.9348412752151489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70429105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249999","display_name":"Grid computing","level":3,"score":0.7270549535751343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6983001232147217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.657349169254303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5932210683822632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85106507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188445","display_name":"Utility computing","level":4,"score":0.5073949694633484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120115606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135723","display_name":"Cloud testing","level":4,"score":0.506416916847229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.47554871439933777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4216890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815823","display_name":"Business model","level":2,"score":0.445633202791214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.36918026208877563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3528931736946106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3220111131668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.10505306720733643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.06927219033241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0620245635509491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27339233","display_name":"Business & Information Systems Engineering","issn_l":"1867-0202","issn":["1867-0202","2363-7005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Business &amp; Information Systems Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:binfse:v:1:y:2009:i:5:p:391-399","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aisel.aisnet.org:bise-1113","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://aisel.aisnet.org/bise/vol1/iss5/6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30879505","display_name":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems","issn_l":"1536-9323","issn":["1536-9323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321080","host_organization_name":"Association for Information Systems","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321080"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Information Systems"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Business &amp; Information Systems Engineering","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12599-009-0071-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27339233","display_name":"Business & Information Systems Engineering","issn_l":"1867-0202","issn":["1867-0202","2363-7005"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Business &amp; Information Systems Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2063241579.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2063241579.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124086716","https://openalex.org/W277728535","https://openalex.org/W1964464249","https://openalex.org/W1967574210","https://openalex.org/W1996478358","https://openalex.org/W2020739317","https://openalex.org/W2021122811","https://openalex.org/W2077200369","https://openalex.org/W2100951624","https://openalex.org/W2101365957","https://openalex.org/W2108074081","https://openalex.org/W2154010459","https://openalex.org/W2205594613","https://openalex.org/W3125348023","https://openalex.org/W4229690872"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W191275436","https://openalex.org/W4322712946","https://openalex.org/W2189303838","https://openalex.org/W2080464316","https://openalex.org/W4281784929","https://openalex.org/W3142266060","https://openalex.org/W2897903523","https://openalex.org/W2186962052","https://openalex.org/W2077430250","https://openalex.org/W3198746864"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":47}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
