{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4382244479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12530-023-09511-2","title":"A large multiclass dataset of CT scans for COVID-19 identification","display_name":"A large multiclass dataset of CT scans for COVID-19 identification","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4382244479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12530-023-09511-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12530-023-09511-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12530-023-09511-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12530-023-09511-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202254422","display_name":"Evolving Systems","issn_l":"1868-6478","issn":["1868-6478","1868-6486"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evolving Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12530-023-09511-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068590850","display_name":"Eduardo Soares","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2634-8270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo Soares","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4WA, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2634-8270","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4WA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039480864","display_name":"Plamen Angelov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5770-934X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Plamen Angelov","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4WA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4WA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070904622","display_name":"Sarah Biaso","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090574","display_name":"Hospital do Servidor P\u00fablico Municipal","ror":"https://ror.org/00av44s75","country_code":"BR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090574"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Biaso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Hospital of the Government Employees of Sao Paulo, 01532-001, Sao Paulo, BR, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Hospital of the Government Employees of Sao Paulo, 01532-001, Sao Paulo, BR, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103096270","display_name":"Marcelo Cury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2447-2251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88273585","display_name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/02k5swt12","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88273585"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcelo Cury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, 04021-001, Sao Paulo, BR, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, 04021-001, Sao Paulo, BR, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88273585"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021597588","display_name":"Daniel Kanda Abe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090574","display_name":"Hospital do Servidor P\u00fablico Municipal","ror":"https://ror.org/00av44s75","country_code":"BR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090574"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Abe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Hospital of the Government Employees of Sao Paulo, 01532-001, Sao Paulo, BR, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Hospital of the Government Employees of Sao Paulo, 01532-001, Sao Paulo, BR, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090574"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068590850"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"fwci":4.156,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94407689,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"635","last_page":"640"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.7719035744667053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","score":0.6842992305755615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.6401533484458923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5875387191772461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.5746766328811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5572401881217957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2019-20-coronavirus-outbreak","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","score":0.5526995658874512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5482107996940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.5311996340751648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.4767652153968811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metropolitan-area","display_name":"Metropolitan area","score":0.4765256643295288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.46001195907592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4517384171485901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4272410571575165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-emergency","display_name":"Medical emergency","score":0.3705129623413086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.37003418803215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3524044156074524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.2798098921775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score":0.20336246490478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.1639009416103363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.09436902403831482}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.7719035744667053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.6842992305755615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.6401533484458923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5875387191772461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.5746766328811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5572401881217957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.5526995658874512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5482107996940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5311996340751648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.4767652153968811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158739034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907114","display_name":"Metropolitan area","level":2,"score":0.4765256643295288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.46001195907592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4517384171485901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4272410571575165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.3705129623413086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.37003418803215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3524044156074524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.2798098921775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.20336246490478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.1639009416103363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.09436902403831482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12530-023-09511-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12530-023-09511-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12530-023-09511-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202254422","display_name":"Evolving Systems","issn_l":"1868-6478","issn":["1868-6478","1868-6486"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evolving Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:195626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/195626/1/EVOS_LargeMulticlassCOVID.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12530-023-09511-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12530-023-09511-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12530-023-09511-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202254422","display_name":"Evolving Systems","issn_l":"1868-6478","issn":["1868-6478","1868-6486"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evolving Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382244479.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2079761222","https://openalex.org/W2978001983","https://openalex.org/W3004595609","https://openalex.org/W3007940623","https://openalex.org/W3008443627","https://openalex.org/W3008827533","https://openalex.org/W3010223921","https://openalex.org/W3011127849","https://openalex.org/W3013547516","https://openalex.org/W3021028145","https://openalex.org/W3041378136","https://openalex.org/W3045975320","https://openalex.org/W3107979957","https://openalex.org/W3112857588","https://openalex.org/W3118109004","https://openalex.org/W3141637546","https://openalex.org/W3153511226","https://openalex.org/W3182546273","https://openalex.org/W3204899787","https://openalex.org/W6601013545"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4212929323","https://openalex.org/W2045046253","https://openalex.org/W2000995042","https://openalex.org/W2494740635","https://openalex.org/W1632599465","https://openalex.org/W3177269507","https://openalex.org/W1563545158","https://openalex.org/W2091545482","https://openalex.org/W2379499532","https://openalex.org/W2115206115"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,115],"infection":[2,61],"by":[3,85],"SARS-CoV-2":[4,60,82,137],"which":[5,25,74,165],"causes":[6],"the":[7,14,18,23,34,93,97,104,124,142,157,177,180],"COVID-19":[8],"disease":[9],"has":[10],"spread":[11],"widely":[12],"over":[13],"whole":[15],"world":[16],"since":[17],"beginning":[19],"of":[20,68,73,96,100,107,117,128,144,179],"2020.":[21],"Following":[22],"epidemic":[24],"started":[26],"in":[27,92,110],"Wuhan,":[28],"China":[29],"on":[30],"January":[31],"30,":[32],"2020":[33],"World":[35],"Health":[36],"Organization":[37],"(WHO)":[38],"declared":[39],"a":[40,45,52,148,167],"global":[41],"health":[42],"emergency":[43],"and":[44,83,103,126],"pandemic.":[46],"In":[47],"this":[48,118,152],"paper,":[49],"we":[50,155],"describe":[51],"publicly":[53],"available":[54],"multiclass":[55],"CT":[56,145],"scan":[57],"dataset":[58],"for":[59,151],"identification.":[62],"Which":[63],"currently":[64],"contains":[65],"4173":[66],"CT-scans":[67],"210":[69],"different":[70],"patients,":[71],"out":[72],"2168":[75],"correspond":[76],"to":[77,122,135,175],"80":[78],"patients":[79],"infected":[80],"with":[81],"confirmed":[84],"RT-PCR.":[86],"These":[87],"data":[88,119,153],"have":[89],"been":[90],"collected":[91],"Public":[94],"Hospital":[95,106],"Government":[98],"Employees":[99],"Sao":[101,111],"Paulo":[102,112],"Metropolitan":[105],"Lapa,":[108],"both":[109],"\u2013":[113],"Brazil.":[114],"aim":[116],"set":[120],"is":[121,166],"encourage":[123],"research":[125],"development":[127],"artificial":[129],"intelligent":[130],"methods":[131],"that":[132,172],"are":[133],"able":[134],"identify":[136],"or":[138],"other":[139],"diseases":[140],"through":[141],"analysis":[143],"scans.":[146],"As":[147],"baseline":[149],"result":[150],"set,":[154],"used":[156],"recently":[158],"introduced":[159],"eXplainable":[160],"Deep":[161],"Learning":[162],"approach":[163,171],"(xDNN),":[164],"transparent":[168],"deep":[169],"learning":[170],"allows":[173],"users":[174],"inspect":[176],"decisions":[178],"network.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
