{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017685107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-009-0022-6","title":"The Ethical Treatment of Artificially Conscious Robots","display_name":"The Ethical Treatment of Artificially Conscious Robots","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017685107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-009-0022-6","mag":"2017685107"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12369-009-0022-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-009-0022-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168738021","display_name":"International Journal of Social Robotics","issn_l":"1875-4791","issn":["1875-4791","1875-4805"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Social Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062521849","display_name":"David Levy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2490-8318"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153682","display_name":"Intelligent Health (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/0576zak10","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153682"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Levy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Toys Ltd., London, UK","Intelligent Toys Ltd"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Toys Ltd., London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153682"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Toys Ltd","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062521849"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153682"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0534,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":139,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94559645,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"3","first_page":"209","last_page":"216"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11953","display_name":"Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12520","display_name":"Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment","score":0.9689000248908997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redress","display_name":"Redress","score":0.8740665912628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.8026567697525024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.660125732421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-ethics","display_name":"Engineering ethics","score":0.5930411219596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5092002749443054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balance","display_name":"Balance (ability)","score":0.5056724548339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.3863798975944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38273632526397705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.34071779251098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.33048999309539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.32012951374053955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.21019434928894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1718389391899109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.10734975337982178}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776515129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7306218","display_name":"Redress","level":2,"score":0.8740665912628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.8026567697525024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.660125732421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.5930411219596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5092002749443054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168031717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530280","display_name":"Balance (ability)","level":2,"score":0.5056724548339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3863798975944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38273632526397705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.34071779251098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.33048999309539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.32012951374053955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.21019434928894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1718389391899109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.10734975337982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12369-009-0022-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-009-0022-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168738021","display_name":"International Journal of Social Robotics","issn_l":"1875-4791","issn":["1875-4791","1875-4805"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Social Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9650579","https://openalex.org/W180861525","https://openalex.org/W277070153","https://openalex.org/W644962321","https://openalex.org/W1481865416","https://openalex.org/W1507332240","https://openalex.org/W1510361553","https://openalex.org/W1516305094","https://openalex.org/W1588766812","https://openalex.org/W1595165895","https://openalex.org/W1964633509","https://openalex.org/W1984931410","https://openalex.org/W2001771035","https://openalex.org/W2048466846","https://openalex.org/W2050704896","https://openalex.org/W2063376654","https://openalex.org/W2080902143","https://openalex.org/W2101728600","https://openalex.org/W2106175837","https://openalex.org/W2145482038","https://openalex.org/W2212646996","https://openalex.org/W2539619597","https://openalex.org/W2913091558","https://openalex.org/W3124081863","https://openalex.org/W3134635495","https://openalex.org/W3166922436","https://openalex.org/W4255673347","https://openalex.org/W4285070385","https://openalex.org/W6611042503"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4233452137","https://openalex.org/W4254857216","https://openalex.org/W405964254","https://openalex.org/W2045758229","https://openalex.org/W4231626925","https://openalex.org/W2962829499","https://openalex.org/W4250956039","https://openalex.org/W2398963826"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}