{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2095420030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12193-013-0133-0","title":"Using unlabeled data to improve classification of emotional states in human computer interaction","display_name":"Using unlabeled data to improve classification of emotional states in human computer interaction","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2095420030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12193-013-0133-0","mag":"2095420030"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12193-013-0133-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12193-013-0133-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S21279965","display_name":"Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces","issn_l":"1783-7677","issn":["1783-7677","1783-8738"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079860571","display_name":"Martin Schels","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martin Schels","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058705058","display_name":"Markus K\u00e4chele","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus K\u00e4chele","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002563893","display_name":"Michael Glodek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Glodek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016554779","display_name":"David Hrabal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Hrabal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102965595","display_name":"Steffen Walter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8112-515X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steffen Walter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078096723","display_name":"Friedhelm Schwenker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5118-0812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Friedhelm Schwenker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079860571"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"],"apc_list":{"value":2090,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6725,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94144114,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"5","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9674999713897705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9569000005722046,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8724668025970459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.7764652371406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6491673588752747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5554955005645752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labeled-data","display_name":"Labeled data","score":0.5107717514038086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.4499746263027191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44981035590171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.4276072680950165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/density-estimation","display_name":"Density estimation","score":0.42690154910087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-learning","display_name":"Supervised learning","score":0.42020270228385925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.33047986030578613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.11966314911842346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07623982429504395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06545457243919373}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8724668025970459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.7764652371406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6491673588752747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5554955005645752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30673951","display_name":"Labeled data","level":2,"score":0.5107717514038086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.4499746263027191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44981035590171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.4276072680950165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189508267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17088227","display_name":"Density estimation","level":3,"score":0.42690154910087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.42020270228385925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33047986030578613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.11966314911842346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07623982429504395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06545457243919373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12193-013-0133-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12193-013-0133-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S21279965","display_name":"Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces","issn_l":"1783-7677","issn":["1783-7677","1783-8738"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24380035","https://openalex.org/W83758481","https://openalex.org/W122166360","https://openalex.org/W175750906","https://openalex.org/W1588539311","https://openalex.org/W1691092397","https://openalex.org/W1805992971","https://openalex.org/W1862394037","https://openalex.org/W1963581687","https://openalex.org/W1995216762","https://openalex.org/W2000609872","https://openalex.org/W2002706037","https://openalex.org/W2021382844","https://openalex.org/W2029349470","https://openalex.org/W2041853331","https://openalex.org/W2043181832","https://openalex.org/W2048679005","https://openalex.org/W2060183742","https://openalex.org/W2061796073","https://openalex.org/W2067977853","https://openalex.org/W2077204677","https://openalex.org/W2077792195","https://openalex.org/W2079057609","https://openalex.org/W2080898270","https://openalex.org/W2088153516","https://openalex.org/W2097898128","https://openalex.org/W2098935012","https://openalex.org/W2099593264","https://openalex.org/W2102998034","https://openalex.org/W2104093442","https://openalex.org/W2115629999","https://openalex.org/W2116337118","https://openalex.org/W2120675333","https://openalex.org/W2120945046","https://openalex.org/W2125127226","https://openalex.org/W2130162821","https://openalex.org/W2133589238","https://openalex.org/W2134857072","https://openalex.org/W2144196999","https://openalex.org/W2145710484","https://openalex.org/W2147678422","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2149628368","https://openalex.org/W2155258183","https://openalex.org/W2157392897","https://openalex.org/W2158485347","https://openalex.org/W2160056366","https://openalex.org/W2161073094","https://openalex.org/W2161278885","https://openalex.org/W2161963243","https://openalex.org/W2164368909","https://openalex.org/W2167544485","https://openalex.org/W2251371553","https://openalex.org/W2285072859","https://openalex.org/W2339343773","https://openalex.org/W2398014749","https://openalex.org/W2406566596","https://openalex.org/W2486168876","https://openalex.org/W2570764145","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W2949071206","https://openalex.org/W4230277160"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3193920202","https://openalex.org/W4318813552","https://openalex.org/W2576964996","https://openalex.org/W2130553454","https://openalex.org/W4317548404","https://openalex.org/W3022007134","https://openalex.org/W2087783760","https://openalex.org/W2033364610","https://openalex.org/W2797776314","https://openalex.org/W2168489430"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}