{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155155910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-026-02132-8","title":"LCS-YOLO: A lightweight and efficient small object detection algorithm for UAV","display_name":"LCS-YOLO: A lightweight and efficient small object detection algorithm for UAV","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155155910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-026-02132-8"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12145-026-02132-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-026-02132-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198914822","display_name":"Earth Science Informatics","issn_l":"1865-0473","issn":["1865-0473","1865-0481"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Earth Science Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100026557","display_name":"Xiuman Liang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137506752","display_name":"North China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04z4wmb81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137506752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiuman Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Bohai, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Bohai, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137506752"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100374668","display_name":"Yongsheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-162X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137506752","display_name":"North China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04z4wmb81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137506752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongsheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Bohai, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Bohai, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137506752"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134230171","display_name":"Nan Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137506752","display_name":"North China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04z4wmb81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137506752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Bohai, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Bohai, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137506752"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134321217","display_name":"Haifeng Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137506752","display_name":"North China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04z4wmb81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137506752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haifeng Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Bohai, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Bohai, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137506752"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5134230171"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137506752"],"apc_list":{"value":3390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3390},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8119,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96684025,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"6","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.821399986743927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.821399986743927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.11010000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.010200000368058681,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.6381000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5593000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5241000056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4684999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.44179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.42570000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.41620001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39910000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.3707999885082245}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8141999840736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.6381000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5593000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.527400016784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5241000056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4684999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.45170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.44179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.42570000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.41620001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39910000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.38940000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.3707999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.36480000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205606062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249645","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","level":2,"score":0.34380000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.32260000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141297171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143237","display_name":"Octree","level":2,"score":0.3149000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.2874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.25609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22367795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7625208","display_name":"Structured prediction","level":2,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12145-026-02132-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-026-02132-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198914822","display_name":"Earth Science Informatics","issn_l":"1865-0473","issn":["1865-0473","1865-0481"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Earth Science Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5553503049","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"D2024209006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2964241181","https://openalex.org/W2989604896","https://openalex.org/W2995484963","https://openalex.org/W4213189272","https://openalex.org/W4366598917","https://openalex.org/W4385325473","https://openalex.org/W4385839827","https://openalex.org/W4394862843","https://openalex.org/W4400266963","https://openalex.org/W4402857437","https://openalex.org/W4403835542","https://openalex.org/W4404853544","https://openalex.org/W4406704013","https://openalex.org/W4407152325","https://openalex.org/W4407275395","https://openalex.org/W4407570239","https://openalex.org/W4407571315","https://openalex.org/W4407573869","https://openalex.org/W4408140225","https://openalex.org/W4410036786","https://openalex.org/W4410122276","https://openalex.org/W4410375411","https://openalex.org/W4410494315","https://openalex.org/W4411458363","https://openalex.org/W4412162250","https://openalex.org/W4412348099","https://openalex.org/W4412894880","https://openalex.org/W4413116998","https://openalex.org/W4413308926","https://openalex.org/W4413915992","https://openalex.org/W4413932374","https://openalex.org/W4414156944","https://openalex.org/W4414223186","https://openalex.org/W4414348278","https://openalex.org/W4414565042","https://openalex.org/W4414596750","https://openalex.org/W4415622589","https://openalex.org/W4415649752","https://openalex.org/W4415675462","https://openalex.org/W4415678387","https://openalex.org/W4416365362","https://openalex.org/W4416390083","https://openalex.org/W4416926022","https://openalex.org/W4417214450"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2026-04-23T00:00:00"}
