{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4366689642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-026-02263-1","title":"Increasing cluster stability in vanet by candidate cluster head nomination algorithm","display_name":"Increasing cluster stability in vanet by candidate cluster head nomination algorithm","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4366689642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-026-02263-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12083-026-02263-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-026-02263-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12083-026-02263-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177487720","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications","issn_l":"1936-6442","issn":["1936-6442","1936-6450"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12083-026-02263-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022531582","display_name":"Mao\u2010Lun Chiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4422-8977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131948415","display_name":"National Taichung University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bgcav40","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131948415"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mao-Lun Chiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bachelor Degree Program of Artificial Intelligence, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 404336, Taiwan","National Taichung University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bachelor Degree Program of Artificial Intelligence, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 404336, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131948415"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taichung University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131948415"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016796490","display_name":"Hui-Ching Hsieh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195761179","display_name":"Hsing Wu University","ror":"https://ror.org/032hca325","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195761179"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hui-Ching Hsieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of New Media Communication, Hsing Wu University, New Taipei City, 244012, Taiwan","Hsing Wu University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of New Media Communication, Hsing Wu University, New Taipei City, 244012, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195761179"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hsing Wu University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195761179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010109073","display_name":"Wen-Chung Tsai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0699-0143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131948415","display_name":"National Taichung University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bgcav40","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131948415"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Chung Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ph.D. Program in Intelligent Engineering, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 404336, Taiwan","National Taichung University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ph.D. Program in Intelligent Engineering, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 404336, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131948415"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taichung University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131948415"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049014424","display_name":"Tzu-Ling Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131948415","display_name":"National Taichung University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bgcav40","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131948415"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tzu-Ling Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Management, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 404336, Taiwan","National Taichung University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Management, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 404336, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131948415"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taichung University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131948415"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088577590","display_name":"Yi-Hsin Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126145234","display_name":"Chaoyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xwksx09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Hsin Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, 413310, Taiwan","Chaoyang University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, 413310, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chaoyang University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016796490"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195761179"],"apc_list":{"value":3590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":{"value":3590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3590},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00046891,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7769407033920288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicular-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","score":0.7384300231933594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","score":0.7153030037879944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6744065284729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5646381974220276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5316603183746338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.5059937834739685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","score":0.49945712089538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.4657232463359833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4496484398841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.43272507190704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pruning","display_name":"Pruning","score":0.42989957332611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.383952796459198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3332158327102661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.16010242700576782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13537031412124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.11390286684036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.10558858513832092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.07313838601112366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7769407033920288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192448918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682677","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","level":4,"score":0.7384300231933594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91280400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.7153030037879944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6744065284729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5646381974220276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5316603183746338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.5059937834739685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.49945712089538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.4657232463359833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4496484398841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.43272507190704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108010975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500094","display_name":"Pruning","level":2,"score":0.42989957332611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.383952796459198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3332158327102661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.16010242700576782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13537031412124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.11390286684036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.10558858513832092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.07313838601112366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12083-026-02263-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-026-02263-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12083-026-02263-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177487720","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications","issn_l":"1936-6442","issn":["1936-6442","1936-6450"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2810188/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2810188/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2810188/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12083-026-02263-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-026-02263-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12083-026-02263-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177487720","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications","issn_l":"1936-6442","issn":["1936-6442","1936-6450"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4366689642.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4366689642.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964606336","https://openalex.org/W2001859461","https://openalex.org/W2003151772","https://openalex.org/W2104692292","https://openalex.org/W2105144880","https://openalex.org/W2114561044","https://openalex.org/W2337845997","https://openalex.org/W2554484716","https://openalex.org/W2739965243","https://openalex.org/W2749871135","https://openalex.org/W2884379941","https://openalex.org/W2891672556","https://openalex.org/W2917158300","https://openalex.org/W2992860123","https://openalex.org/W3002012633","https://openalex.org/W3008332522","https://openalex.org/W3009589525","https://openalex.org/W3033696223","https://openalex.org/W3097780295","https://openalex.org/W3127432172","https://openalex.org/W3134989974","https://openalex.org/W3209718200","https://openalex.org/W3211089035","https://openalex.org/W3217539601","https://openalex.org/W4206393462","https://openalex.org/W4212876392","https://openalex.org/W4229894356","https://openalex.org/W4246949166","https://openalex.org/W4292454833","https://openalex.org/W7071921968"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027636740","https://openalex.org/W3035283282","https://openalex.org/W1591014886","https://openalex.org/W2062688728","https://openalex.org/W2061231656","https://openalex.org/W2551975114","https://openalex.org/W4231650586","https://openalex.org/W1123412569","https://openalex.org/W2771454953","https://openalex.org/W2768875466"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"A":[1],"Vehicular":[2],"Ad":[3,13],"Hoc":[4,14],"Network":[5,15],"(VANET)":[6],"is":[7,179],"a":[8,34,40,46,105,128],"specialized":[9],"form":[10],"of":[11,43,136,160],"Mobile":[12],"(MANET)":[16],"that":[17,152],"incorporates":[18],"concepts":[19],"from":[20],"Intelligent":[21],"Transport":[22],"Systems":[23],"(ITS)":[24],"and":[25,76,90,96,197],"road":[26,92],"safety":[27],"applications.":[28],"Unlike":[29],"conventional":[30],"MANETs,":[31],"vehicles":[32,88,115],"in":[33,98,194],"VANET":[35,69],"are":[36,64],"required":[37],"to":[38,57,66,83,116,166,185],"exchange":[39],"significant":[41],"amount":[42],"data":[44],"within":[45],"constrained":[47],"time":[48],"frame":[49],"while":[50],"operating":[51],"at":[52],"high":[53],"speeds,":[54],"which":[55,113,132],"leads":[56],"frequent":[58],"network":[59],"instability.":[60],"Therefore,":[61,191],"clustering":[62],"methods":[63],"proposed":[65,154],"stabilize":[67],"the":[68,73,134,141,153,157,170],"environment.":[70],"However,":[71],"improving":[72],"routing":[74],"efficiency":[75],"reducing":[77],"message":[78,174,189],"overhead":[79,175],"remain":[80],"key":[81],"challenges":[82],"be":[84],"addressed.":[85],"To":[86],"help":[87],"receive":[89],"transmit":[91],"information":[93],"more":[94],"quickly":[95],"efficiently":[97],"high-speed":[99],"mobile":[100],"environment,":[101],"this":[102],"study":[103],"proposes":[104],"four-step":[106],"Candidate":[107],"Cluster":[108],"Head":[109],"Nomination":[110,143],"Algorithm":[111],"(CCHNA),":[112],"enables":[114],"communicate":[117],"with":[118,203],"others":[119],"based":[120],"on":[121],"specific":[122],"parameters.":[123,148],"The":[124],"algorithm":[125],"also":[126,180],"includes":[127],"CH":[129,142],"Pruning":[130],"Stage,":[131],"reduces":[133,156,199],"number":[135,159],"cluster":[137,161,171,177,204],"heads":[138,162],"generated":[139],"during":[140,176],"Stage":[144],"by":[145,163],"comparing":[146],"these":[147],"Experimental":[149],"results":[150,193],"show":[151],"CCHNA":[155,192],"average":[158],"1\u20133":[164],"compared":[165],"other":[167],"algorithms.":[168],"During":[169],"maintenance":[172],"stage,":[173],"reorganization":[178],"significantly":[181],"reduced,":[182],"achieving":[183],"up":[184],"six":[186],"times":[187],"fewer":[188,195],"exchanges.":[190],"clusters":[196],"considerably":[198],"communication":[200],"costs":[201],"associated":[202],"information.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}