{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3157480942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-021-01151-0","title":"Blockchain\u2013a promising solution to internet of things: A comprehensive analysis, opportunities, challenges and future research issues","display_name":"Blockchain\u2013a promising solution to internet of things: A comprehensive analysis, opportunities, challenges and future research issues","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3157480942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-021-01151-0","mag":"3157480942"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12083-021-01151-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-021-01151-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177487720","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications","issn_l":"1936-6442","issn":["1936-6442","1936-6450"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003663810","display_name":"Anup Kumar Paul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0538-1212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885507782","display_name":"East West University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p0tzt32","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anup Kumar Paul","raw_affiliation_strings":["East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0538-1212","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026614556","display_name":"Xin Qu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102928468","display_name":"Zheng Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9942-8431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003663810","https://openalex.org/A5026614556","https://openalex.org/A5102928468"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194","https://openalex.org/I885507782"],"apc_list":{"value":3590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9848,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88776075,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"5","first_page":"2926","last_page":"2951"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7295630574226379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5657240152359009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/currency","display_name":"Currency","score":0.5521687865257263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decentralization","display_name":"Decentralization","score":0.548265814781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-point-of-failure","display_name":"Single point of failure","score":0.5478687882423401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.5306022763252258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.5164242386817932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.4905516505241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.46517014503479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.44319701194763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.43971937894821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.35035693645477295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3246087431907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.13486701250076294}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7295630574226379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5657240152359009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141121606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8142","display_name":"Currency","level":2,"score":0.5521687865257263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136810230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188961","display_name":"Decentralization","level":2,"score":0.548265814781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165136773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363179","display_name":"Single point of failure","level":2,"score":0.5478687882423401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.5306022763252258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5164242386817932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.4905516505241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.46517014503479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.44319701194763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.43971937894821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.35035693645477295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3246087431907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.13486701250076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12083-021-01151-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-021-01151-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177487720","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications","issn_l":"1936-6442","issn":["1936-6442","1936-6450"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4482264345","display_name":"Blockchain-empowered Contact Tracing for COVID-19 Using Crypto-spatiotemporal Information","funder_award_id":"21K17737","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":149,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W106597222","https://openalex.org/W1520914943","https://openalex.org/W1553435762","https://openalex.org/W1600255172","https://openalex.org/W1795452496","https://openalex.org/W1844226267","https://openalex.org/W1909266099","https://openalex.org/W1966840275","https://openalex.org/W1969344535","https://openalex.org/W1976682245","https://openalex.org/W1988828201","https://openalex.org/W1993658504","https://openalex.org/W2004235835","https://openalex.org/W2005497978","https://openalex.org/W2023532542","https://openalex.org/W2034614068","https://openalex.org/W2041374101","https://openalex.org/W2048092462","https://openalex.org/W2054439668","https://openalex.org/W2056973119","https://openalex.org/W2082823623","https://openalex.org/W2093554356","https://openalex.org/W2104149471","https://openalex.org/W2110221314","https://openalex.org/W2124280970","https://openalex.org/W2126087831","https://openalex.org/W2128487895","https://openalex.org/W2137816628","https://openalex.org/W2138528159","https://openalex.org/W2139231522","https://openalex.org/W2158049821","https://openalex.org/W2160484939","https://openalex.org/W2164896250","https://openalex.org/W2206531137","https://openalex.org/W2234639732","https://openalex.org/W2241118198","https://openalex.org/W2263365646","https://openalex.org/W2277149566","https://openalex.org/W2290426788","https://openalex.org/W2335755599","https://openalex.org/W2338676105","https://openalex.org/W2392113277","https://openalex.org/W2397275348","https://openalex.org/W2408417311","https://openalex.org/W2470692419","https://openalex.org/W2486460265","https://openalex.org/W2501397028","https://openalex.org/W2507047339","https://openalex.org/W2508317201","https://openalex.org/W2511446761","https://openalex.org/W2517744317","https://openalex.org/W2519293460","https://openalex.org/W2523077978","https://openalex.org/W2529113503","https://openalex.org/W2539190473","https://openalex.org/W2541307573","https://openalex.org/W2546016631","https://openalex.org/W2553854225","https://openalex.org/W2557090183","https://openalex.org/W2561715741","https://openalex.org/W2573050643","https://openalex.org/W2588585573","https://openalex.org/W2596636257","https://openalex.org/W2598801365","https://openalex.org/W2602445533","https://openalex.org/W2604122668","https://openalex.org/W2604844934","https://openalex.org/W2605943641","https://openalex.org/W2606537796","https://openalex.org/W2611565958","https://openalex.org/W2611626082","https://openalex.org/W2612798110","https://openalex.org/W2620284884","https://openalex.org/W2624744148","https://openalex.org/W2624953603","https://openalex.org/W2728360598","https://openalex.org/W2731497859","https://openalex.org/W2732365592","https://openalex.org/W2741050278","https://openalex.org/W2741507511","https://openalex.org/W2746553616","https://openalex.org/W2752019525","https://openalex.org/W2753108002","https://openalex.org/W2757817063","https://openalex.org/W2762692271","https://openalex.org/W2763398287","https://openalex.org/W2765928069","https://openalex.org/W2766475308","https://openalex.org/W2768475350","https://openalex.org/W2768696376","https://openalex.org/W2769073236","https://openalex.org/W2771581950","https://openalex.org/W2771747728","https://openalex.org/W2784570452","https://openalex.org/W2788443451","https://openalex.org/W2788822833","https://openalex.org/W2792614546","https://openalex.org/W2793346081","https://openalex.org/W2795085730","https://openalex.org/W2798465692","https://openalex.org/W2802340657","https://openalex.org/W2803371618","https://openalex.org/W2805383889","https://openalex.org/W2805930283","https://openalex.org/W2807049179","https://openalex.org/W2809107162","https://openalex.org/W2885100636","https://openalex.org/W2891232238","https://openalex.org/W2892520153","https://openalex.org/W2896539749","https://openalex.org/W2896883851","https://openalex.org/W2897675500","https://openalex.org/W2899357412","https://openalex.org/W2899864612","https://openalex.org/W2900616489","https://openalex.org/W2901618220","https://openalex.org/W2904351506","https://openalex.org/W2911020079","https://openalex.org/W2911938583","https://openalex.org/W2940414764","https://openalex.org/W2947690458","https://openalex.org/W2951694401","https://openalex.org/W2952260178","https://openalex.org/W2954103930","https://openalex.org/W2958257718","https://openalex.org/W2963507231","https://openalex.org/W2967604605","https://openalex.org/W3002399415","https://openalex.org/W3008618218","https://openalex.org/W3017923279","https://openalex.org/W3022701522","https://openalex.org/W3034463634","https://openalex.org/W3088579369","https://openalex.org/W3091074232","https://openalex.org/W3092728260","https://openalex.org/W3097409240","https://openalex.org/W3101098008","https://openalex.org/W3111084717","https://openalex.org/W3114907930","https://openalex.org/W3117379804","https://openalex.org/W3119569744","https://openalex.org/W3119743239","https://openalex.org/W3123355411","https://openalex.org/W3129093981","https://openalex.org/W3133177552","https://openalex.org/W3135109547","https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W4242632192","https://openalex.org/W4250390143"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4289035754","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W3195581271"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}