{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155095331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12065-026-01190-7","title":"How do metaheuristics exploit? A particle-level behavioral study across the CEC 2025 benchmark functions","display_name":"How do metaheuristics exploit? A particle-level behavioral study across the CEC 2025 benchmark functions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155095331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12065-026-01190-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12065-026-01190-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12065-026-01190-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S182392644","display_name":"Evolutionary Intelligence","issn_l":"1864-5909","issn":["1864-5909","1864-5917"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evolutionary Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134157493","display_name":"Wulfran Fendzi Mbasso","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I85461943","display_name":"Saveetha University","ror":"https://ror.org/0034me914","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wulfran Fendzi Mbasso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering., Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai - 602 105, Chennai, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering., Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai - 602 105, Chennai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134177848","display_name":"Ambe Harrison","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146367977","display_name":"Applied Science Private University","ror":"https://ror.org/01ah6nb52","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146367977"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ambe Harrison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146367977"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134166506","display_name":"Zhe Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Penang 11800, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Penang 11800, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134140793","display_name":"Zokir Mamadiyarov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159709","display_name":"Termez State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05416zy49","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159709"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55383850","display_name":"Tashkent State University of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/029t9db68","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55383850"]}],"countries":["UZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zokir Mamadiyarov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bank Accounting and Auditing, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan","Department of Economics, Mamun University, Khiva, Uzbekistan","Department of Finance and Tourism, Termez University of Economics and Service, Termez, Uzbekistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bank Accounting and Auditing, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55383850"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Mamun University, Khiva, Uzbekistan","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Finance and Tourism, Termez University of Economics and Service, Termez, Uzbekistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159709"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068819042","display_name":"Saad F. Al\u2010Gahtani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7686-871X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saad F. Al-Gahtani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134199913","display_name":"Z. M. S. Elbarbary","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. M. S. Elbarbary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Engineering and Technology Innovations, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha , Saudi Arabia","Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Engineering and Technology Innovations, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha , Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5134157493"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94907118,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.7771000266075134,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.7771000266075134,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.15219999849796295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10963","display_name":"Advanced Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.012400000356137753,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2612","display_name":"Numerical Analysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.8041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.77920001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.6085000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suite","display_name":"Suite","score":0.6078000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tabu-search","display_name":"Tabu search","score":0.47760000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.40619999170303345}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.8041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.77920001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.6085000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79581498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367530","display_name":"Suite","level":2,"score":0.6078000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49540001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123370116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424540","display_name":"Tabu search","level":2,"score":0.47760000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.40619999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3917999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.37720000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135320971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868524","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","level":2,"score":0.352400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139143892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7441615","display_name":"Search-based software engineering","level":5,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164752517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5570875","display_name":"Global optimization","level":2,"score":0.2535000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12065-026-01190-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12065-026-01190-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S182392644","display_name":"Evolutionary Intelligence","issn_l":"1864-5909","issn":["1864-5909","1864-5917"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evolutionary Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1537972189","https://openalex.org/W1826421496","https://openalex.org/W2042253843","https://openalex.org/W2061438946","https://openalex.org/W2063016658","https://openalex.org/W2896189046","https://openalex.org/W2996992658","https://openalex.org/W4210783934","https://openalex.org/W4293660481","https://openalex.org/W4297540792","https://openalex.org/W4311497161","https://openalex.org/W4327945688","https://openalex.org/W4362724099","https://openalex.org/W4383751690","https://openalex.org/W4385075196","https://openalex.org/W4392816168","https://openalex.org/W4401756793","https://openalex.org/W4404669524","https://openalex.org/W4405944928","https://openalex.org/W4405986920","https://openalex.org/W4407191317","https://openalex.org/W4410756568","https://openalex.org/W4410844248","https://openalex.org/W4411188661","https://openalex.org/W4411877580","https://openalex.org/W4412153835"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-22T06:07:44.442478","created_date":"2026-04-22T00:00:00"}