{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323921019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-023-00387-z","title":"Evolutionary honing in and mutational replacement: how long-term directed mutational responses to specific environmental pressures are possible","display_name":"Evolutionary honing in and mutational replacement: how long-term directed mutational responses to specific environmental pressures are possible","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323921019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-023-00387-z","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36899155"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12064-023-00387-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-023-00387-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12064-023-00387-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12148721","display_name":"Theory in Biosciences","issn_l":"1431-7613","issn":["1431-7613","1611-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theory in Biosciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12064-023-00387-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000795098","display_name":"Adi Livnat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7304-8871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91203450","display_name":"University of Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f009v59","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adi Livnat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, 3498838, Haifa, Israel. alivnat@univ.haifa.ac.il","Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 3498838, Haifa, Israel. alivnat@univ.haifa.ac.il","Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, 3498838, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, 3498838, Haifa, Israel. alivnat@univ.haifa.ac.il","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 3498838, Haifa, Israel. alivnat@univ.haifa.ac.il","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, 3498838, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077915749","display_name":"Daniel R. Melamed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91203450","display_name":"University of Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f009v59","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Melamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, 3498838, Haifa, Israel","Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 3498838, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, 3498838, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 3498838, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000795098"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":0.7526,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71698682,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"142","issue":"2","first_page":"87","last_page":"105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10878","display_name":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10878","display_name":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10604","display_name":"RNA Research and Splicing","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-biology","display_name":"Philosophy of biology","score":0.7324812412261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.6223762035369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.6186044812202454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/honing","display_name":"Honing","score":0.5560436248779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-biology","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","score":0.46914926171302795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.437282532453537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.3445173501968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.10833698511123657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10504096746444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-science","display_name":"Philosophy of science","score":0.06686574220657349}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180182882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1028964","display_name":"Philosophy of biology","level":3,"score":0.7324812412261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6223762035369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.6186044812202454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776715399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944016","display_name":"Honing","level":2,"score":0.5560436248779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.46914926171302795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.437282532453537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3445173501968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.10833698511123657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10504096746444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110099512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59115","display_name":"Philosophy of science","level":2,"score":0.06686574220657349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016678","descriptor_name":"Genome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016678","descriptor_name":"Genome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016678","descriptor_name":"Genome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016678","descriptor_name":"Genome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055554","descriptor_name":"Hemoglobin Subunits","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055554","descriptor_name":"Hemoglobin Subunits","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055554","descriptor_name":"Hemoglobin Subunits","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055554","descriptor_name":"Hemoglobin Subunits","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12064-023-00387-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-023-00387-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12064-023-00387-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12148721","display_name":"Theory in Biosciences","issn_l":"1431-7613","issn":["1431-7613","1611-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theory in Biosciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36899155","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36899155","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theory in biosciences = Theorie in den Biowissenschaften","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10209271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10209271","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10209271/pdf/12064_2023_Article_387.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theory Biosci","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12064-023-00387-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-023-00387-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12064-023-00387-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12148721","display_name":"Theory in Biosciences","issn_l":"1431-7613","issn":["1431-7613","1611-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theory in Biosciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1772111907","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306193","funder_display_name":"John Templeton Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306193","display_name":"John Templeton Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/035tnyy05"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4323921019.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":163,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W229723928","https://openalex.org/W1504663309","https://openalex.org/W1523843460","https://openalex.org/W1529048149","https://openalex.org/W1540898082","https://openalex.org/W1546321732","https://openalex.org/W1566107011","https://openalex.org/W1578832578","https://openalex.org/W1594250287","https://openalex.org/W1816176398","https://openalex.org/W1829316027","https://openalex.org/W1885919887","https://openalex.org/W1929898721","https://openalex.org/W1964640891","https://openalex.org/W1965380434","https://openalex.org/W1968917541","https://openalex.org/W1970707135","https://openalex.org/W1971856828","https://openalex.org/W1980480427","https://openalex.org/W1981268965","https://openalex.org/W1984224524","https://openalex.org/W1984838528","https://openalex.org/W1986598003","https://openalex.org/W1991285543","https://openalex.org/W1993715180","https://openalex.org/W1995958102","https://openalex.org/W1996601092","https://openalex.org/W1998096945","https://openalex.org/W1998639983","https://openalex.org/W2001372713","https://openalex.org/W2004778468","https://openalex.org/W2008433579","https://openalex.org/W2009323997","https://openalex.org/W2010916267","https://openalex.org/W2012911917","https://openalex.org/W2025253353","https://openalex.org/W2027475699","https://openalex.org/W2027963144","https://openalex.org/W2028190503","https://openalex.org/W2030710966","https://openalex.org/W2031333605","https://openalex.org/W2032496688","https://openalex.org/W2034750475","https://openalex.org/W2036628602","https://openalex.org/W2036883783","https://openalex.org/W2042903453","https://openalex.org/W2043493891","https://openalex.org/W2043748488","https://openalex.org/W2044712627","https://openalex.org/W2048385131","https://openalex.org/W2048540261","https://openalex.org/W2055320236","https://openalex.org/W2055821541","https://openalex.org/W2056794922","https://openalex.org/W2057743071","https://openalex.org/W2060270119","https://openalex.org/W2060448494","https://openalex.org/W2062026173","https://openalex.org/W2062183687","https://openalex.org/W2062340389","https://openalex.org/W2062627059","https://openalex.org/W2064155145","https://openalex.org/W2064306519","https://openalex.org/W2070021921","https://openalex.org/W2072512428","https://openalex.org/W2072769067","https://openalex.org/W2073173653","https://openalex.org/W2074183834","https://openalex.org/W2076845646","https://openalex.org/W2085151059","https://openalex.org/W2094902224","https://openalex.org/W2098704509","https://openalex.org/W2100238259","https://openalex.org/W2100984579","https://openalex.org/W2102163928","https://openalex.org/W2103794982","https://openalex.org/W2104183222","https://openalex.org/W2105241705","https://openalex.org/W2106533942","https://openalex.org/W2114632170","https://openalex.org/W2115741580","https://openalex.org/W2117790117","https://openalex.org/W2128355851","https://openalex.org/W2139340685","https://openalex.org/W2139752884","https://openalex.org/W2141737373","https://openalex.org/W2142005366","https://openalex.org/W2144904664","https://openalex.org/W2148794854","https://openalex.org/W2149327430","https://openalex.org/W2150138226","https://openalex.org/W2154361947","https://openalex.org/W2154759645","https://openalex.org/W2155683990","https://openalex.org/W2157403755","https://openalex.org/W2157757704","https://openalex.org/W2158697080","https://openalex.org/W2163324218","https://openalex.org/W2163371087","https://openalex.org/W2163938152","https://openalex.org/W2166442485","https://openalex.org/W2166736284","https://openalex.org/W2167310289","https://openalex.org/W2167418617","https://openalex.org/W2167482501","https://openalex.org/W2170343590","https://openalex.org/W2170612945","https://openalex.org/W2171193618","https://openalex.org/W2180500077","https://openalex.org/W2201808132","https://openalex.org/W2257753490","https://openalex.org/W2290849670","https://openalex.org/W2325340915","https://openalex.org/W2329579426","https://openalex.org/W2332117589","https://openalex.org/W2417818445","https://openalex.org/W2499968409","https://openalex.org/W2544062746","https://openalex.org/W2581071829","https://openalex.org/W2581092012","https://openalex.org/W2594483978","https://openalex.org/W2694546118","https://openalex.org/W2732950170","https://openalex.org/W2743954317","https://openalex.org/W2756340032","https://openalex.org/W2791616873","https://openalex.org/W2883560622","https://openalex.org/W2891696188","https://openalex.org/W2900065583","https://openalex.org/W2921362401","https://openalex.org/W2944977287","https://openalex.org/W2950880409","https://openalex.org/W3000826358","https://openalex.org/W3005940519","https://openalex.org/W3009081996","https://openalex.org/W3020423908","https://openalex.org/W3080652879","https://openalex.org/W3135169426","https://openalex.org/W3136383753","https://openalex.org/W3137940060","https://openalex.org/W3168097770","https://openalex.org/W3201044384","https://openalex.org/W3214719193","https://openalex.org/W4205790736","https://openalex.org/W4207021716","https://openalex.org/W4220691904","https://openalex.org/W4229487902","https://openalex.org/W4229568525","https://openalex.org/W4230362492","https://openalex.org/W4230521646","https://openalex.org/W4235306896","https://openalex.org/W4244732212","https://openalex.org/W4249178293","https://openalex.org/W4249716979","https://openalex.org/W4251731575","https://openalex.org/W4256602267","https://openalex.org/W4289361794","https://openalex.org/W4297717908","https://openalex.org/W4299541734","https://openalex.org/W4300925890","https://openalex.org/W4311046868","https://openalex.org/W4321464525","https://openalex.org/W4388366620"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051545018","https://openalex.org/W2350174159","https://openalex.org/W4247461589","https://openalex.org/W1993098654","https://openalex.org/W2379925578","https://openalex.org/W1972275675","https://openalex.org/W2357671221","https://openalex.org/W2378967774","https://openalex.org/W2134229150","https://openalex.org/W2031713166"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"results":[1],"have":[2,58,73],"shown":[3],"that":[4,110,139,191,205,217,228],"the":[5,17,21,31,38,48,82,94,130,175,206],"human":[6],"malaria-resistant":[7],"hemoglobin":[8,32,49],"S":[9],"mutation":[10,46,183,194],"originates":[11],"de":[12],"novo":[13],"more":[14],"frequently":[15],"in":[16,20,30,47,54,124,165,174,201,250],"gene":[18,35,155,158],"and":[19,53,106,112,168,171,227,252],"population":[22],"where":[23],"it":[24,173],"is":[25],"of":[26,85,127,152,178,182,193,208],"adaptive":[27],"significance,":[28],"namely,":[29],"subunit":[33,50],"beta":[34],"compared":[36,68],"to":[37,61,69,81,98,108,142,198,233,243],"nonresistant":[39],"but":[40],"otherwise":[41],"identical":[42],"20A[Formula:":[43],"see":[44,162],"text]T":[45],"delta":[51],"gene,":[52],"sub-Saharan":[55],"Africans,":[56],"who":[57,72],"been":[59],"subject":[60],"intense":[62],"malarial":[63],"pressure":[64],"for":[65,129],"many":[66],"generations,":[67],"northern":[70],"Europeans,":[71],"not.":[74],"This":[75],"finding":[76,92],"raises":[77],"a":[78,179],"fundamental":[79],"challenge":[80],"traditional":[83],"notion":[84],"accidental":[86],"mutation.":[87],"Here,":[88],"we":[89],"address":[90],"this":[91,147],"with":[93],"replacement":[95],"hypothesis,":[96],"according":[97],"which":[99,135],"preexisting":[100],"genetic":[101],"interactions":[102,126],"can":[103,121],"lead":[104],"directly":[105],"mechanistically":[107],"mutations":[109,137,164],"simplify":[111],"replace":[113],"them.":[114],"Thus,":[115],"an":[116],"evolutionary":[117],"process":[118],"under":[119],"selection":[120],"gradually":[122],"hone":[123],"on":[125],"importance":[128],"currently":[131],"evolving":[132],"adaptations,":[133],"from":[134],"large-effect":[136],"follow":[138],"are":[140,237],"relevant":[141],"these":[143],"adaptations.":[144],"We":[145],"exemplify":[146],"hypothesis":[148],"using":[149],"multiple":[150],"types":[151],"mutation,":[153],"including":[154],"fusion":[156],"mutations,":[157,160,170],"duplication":[159],"A[Formula:":[161],"text]G":[163],"RNA-edited":[166],"sites":[167],"transcription-associated":[169],"place":[172],"broader":[176],"context":[177],"system-level":[180],"view":[181],"origination":[184],"called":[185],"interaction-based":[186],"evolution.":[187],"Potential":[188],"consequences":[189],"include":[190],"similarity":[192],"pressures":[195,236],"may":[196,211,221],"contribute":[197],"parallel":[199],"evolution":[200,207],"genetically":[202],"related":[203],"species,":[204],"genome":[209],"organization":[210],"be":[212,223,244],"driven":[213],"by":[214,225,247],"mutational":[215,231,240],"mechanisms,":[216],"transposable":[218],"element":[219],"movements":[220],"also":[222],"explained":[224],"replacement,":[226],"long-term":[229],"directed":[230],"responses":[232],"specific":[234],"environmental":[235],"possible.":[238],"Such":[239],"phenomena":[241],"need":[242],"further":[245],"tested":[246],"future":[248],"studies":[249],"natural":[251],"artificial":[253],"settings.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
