{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2408576896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-016-0229-7","title":"Defining and simulating open-ended novelty: requirements, guidelines, and challenges","display_name":"Defining and simulating open-ended novelty: requirements, guidelines, and challenges","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2408576896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-016-0229-7","mag":"2408576896","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27194550"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12064-016-0229-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-016-0229-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12148721","display_name":"Theory in Biosciences","issn_l":"1431-7613","issn":["1431-7613","1611-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theory in Biosciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004837138","display_name":"Wolfgang Banzhaf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6382-3245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Banzhaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada. banzhaf@mun.ca","MUN - Memorial University of Newfoundland = Universit\u00e9 Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (St. John's, NL A1B 3X5 Canada - Canada)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada. banzhaf@mun.ca","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MUN - Memorial University of Newfoundland = Universit\u00e9 Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (St. John's, NL A1B 3X5 Canada - Canada)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083878966","display_name":"Bert Baumgaertner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8803-4771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155093810","display_name":"University of Idaho","ror":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bert Baumgaertner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Philosophy and Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844-3051, USA","IBEST - Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies [Moscow] (875 Perimeter Drive MS 3051\r\nMoscow, ID 83843-3051 - United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy and Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844-3051, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBEST - Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies [Moscow] (875 Perimeter Drive MS 3051\r\nMoscow, ID 83843-3051 - United States)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041639459","display_name":"Guillaume Beslon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8562-0732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100532134","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1","ror":"https://ror.org/029brtt94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I203339264"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1326498283","display_name":"Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du num\u00e9rique","ror":"https://ror.org/02kvxyf05","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129159","display_name":"Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Adaptation et Pathog\u00e9nie","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3f6k20","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I4210096427","https://openalex.org/I4210129159","https://openalex.org/I4210166400","https://openalex.org/I48430043","https://openalex.org/I67348948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155607","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique en Images et Syst\u00e8mes d'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04dv4he91","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I112936343","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I188626449","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I4210155607","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guillaume Beslon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, INRIA Beagle, CNRS LIRIS UMR5205, Villeurbanne , France","LIRIS - Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Syst\u00e8mes d'information (B\u00e2timent Blaise Pascal - 20, avenue Albert Einstein - 69621 Villeurbanne cedex - France)","BEAGLE - Artificial Evolution and Computational Biology (Antenne INRIA Lyon la Doua B\u00e2timent CEI-1 66 Boulevard Niels Bohr 69603 Villeurbanne - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, INRIA Beagle, CNRS LIRIS UMR5205, Villeurbanne , France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155607","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIRIS - Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Syst\u00e8mes d'information (B\u00e2timent Blaise Pascal - 20, avenue Albert Einstein - 69621 Villeurbanne cedex - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155607"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BEAGLE - Artificial Evolution and Computational Biology (Antenne INRIA Lyon la Doua B\u00e2timent CEI-1 66 Boulevard Niels Bohr 69603 Villeurbanne - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129159","https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010626031","display_name":"Ren\u00e9 Doursat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6682-4887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089785","display_name":"Institut des sciences de la communication","ror":"https://ror.org/00801j392","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210089785","https://openalex.org/I4210127448","https://openalex.org/I4210139971"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127056","display_name":"Laboratoire Mati\u00e8re et Syst\u00e8mes Complexes","ror":"https://ror.org/032w6q449","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210127056"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158426","display_name":"Biog\u00e9osciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04mzqjs78","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I159885104","https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I4210107625","https://openalex.org/I4210158426","https://openalex.org/I4405253280"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ren\u00e9 Doursat","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioEmergences Lab, CNRS USR3695, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF), CNRS UPS3611, Paris, France","BioEmergences (B\u00e2timent 32, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette - France)","RNSC - R\u00e9seau National des Syst\u00e8mes Complexes (57-59 rue Lhomond, Paris 75005 - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioEmergences Lab, CNRS USR3695, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158426","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF), CNRS UPS3611, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089785","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioEmergences (B\u00e2timent 32, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette - France)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RNSC - R\u00e9seau National des Syst\u00e8mes Complexes (57-59 rue Lhomond, Paris 75005 - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061637086","display_name":"James A. Foster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6770-6521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155093810","display_name":"University of Idaho","ror":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James A. Foster","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, and Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844-3051, USA","IBEST - Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies [Moscow] (875 Perimeter Drive MS 3051\r\nMoscow, ID 83843-3051 - United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, and Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844-3051, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBEST - Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies [Moscow] (875 Perimeter Drive MS 3051\r\nMoscow, ID 83843-3051 - United States)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052239696","display_name":"Barry McMullin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5789-2068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42934936","display_name":"Dublin City University","ror":"https://ror.org/04a1a1e81","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I42934936"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barry McMullin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland","DCU - Dublin City University [Dublin] (Glanevin, Dublin 9 - Ireland)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42934936"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DCU - Dublin City University [Dublin] (Glanevin, Dublin 9 - Ireland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42934936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031032375","display_name":"Vin\u00edcius Veloso de Melo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7507-1685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinicius Veloso de Melo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada","MUN - Memorial University of Newfoundland = Universit\u00e9 Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (St. John's, NL A1B 3X5 Canada - Canada)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MUN - Memorial University of Newfoundland = Universit\u00e9 Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (St. John's, NL A1B 3X5 Canada - Canada)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076867146","display_name":"Thomas Miconi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7897-4492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186667990","display_name":"Neurosciences Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0460vf117","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186667990"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Miconi","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Neurosciences Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA","The Neurosciences Institute [San Diego] (800 Silverado Street, Suite 302\r\nLa Jolla, San Diego, California 92037-4234 - United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Neurosciences Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186667990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Neurosciences Institute [San Diego] (800 Silverado Street, Suite 302\r\nLa Jolla, San Diego, California 92037-4234 - United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186667990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044142640","display_name":"Lee Spector","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5299-4797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177605424","display_name":"Amherst College","ror":"https://ror.org/028vqfs63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177605424"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47631775","display_name":"Hampshire College","ror":"https://ror.org/03pe1mm80","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47631775"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee Spector","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cognitive Science, Hampshire College, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA","School of Cognitive Science [Amherst] (893 West Street\r\nAmherst, MA 01002 - United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitive Science, Hampshire College, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47631775"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cognitive Science [Amherst] (893 West Street\r\nAmherst, MA 01002 - United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177605424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031800049","display_name":"Susan Stepney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-5401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan Stepney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, and York Centre for Complex Systems Analysis, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK","University of York [York, UK] (Heslington, York, YO10 5DD - United Kingdom)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, and York Centre for Complex Systems Analysis, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York [York, UK] (Heslington, York, YO10 5DD - United Kingdom)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062684297","display_name":"Roger White","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6998-3725"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roger White","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada","MUN - Memorial University of Newfoundland = Universit\u00e9 Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (St. John's, NL A1B 3X5 Canada - Canada)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MUN - Memorial University of Newfoundland = Universit\u00e9 Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (St. John's, NL A1B 3X5 Canada - Canada)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":33.1702,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":91,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99553047,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"135","issue":"3","first_page":"131","last_page":"161"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9542999863624573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/novelty","display_name":"Novelty","score":0.9684736728668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7294514775276184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-biology","display_name":"Philosophy of biology","score":0.5099748373031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variation","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","score":0.4978504180908203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.46342265605926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.42536067962646484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3639301061630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.33787763118743896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3209589123725891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.11772310733795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07205304503440857}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778738651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16546687","display_name":"Novelty","level":2,"score":0.9684736728668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7294514775276184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180182882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1028964","display_name":"Philosophy of biology","level":3,"score":0.5099748373031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.4978504180908203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.46342265605926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.42536067962646484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3639301061630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.33787763118743896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3209589123725891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.11772310733795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07205304503440857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110099512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59115","display_name":"Philosophy of science","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001695","descriptor_name":"Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001695","descriptor_name":"Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001695","descriptor_name":"Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013598","descriptor_name":"Systems Theory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013598","descriptor_name":"Systems Theory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013598","descriptor_name":"Systems Theory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12064-016-0229-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-016-0229-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12148721","display_name":"Theory in Biosciences","issn_l":"1431-7613","issn":["1431-7613","1611-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theory in Biosciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:27194550","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27194550","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theory in biosciences = Theorie in den Biowissenschaften","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:e-space.mmu.ac.uk:615007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01323108v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-01323108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theorie in den Biowissenschaften / Theory in Biosciences, 2016, &#x27E8;10.1007/s12064-016-0229-7&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2215855923","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNPq Grant 486950/2013-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321178","funder_display_name":"Governo Brasil"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5274387735","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CAPES 12180-13-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321178","funder_display_name":"Governo Brasil"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G572626316","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN 283304-2012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7422149563","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1129139 and 1331283","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321178","display_name":"Governo Brasil","ror":"https://ror.org/00n0s9w57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":123,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30849644","https://openalex.org/W338929813","https://openalex.org/W346300821","https://openalex.org/W380289026","https://openalex.org/W629021573","https://openalex.org/W643863419","https://openalex.org/W1497256448","https://openalex.org/W1507468126","https://openalex.org/W1514601905","https://openalex.org/W1519769159","https://openalex.org/W1522541236","https://openalex.org/W1526993786","https://openalex.org/W1533696952","https://openalex.org/W1547955769","https://openalex.org/W1556913189","https://openalex.org/W1569757501","https://openalex.org/W1578587570","https://openalex.org/W1600692110","https://openalex.org/W1601516317","https://openalex.org/W1639032689","https://openalex.org/W1668408127","https://openalex.org/W1765868291","https://openalex.org/W1776403092","https://openalex.org/W1964182731","https://openalex.org/W1967849074","https://openalex.org/W1969005071","https://openalex.org/W1969548085","https://openalex.org/W1969617450","https://openalex.org/W1974553906","https://openalex.org/W1978429135","https://openalex.org/W1989068315","https://openalex.org/W1997478924","https://openalex.org/W1998612766","https://openalex.org/W1999813617","https://openalex.org/W2000214985","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2018259456","https://openalex.org/W2019363670","https://openalex.org/W2031581341","https://openalex.org/W2032970517","https://openalex.org/W2035791902","https://openalex.org/W2036265926","https://openalex.org/W2037463928","https://openalex.org/W2037469541","https://openalex.org/W2045033949","https://openalex.org/W2045391589","https://openalex.org/W2053464832","https://openalex.org/W2056414301","https://openalex.org/W2059270575","https://openalex.org/W2062858897","https://openalex.org/W2066356146","https://openalex.org/W2068988426","https://openalex.org/W2070783600","https://openalex.org/W2071952329","https://openalex.org/W2082731642","https://openalex.org/W2084013824","https://openalex.org/W2089114542","https://openalex.org/W2089381994","https://openalex.org/W2092604303","https://openalex.org/W2098428026","https://openalex.org/W2107109285","https://openalex.org/W2112337152","https://openalex.org/W2113422929","https://openalex.org/W2117832390","https://openalex.org/W2118206155","https://openalex.org/W2118708873","https://openalex.org/W2119406157","https://openalex.org/W2120289437","https://openalex.org/W2124479173","https://openalex.org/W2125495920","https://openalex.org/W2125673923","https://openalex.org/W2126160338","https://openalex.org/W2130369644","https://openalex.org/W2130985117","https://openalex.org/W2136414484","https://openalex.org/W2140142846","https://openalex.org/W2140274510","https://openalex.org/W2141815990","https://openalex.org/W2145175905","https://openalex.org/W2145600675","https://openalex.org/W2150312211","https://openalex.org/W2151083897","https://openalex.org/W2152986532","https://openalex.org/W2156597356","https://openalex.org/W2158225543","https://openalex.org/W2160653514","https://openalex.org/W2161585316","https://openalex.org/W2162639842","https://openalex.org/W2163774451","https://openalex.org/W2164486285","https://openalex.org/W2166503214","https://openalex.org/W2166948331","https://openalex.org/W2168315847","https://openalex.org/W2175791252","https://openalex.org/W2180641318","https://openalex.org/W2185516849","https://openalex.org/W2193459987","https://openalex.org/W2315240907","https://openalex.org/W2323777246","https://openalex.org/W2325018647","https://openalex.org/W2395987098","https://openalex.org/W2401610261","https://openalex.org/W2402788978","https://openalex.org/W2481719906","https://openalex.org/W2501006947","https://openalex.org/W2734424168","https://openalex.org/W3023540311","https://openalex.org/W3092040603","https://openalex.org/W3099138195","https://openalex.org/W3141316455","https://openalex.org/W3149604617","https://openalex.org/W4211255591","https://openalex.org/W4214712508","https://openalex.org/W4229491797","https://openalex.org/W4232277851","https://openalex.org/W4234406933","https://openalex.org/W4238118432","https://openalex.org/W4238753141","https://openalex.org/W4238893454","https://openalex.org/W4243099941","https://openalex.org/W4246666761","https://openalex.org/W4251619810","https://openalex.org/W4253806443"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381242807","https://openalex.org/W3126131230","https://openalex.org/W2347541121","https://openalex.org/W2080951048","https://openalex.org/W4288804799","https://openalex.org/W3032237421","https://openalex.org/W2390346111","https://openalex.org/W3011883280","https://openalex.org/W2369082698","https://openalex.org/W2401808953"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
