{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004884668","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12021-008-9032-z","title":"The NIFSTD and BIRNLex Vocabularies: Building Comprehensive Ontologies for Neuroscience","display_name":"The NIFSTD and BIRNLex Vocabularies: Building Comprehensive Ontologies for Neuroscience","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004884668","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12021-008-9032-z","mag":"2004884668","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18975148"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12021-008-9032-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12021-008-9032-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12021-008-9032-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3444786","display_name":"Neuroinformatics","issn_l":"1539-2791","issn":["1539-2791","1559-0089"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuroinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12021-008-9032-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021381221","display_name":"William Bug","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160856358","display_name":"University of San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/03jbbze48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160856358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William J. Bug","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093-0446, USA","Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093-0446, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160856358","https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087672831","display_name":"Giorgio A. Ascoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0964-676X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40036882","display_name":"Institute for Advanced Study","ror":"https://ror.org/00f809463","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40036882"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giorgio A. Ascoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631","https://openalex.org/I40036882"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076014872","display_name":"Jeffrey S. Grethe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5212-7052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey S. Grethe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057846313","display_name":"Amarnath Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0897-120X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181653535","display_name":"San Diego Supercomputer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04mg3nk07","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181653535","https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amarnath Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181653535","https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013734687","display_name":"Christine Fennema\u2010Notestine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6527-6361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christine Fennema-Notestine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA","Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047405979","display_name":"Angela R. Laird","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3379-8744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165951966","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165951966","https://openalex.org/I45438204"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123128","display_name":"Center for Neurosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03b5vk392","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123128"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angela R. Laird","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Neural Informatics, Structure, and Plasticity and Molecular Neuroscience Department, San Antonio, TX, USA","Research Imaging Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Neural Informatics, Structure, and Plasticity and Molecular Neuroscience Department, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123128"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Imaging Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165951966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056393081","display_name":"Stephen Larson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5397-6208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen D. Larson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093-0446, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093-0446, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004965117","display_name":"Daniel L. Rubin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5057-4369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Rubin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Biomedical Informatics Research and Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Biomedical Informatics Research and Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107002298","display_name":"Gordon M. Shepherd","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gordon M. Shepherd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Medical Informatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Medical Informatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005182829","display_name":"Jessica A. Turner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0076-8434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jessica A. Turner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061037631","display_name":"Maryann E. Martone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8406-3871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maryann E. Martone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093-0446, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093-0446, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061037631"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":{"value":4190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4190},"apc_paid":{"value":4190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4190},"fwci":7.1483,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":162,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97871342,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"175","last_page":"194"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9560999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroinformatics","display_name":"Neuroinformatics","score":0.8282496929168701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7588814496994019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.6590771079063416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminology","display_name":"Terminology","score":0.6145510077476501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5394289493560791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.4982025623321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.46128883957862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-resource","display_name":"Web resource","score":0.44477295875549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-biomedical-ontologies","display_name":"Open Biomedical Ontologies","score":0.42492786049842834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.37241047620773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.345339834690094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-web","display_name":"Semantic Web","score":0.30908215045928955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-ontology","display_name":"Process ontology","score":0.25160086154937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suggested-upper-merged-ontology","display_name":"Suggested Upper Merged Ontology","score":0.110979825258255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.10778775811195374}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205427263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931480","display_name":"Neuroinformatics","level":2,"score":0.8282496929168701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7588814496994019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.6590771079063416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.6145510077476501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5394289493560791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.4982025623321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.46128883957862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65603577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3427877","display_name":"Web resource","level":2,"score":0.44477295875549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137982476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7072326","display_name":"Open Biomedical Ontologies","level":5,"score":0.42492786049842834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.37241047620773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.345339834690094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.30908215045928955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137003198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247296","display_name":"Process ontology","level":3,"score":0.25160086154937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50971890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7635093","display_name":"Suggested Upper Merged Ontology","level":4,"score":0.110979825258255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.10778775811195374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000046","descriptor_name":"Academic Medical Centers","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000046","descriptor_name":"Academic Medical Centers","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000046","descriptor_name":"Academic Medical Centers","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000046","descriptor_name":"Academic Medical Centers","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000046","descriptor_name":"Academic Medical Centers","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000046","descriptor_name":"Academic Medical Centers","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000046","descriptor_name":"Academic Medical Centers","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000046","descriptor_name":"Academic Medical Centers","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009445","descriptor_name":"Neuroanatomy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009445","descriptor_name":"Neuroanatomy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009445","descriptor_name":"Neuroanatomy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009445","descriptor_name":"Neuroanatomy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009445","descriptor_name":"Neuroanatomy","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009445","descriptor_name":"Neuroanatomy","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009445","descriptor_name":"Neuroanatomy","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009445","descriptor_name":"Neuroanatomy","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009488","descriptor_name":"Neurosciences","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009488","descriptor_name":"Neurosciences","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009488","descriptor_name":"Neurosciences","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009488","descriptor_name":"Neurosciences","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009488","descriptor_name":"Neurosciences","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009488","descriptor_name":"Neurosciences","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009488","descriptor_name":"Neurosciences","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009488","descriptor_name":"Neurosciences","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009626","descriptor_name":"Terminology as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009626","descriptor_name":"Terminology as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009626","descriptor_name":"Terminology as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009626","descriptor_name":"Terminology as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015201","descriptor_name":"Meta-Analysis as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015201","descriptor_name":"Meta-Analysis as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015201","descriptor_name":"Meta-Analysis as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015201","descriptor_name":"Meta-Analysis as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018875","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary, Controlled","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018875","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary, Controlled","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018875","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary, Controlled","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018875","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary, Controlled","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12021-008-9032-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12021-008-9032-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12021-008-9032-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3444786","display_name":"Neuroinformatics","issn_l":"1539-2791","issn":["1539-2791","1559-0089"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuroinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18975148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18975148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuroinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2743139","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2743139","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Neuroinformatics","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12021-008-9032-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12021-008-9032-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12021-008-9032-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3444786","display_name":"Neuroinformatics","issn_l":"1539-2791","issn":["1539-2791","1559-0089"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuroinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1352919616","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HG004028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1817308166","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24-RR021382","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1857259337","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U54 HG004028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2005503442","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HHSN271200577531C","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2101374638","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24-RR021992","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2150137987","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24 RR021992","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2225135173","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U54 HG004028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337348","funder_display_name":"National Human Genome Research Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4426279430","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24 RR019701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5362984071","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24-RR021760","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5428086508","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24-RR021992","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7026153917","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24 RR021760","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7774539619","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24-RR019701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8234376252","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24 RR021382","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306085","display_name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","ror":"https://ror.org/033jnv181"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337348","display_name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00baak391"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337385","display_name":"NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research","ror":"https://ror.org/012wp4251"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2004884668.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2004884668.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W138612281","https://openalex.org/W170252093","https://openalex.org/W282310047","https://openalex.org/W1501546233","https://openalex.org/W1517553477","https://openalex.org/W1527927437","https://openalex.org/W1561669474","https://openalex.org/W1570028176","https://openalex.org/W1836367264","https://openalex.org/W1971098996","https://openalex.org/W1974519458","https://openalex.org/W1975942563","https://openalex.org/W1982251099","https://openalex.org/W2019164398","https://openalex.org/W2033388874","https://openalex.org/W2047784262","https://openalex.org/W2058660484","https://openalex.org/W2061186544","https://openalex.org/W2062450961","https://openalex.org/W2076826881","https://openalex.org/W2077395247","https://openalex.org/W2077509789","https://openalex.org/W2093517881","https://openalex.org/W2098906161","https://openalex.org/W2103017472","https://openalex.org/W2103260426","https://openalex.org/W2103860767","https://openalex.org/W2106607972","https://openalex.org/W2107751776","https://openalex.org/W2113142309","https://openalex.org/W2121345058","https://openalex.org/W2123171788","https://openalex.org/W2124991490","https://openalex.org/W2136465047","https://openalex.org/W2138173706","https://openalex.org/W2145258036","https://openalex.org/W2147571311","https://openalex.org/W2149032553","https://openalex.org/W2153822662","https://openalex.org/W2154829072","https://openalex.org/W2169924903","https://openalex.org/W2171756360","https://openalex.org/W2180180358","https://openalex.org/W2467331991","https://openalex.org/W2555756618","https://openalex.org/W2759706390","https://openalex.org/W4243074427","https://openalex.org/W4254202750","https://openalex.org/W6638701661","https://openalex.org/W7036897457"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997225928","https://openalex.org/W4252762947","https://openalex.org/W2085671670","https://openalex.org/W2053925947","https://openalex.org/W1993597101","https://openalex.org/W2367515829","https://openalex.org/W2405721538","https://openalex.org/W4231559661","https://openalex.org/W2119388581","https://openalex.org/W2048644660"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"critical":[1],"component":[2],"of":[3,61,77,89,128,196,220,236],"the":[4,22,38,42,69,90,114,124,136,150,168,173,218,221,227],"Neuroscience":[5],"Information":[6],"Framework":[7],"(NIF)":[8],"project":[9],"is":[10,147],"a":[11,28,45,58,74,120,126,192,206],"consistent,":[12,86],"flexible":[13],"terminology":[14],"for":[15,27,33,44,49,198],"describing":[16,34],"and":[17,56,203,212,223,233],"retrieving":[18],"neuroscience-relevant":[19],"resources.":[20,181],"Although":[21],"original":[23],"NIF":[24,39,70,180,199],"specification":[25],"called":[26],"loosely":[29],"structured":[30,47],"controlled":[31],"vocabulary":[32,188],"neuroscience":[35,50,79,97,115],"resources,":[36],"as":[37,104,106,157],"system":[40],"evolved,":[41],"requirement":[43,66],"formally":[46],"ontology":[48],"with":[51],"sufficient":[52],"granularity":[53],"to":[54,68,95,178],"describe":[55,96],"access":[57],"diverse":[59],"collection":[60,76],"information":[62,200],"became":[63],"obvious.":[64],"This":[65],"led":[67],"standardized":[71],"(NIFSTD)":[72],"ontology,":[73],"comprehensive":[75],"common":[78],"domain":[80,145],"terminologies":[81],"woven":[82],"into":[83],"an":[84,186],"ontologically":[85],"unified":[87],"representation":[88],"biomedical":[91,170],"domains":[92],"typically":[93],"used":[94],"data":[98],"(e.g.,":[99],"anatomy,":[100],"cell":[101],"types,":[102],"techniques),":[103],"well":[105],"digital":[107],"resources":[108],"(tools,":[109],"databases)":[110],"being":[111],"created":[112],"throughout":[113],"community.":[116],"NIFSTD":[117,161],"builds":[118],"upon":[119],"structure":[121,219],"established":[122],"by":[123,135],"BIRNLex,":[125,226],"lexicon":[127],"concepts":[129,176],"covering":[130],"clinical":[131],"neuroimaging":[132],"research":[133],"developed":[134],"Biomedical":[137],"Informatics":[138],"Research":[139],"Network":[140],"(BIRN)":[141],"project.":[142],"Each":[143],"distinct":[144],"module":[146],"represented":[148],"using":[149],"Web":[151],"Ontology":[152],"Language":[153],"(OWL).":[154],"As":[155],"much":[156],"has":[158],"been":[159],"practical,":[160],"reuses":[162],"existing":[163],"community":[164],"ontologies":[165],"that":[166,208],"cover":[167],"required":[169,177],"domains,":[171],"building":[172],"more":[174],"specific":[175],"annotate":[179],"By":[182],"following":[183],"this":[184],"principle,":[185],"extensive":[187],"was":[189],"assembled":[190],"in":[191,205,230],"relatively":[193],"short":[194],"period":[195],"time":[197],"annotation,":[201],"organization,":[202],"retrieval,":[204],"form":[207],"promotes":[209],"easy":[210],"extension":[211],"modification.":[213],"We":[214],"report":[215],"here":[216],"on":[217],"NIFSTD,":[222],"its":[224,231,237],"predecessor":[225],"principles":[228],"followed":[229],"construction":[232],"provide":[234],"examples":[235],"use":[238],"within":[239],"NIF.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":26}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
