{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408972976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-025-00532-5","title":"Artefacts of Change: The Disruptive Nature of Humanoid Robots Beyond Classificatory Concerns","display_name":"Artefacts of Change: The Disruptive Nature of Humanoid Robots Beyond Classificatory Concerns","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408972976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-025-00532-5","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40153079"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11948-025-00532-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-025-00532-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11948-025-00532-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14881475","display_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","issn_l":"1353-3452","issn":["1353-3452","1471-5546"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11948-025-00532-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061588670","display_name":"Cindy Friedman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4901-9680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cindy Friedman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, Utrecht University, Janskerkhof 13, Utrecht, 3512 BL, The Netherlands. c.friedman@uu.nl","Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, Utrecht University, Janskerkhof 13, Utrecht, 3512 BL, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4901-9680","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, Utrecht University, Janskerkhof 13, Utrecht, 3512 BL, The Netherlands. c.friedman@uu.nl","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, Utrecht University, Janskerkhof 13, Utrecht, 3512 BL, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061588670"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":3.6488,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92166584,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"2","first_page":"9","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-science","display_name":"Philosophy of science","score":0.8130539059638977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humanoid-robot","display_name":"Humanoid robot","score":0.5765908360481262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.4697715938091278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37702155113220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-ethics","display_name":"Engineering ethics","score":0.35778117179870605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.3441239595413208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.34350690245628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29452261328697205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24321824312210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.19480478763580322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110099512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59115","display_name":"Philosophy of science","level":2,"score":0.8130539059638977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60692881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584529","display_name":"Humanoid robot","level":3,"score":0.5765908360481262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.4697715938091278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37702155113220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.35778117179870605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3441239595413208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.34350690245628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29452261328697205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24321824312210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.19480478763580322}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012922","descriptor_name":"Social Change","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012922","descriptor_name":"Social Change","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012922","descriptor_name":"Social Change","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035501","descriptor_name":"Uncertainty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035501","descriptor_name":"Uncertainty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035501","descriptor_name":"Uncertainty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035501","descriptor_name":"Uncertainty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035501","descriptor_name":"Uncertainty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035501","descriptor_name":"Uncertainty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035501","descriptor_name":"Uncertainty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035501","descriptor_name":"Uncertainty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11948-025-00532-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-025-00532-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11948-025-00532-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14881475","display_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","issn_l":"1353-3452","issn":["1353-3452","1471-5546"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40153079","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40153079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science and engineering ethics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11953219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11953219","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11953219/pdf/11948_2025_Article_532.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sci Eng Ethics","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11948-025-00532-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-025-00532-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11948-025-00532-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14881475","display_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","issn_l":"1353-3452","issn":["1353-3452","1471-5546"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1639343808","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"024.004.031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321799","funder_display_name":"Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4103355609","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"024.004.031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321799","display_name":"Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap","ror":"https://ror.org/02x3w5g21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408972976.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13122474","https://openalex.org/W175184045","https://openalex.org/W1561130515","https://openalex.org/W1892502720","https://openalex.org/W1991015565","https://openalex.org/W2003227152","https://openalex.org/W2032160998","https://openalex.org/W2049480502","https://openalex.org/W2065001769","https://openalex.org/W2076869047","https://openalex.org/W2094251476","https://openalex.org/W2095953405","https://openalex.org/W2106175837","https://openalex.org/W2116547831","https://openalex.org/W2152536828","https://openalex.org/W2162085396","https://openalex.org/W2173820309","https://openalex.org/W2287125540","https://openalex.org/W2304108689","https://openalex.org/W2330152664","https://openalex.org/W2468343942","https://openalex.org/W2504868009","https://openalex.org/W2620573635","https://openalex.org/W2769970021","https://openalex.org/W2791549227","https://openalex.org/W2803912669","https://openalex.org/W2811140736","https://openalex.org/W2888558290","https://openalex.org/W2891334849","https://openalex.org/W2946798032","https://openalex.org/W2951503759","https://openalex.org/W2992771879","https://openalex.org/W3007230393","https://openalex.org/W3033952682","https://openalex.org/W3034846968","https://openalex.org/W3041361186","https://openalex.org/W3080181123","https://openalex.org/W3113176588","https://openalex.org/W3114829199","https://openalex.org/W3155966861","https://openalex.org/W3163428404","https://openalex.org/W3164664996","https://openalex.org/W3184134349","https://openalex.org/W3198531868","https://openalex.org/W3202420604","https://openalex.org/W4205677961","https://openalex.org/W4210605826","https://openalex.org/W4212976697","https://openalex.org/W4226530605","https://openalex.org/W4233329649","https://openalex.org/W4250532101","https://openalex.org/W4251136349","https://openalex.org/W4251512016","https://openalex.org/W4254670259","https://openalex.org/W4283167541","https://openalex.org/W4285201874","https://openalex.org/W4288083708","https://openalex.org/W4297018426","https://openalex.org/W4308212944","https://openalex.org/W4309559793","https://openalex.org/W4315632050","https://openalex.org/W4382599877","https://openalex.org/W4401142165","https://openalex.org/W6619633255","https://openalex.org/W6628369989","https://openalex.org/W6639639273","https://openalex.org/W7033666116","https://openalex.org/W7062172620"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2745063183","https://openalex.org/W4256317079","https://openalex.org/W2129850190","https://openalex.org/W2295425790","https://openalex.org/W4389009354","https://openalex.org/W2564804538","https://openalex.org/W1974803039","https://openalex.org/W1991876829","https://openalex.org/W2088677124","https://openalex.org/W2054658798"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"characteristic":[1],"of":[2,19,66,76,131,140],"socially":[3,88],"disruptive":[4,64,89],"technologies":[5],"is":[6,113,177,184,187,218,227],"that":[7,75,84,148,180],"they":[8,23,91],"have":[9,29,117],"the":[10,16,63,72,99,122,146,168],"potential":[11],"to":[12,104,106,128,189,197,206,220,232],"cause":[13],"uncertainty":[14],"about":[15,37,235],"application":[17],"conditions":[18],"a":[20,107,118,182,229],"concept":[21],"i.e.,":[22],"are":[24,87,212],"conceptually":[25],"disruptive.":[26],"Humanoid":[27],"robots":[28,44,68,86,116,173,211],"done":[30],"just":[31],"this,":[32],"as":[33,110],"evidenced":[34],"by":[35,70,82,154],"discussions":[36],"whether,":[38],"and":[39,97,144,163],"under":[40],"what":[41],"conditions,":[42],"humanoid":[43,67,85,115,155,172,210],"could":[45],"be":[46,152],"classified":[47],"as,":[48],"for":[49],"example,":[50],"moral":[51,53,58],"agents,":[52],"patients,":[54],"or":[55],"legal":[56],"and/or":[57],"persons.":[59],"This":[60],"paper":[61],"frames":[62],"effect":[65],"differently":[69],"taking":[71],"discussion":[73],"beyond":[74],"classificatory":[77],"concerns.":[78],"It":[79],"does":[80],"so":[81],"showing":[83],"because":[90],"also":[92],"transform":[93],"how":[94,145,236],"we":[95,126,194,201],"experience":[96],"understand":[98],"world.":[100,133],"Through":[101],"inviting":[102],"us":[103],"relate":[105,127],"technological":[108],"artefact":[109],"if":[111],"it":[112,186,226],"human,":[114],"profound":[119],"impact":[120,240],"upon":[121],"way":[123],"in":[124,170,223],"which":[125,171],"different":[129],"elements":[130],"our":[132],"Specifically,":[134],"I":[135],"focus":[136],"on":[137],"three":[138],"types":[139],"human":[141],"relational":[142],"experiences,":[143],"norms":[147],"surround":[149],"them":[150,199],"may":[151,174,239],"transformed":[153],"robots:":[156],"(1)":[157],"human-technology":[158],"relations;":[159,162],"(2)":[160],"human-human":[161],"(3)":[164],"human-self":[165],"relations.":[166],"Anticipating":[167],"ways":[169],"change":[175],"society":[176],"important":[178],"given":[179],"once":[181],"technology":[183,238],"entrenched,":[185],"difficult":[188],"counteract":[190],"negative":[191],"impacts.":[192],"Therefore,":[193],"should":[195],"try":[196],"anticipate":[198],"while":[200],"can":[202],"still":[203],"do":[204],"something":[205],"prevent":[207],"them.":[208],"Since":[209],"currently":[213],"relatively":[214],"rudimentary,":[215],"yet":[216],"there":[217],"incentive":[219],"invest":[221],"more":[222],"their":[224],"development,":[225],"now":[228],"good":[230],"time":[231],"think":[233],"carefully":[234],"this":[237],"us.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-17T08:19:37.847499","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}