{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406802520","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-025-00528-1","title":"Moral Complexity in Traffic: Advancing the ADC Model for Automated Driving Systems","display_name":"Moral Complexity in Traffic: Advancing the ADC Model for Automated Driving Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406802520","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-025-00528-1","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39853674"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11948-025-00528-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-025-00528-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11948-025-00528-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14881475","display_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","issn_l":"1353-3452","issn":["1353-3452","1471-5546"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11948-025-00528-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063053480","display_name":"Dario Cecchini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0943-5898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dario Cecchini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0943-5898","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049798044","display_name":"Veljko Dubljevi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3606-587X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veljko Dubljevi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA. veljko_dubljevic@ncsu.edu","Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3606-587X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA. veljko_dubljevic@ncsu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063053480"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":6.1136,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95148827,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"1","first_page":"5","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12520","display_name":"Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment","score":0.9370999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9226999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-science","display_name":"Philosophy of science","score":0.6588113903999329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42089664936065674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.36023998260498047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.1802331805229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.09824293851852417}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110099512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59115","display_name":"Philosophy of science","level":2,"score":0.6588113903999329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42089664936065674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.36023998260498047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.1802331805229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.09824293851852417}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001336","descriptor_name":"Automobiles","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001336","descriptor_name":"Automobiles","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001336","descriptor_name":"Automobiles","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009014","descriptor_name":"Morals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035502","descriptor_name":"Trust","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035502","descriptor_name":"Trust","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035502","descriptor_name":"Trust","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035502","descriptor_name":"Trust","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035502","descriptor_name":"Trust","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035502","descriptor_name":"Trust","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035502","descriptor_name":"Trust","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035502","descriptor_name":"Trust","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035502","descriptor_name":"Trust","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035502","descriptor_name":"Trust","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11948-025-00528-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-025-00528-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11948-025-00528-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14881475","display_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","issn_l":"1353-3452","issn":["1353-3452","1471-5546"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39853674","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39853674","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science and engineering ethics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11761772","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11761772","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11761772/pdf/11948_2025_Article_528.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sci Eng Ethics","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11948-025-00528-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-025-00528-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11948-025-00528-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14881475","display_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","issn_l":"1353-3452","issn":["1353-3452","1471-5546"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1328263936","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2043612","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332173","funder_display_name":"Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309198","display_name":"Utah State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00h6set76"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310013","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332173","display_name":"Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7mcc28"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406802520.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406802520.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W881633021","https://openalex.org/W1512021950","https://openalex.org/W1556726625","https://openalex.org/W1866745826","https://openalex.org/W1978972571","https://openalex.org/W2025405011","https://openalex.org/W2126278216","https://openalex.org/W2466381818","https://openalex.org/W2504381649","https://openalex.org/W2616027181","https://openalex.org/W2769730572","https://openalex.org/W2803267344","https://openalex.org/W2896252141","https://openalex.org/W2898131129","https://openalex.org/W2911846900","https://openalex.org/W2921874182","https://openalex.org/W2922202159","https://openalex.org/W2946798032","https://openalex.org/W2957204726","https://openalex.org/W2974927916","https://openalex.org/W2990305687","https://openalex.org/W3017585837","https://openalex.org/W3040452442","https://openalex.org/W3092105031","https://openalex.org/W3135487370","https://openalex.org/W3155745143","https://openalex.org/W3159895858","https://openalex.org/W3162279417","https://openalex.org/W3180298117","https://openalex.org/W4205662183","https://openalex.org/W4212818722","https://openalex.org/W4230784292","https://openalex.org/W4243643472","https://openalex.org/W4251427757","https://openalex.org/W4296623184","https://openalex.org/W4296623223","https://openalex.org/W4296624001","https://openalex.org/W4297819493","https://openalex.org/W4297903006","https://openalex.org/W4317437606","https://openalex.org/W4378174835","https://openalex.org/W4389133789","https://openalex.org/W4399044070","https://openalex.org/W6806256995"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4301358874"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"incorporation":[1],"of":[2,20,38,59,68,77],"ethical":[3,32,41,93],"settings":[4,94],"in":[5,14,25],"Automated":[6],"Driving":[7],"Systems":[8],"(ADSs)":[9],"has":[10],"been":[11],"extensively":[12],"discussed":[13],"recent":[15],"years":[16],"with":[17],"the":[18,26,64],"goal":[19],"enhancing":[21],"potential":[22],"stakeholders'":[23],"trust":[24],"new":[27],"technology.":[28],"However,":[29],"a":[30,57],"comprehensive":[31],"framework":[33],"for":[34,95],"ADS":[35,60],"decision-making,":[36],"capable":[37],"merging":[39],"multiple":[40],"considerations":[42],"and":[43,86],"investigating":[44],"their":[45],"consistency":[46],"is":[47],"currently":[48],"missing.":[49],"This":[50],"paper":[51],"addresses":[52],"this":[53],"gap":[54],"by":[55],"providing":[56],"taxonomy":[58],"decision-making":[61],"based":[62],"on":[63],"Agent-Deed-Consequences":[65],"(ADC)":[66],"model":[67],"moral":[69,79],"judgment.":[70],"Specifically,":[71],"we":[72,90],"identify":[73],"three":[74],"main":[75],"components":[76],"traffic":[78,83,97],"judgment:":[80],"driving":[81],"style,":[82],"rules":[84],"compliance,":[85],"risk":[87],"distribution.":[88],"Then,":[89],"suggest":[91],"distinguishable":[92],"each":[96],"component.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}