{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2078374515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-007-9026-5","title":"Assessing the Ethics of Medical Research in Emergency Settings: How Do International Regulations Work in Practice?","display_name":"Assessing the Ethics of Medical Research in Emergency Settings: How Do International Regulations Work in Practice?","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2078374515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-007-9026-5","mag":"2078374515","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18210225"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11948-007-9026-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-007-9026-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14881475","display_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","issn_l":"1353-3452","issn":["1353-3452","1471-5546"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110164001","display_name":"Ritva Halila","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159665","display_name":"Ministry of Social Affairs and Health","ror":"https://ror.org/050p9zb50","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159665"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ritva Halila","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Advisory Board on Health Care Ethics, Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, P.O. Box 33, 00023 Government, Helsinki, Finland. ritva.halila@stm.fi","Ministry of Social Affairs and Health"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Advisory Board on Health Care Ethics, Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, P.O. Box 33, 00023 Government, Helsinki, Finland. ritva.halila@stm.fi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159665"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Social Affairs and Health","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110164001"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159665"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3239,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7069707,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"305","last_page":"313"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10177","display_name":"Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10177","display_name":"Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11537","display_name":"Ethics in medical practice","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10582","display_name":"Ethics in Clinical Research","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voluntariness","display_name":"Voluntariness","score":0.9179589748382568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informed-consent","display_name":"Informed consent","score":0.7977026104927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autonomy","display_name":"Autonomy","score":0.6276280879974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-ethics","display_name":"Research ethics","score":0.5232709646224976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical trial","score":0.47804051637649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.40437421202659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.40367934107780457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-emergency","display_name":"Medical emergency","score":0.3571036756038666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.19575437903404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.19268643856048584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1892610788345337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternative-medicine","display_name":"Alternative medicine","score":0.18529197573661804}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777249218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7940931","display_name":"Voluntariness","level":2,"score":0.9179589748382568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68122502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764527","display_name":"Informed consent","level":3,"score":0.7977026104927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65414064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484105","display_name":"Autonomy","level":2,"score":0.6276280879974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153997805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42240","display_name":"Research ethics","level":2,"score":0.5232709646224976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.47804051637649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.40437421202659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40367934107780457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.3571036756038666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.19575437903404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.19268643856048584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1892610788345337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.18529197573661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004635","descriptor_name":"Emergency Medicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004635","descriptor_name":"Emergency Medicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004635","descriptor_name":"Emergency Medicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006805","descriptor_name":"Human Experimentation","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006805","descriptor_name":"Human Experimentation","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006805","descriptor_name":"Human Experimentation","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006805","descriptor_name":"Human Experimentation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006805","descriptor_name":"Human Experimentation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006805","descriptor_name":"Human Experimentation","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007391","descriptor_name":"International Cooperation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007391","descriptor_name":"International Cooperation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007391","descriptor_name":"International Cooperation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017408","descriptor_name":"Guidelines as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017408","descriptor_name":"Guidelines as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017408","descriptor_name":"Guidelines as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D032781","descriptor_name":"Codes of Ethics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D032781","descriptor_name":"Codes of Ethics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D032781","descriptor_name":"Codes of Ethics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D032984","descriptor_name":"Ethics, Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032984","descriptor_name":"Ethics, Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032984","descriptor_name":"Ethics, Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11948-007-9026-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-007-9026-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14881475","display_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","issn_l":"1353-3452","issn":["1353-3452","1471-5546"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science and Engineering Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18210225","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18210225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science and engineering ethics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/962864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10822/962864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eweb:309107","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W350666614","https://openalex.org/W2086858461","https://openalex.org/W2330219531","https://openalex.org/W2414721976","https://openalex.org/W2475767983","https://openalex.org/W2497721881","https://openalex.org/W2564042923","https://openalex.org/W4299584209"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1597435956","https://openalex.org/W2003823692","https://openalex.org/W2170655767","https://openalex.org/W2064200521","https://openalex.org/W2133837983","https://openalex.org/W2200920855","https://openalex.org/W2070610631","https://openalex.org/W2903649521","https://openalex.org/W2331861531","https://openalex.org/W1987274328"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
