{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405949402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-024-03756-3","title":"Enhanced detection of small and occluded road vehicle targets using improved YOLOv5","display_name":"Enhanced detection of small and occluded road vehicle targets using improved YOLOv5","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405949402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-024-03756-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11760-024-03756-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-024-03756-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156904493","display_name":"Signal Image and Video Processing","issn_l":"1863-1703","issn":["1863-1703","1863-1711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Signal, Image and Video Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055914152","display_name":"Kaibin Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7892-7522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157719","display_name":"Yancheng Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8njc86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157719"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaibin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224005, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157719"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101220778","display_name":"Hongming Lyu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157719","display_name":"Yancheng Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8njc86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157719"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongming Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224005, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157719"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111307021","display_name":"Yanbin Qin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157719","display_name":"Yancheng Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8njc86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157719"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanbin Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224005, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157719"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101220778"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157719"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8071,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86441833,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7729387879371643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6686588525772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5672547817230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5615916848182678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.5585917830467224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.5568933486938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.5487292408943176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.5360984802246094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.48865774273872375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4391999840736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4364960789680481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-driver-assistance-systems","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","score":0.4352792501449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4286540150642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.42498520016670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.42444437742233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.41032588481903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.18969854712486267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13779568672180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08239275217056274}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7729387879371643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6686588525772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5672547817230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5615916848182678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.5585917830467224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.5568933486938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5487292408943176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5360984802246094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.48865774273872375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4391999840736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4364960789680481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87833898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060280","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","level":2,"score":0.4352792501449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4286540150642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.42498520016670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42444437742233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.41032588481903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.18969854712486267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13779568672180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08239275217056274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11760-024-03756-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-024-03756-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156904493","display_name":"Signal Image and Video Processing","issn_l":"1863-1703","issn":["1863-1703","1863-1711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Signal, Image and Video Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2109255472","https://openalex.org/W2144506857","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963857746","https://openalex.org/W3042011474","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W3122173535","https://openalex.org/W3177052299","https://openalex.org/W3197048530","https://openalex.org/W4220708834","https://openalex.org/W4293525868","https://openalex.org/W4319345387","https://openalex.org/W4385397005","https://openalex.org/W4386076325","https://openalex.org/W4388647590","https://openalex.org/W4390345385","https://openalex.org/W4395668797","https://openalex.org/W4400854805","https://openalex.org/W4403770406","https://openalex.org/W6600013530"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953982092","https://openalex.org/W4377081758","https://openalex.org/W3134175566","https://openalex.org/W3211510429","https://openalex.org/W4386858688","https://openalex.org/W2982536526","https://openalex.org/W4380302312","https://openalex.org/W3008689640","https://openalex.org/W4385338604","https://openalex.org/W3081626085"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}