{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2540292005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-016-0999-x","title":"Individual-free representation-based classification for facial expression recognition","display_name":"Individual-free representation-based classification for facial expression recognition","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2540292005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-016-0999-x","mag":"2540292005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11760-016-0999-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-016-0999-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156904493","display_name":"Signal Image and Video Processing","issn_l":"1863-1703","issn":["1863-1703","1863-1711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Signal, Image and Video Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049529533","display_name":"Zhe Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4633-7675"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050659799","display_name":"Zhengping Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0300-6144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zheng-ping Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100377194","display_name":"Meng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-2331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118050","display_name":"Taishan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpnkx55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118050"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Taishan University, Tai\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Taishan University, Tai\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118050"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014599311","display_name":"Shuhuan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5518-7368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shu-huan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050659799"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6321,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75856283,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"597","last_page":"604"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variation","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","score":0.7006556391716003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6710995435714722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6367180347442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6346368789672852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6287418007850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.6267015337944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value-decomposition","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","score":0.5882196426391602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5798600316047668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.5302020311355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5140470266342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.5004408359527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.47810715436935425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.44671982526779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.4308593273162842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decomposition","display_name":"Decomposition","score":0.42483723163604736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3549501895904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33358994126319885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22712230682373047}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.7006556391716003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6710995435714722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6367180347442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6346368789672852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6287418007850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.6267015337944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22789450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420904","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","level":2,"score":0.5882196426391602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5798600316047668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5302020311355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5140470266342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.5004408359527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.47810715436935425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.44671982526779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.4308593273162842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.42483723163604736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3549501895904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33358994126319885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22712230682373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11760-016-0999-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-016-0999-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156904493","display_name":"Signal Image and Video Processing","issn_l":"1863-1703","issn":["1863-1703","1863-1711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Signal, Image and Video Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3474265785","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61071199","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1000180593","https://openalex.org/W1115808681","https://openalex.org/W1426606741","https://openalex.org/W1504597845","https://openalex.org/W1625867747","https://openalex.org/W1976512378","https://openalex.org/W1985805845","https://openalex.org/W1989243451","https://openalex.org/W1989468973","https://openalex.org/W1990207480","https://openalex.org/W1991386462","https://openalex.org/W1992262672","https://openalex.org/W1995937139","https://openalex.org/W2004197686","https://openalex.org/W2014185685","https://openalex.org/W2018277980","https://openalex.org/W2026626702","https://openalex.org/W2030540612","https://openalex.org/W2037122648","https://openalex.org/W2042333532","https://openalex.org/W2063649981","https://openalex.org/W2070574643","https://openalex.org/W2086415992","https://openalex.org/W2106115875","https://openalex.org/W2143245774","https://openalex.org/W2152044800","https://openalex.org/W2288403115","https://openalex.org/W2294965353","https://openalex.org/W2314401865","https://openalex.org/W2320453535","https://openalex.org/W2395443950"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W17155033","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W4312814274","https://openalex.org/W1590307681","https://openalex.org/W2536018345","https://openalex.org/W4285370786","https://openalex.org/W2296488620","https://openalex.org/W2358353312","https://openalex.org/W2353836703"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}