{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130542253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11704-025-50357-5","title":"A unified evaluation framework for cryptographic algorithm identification tools in IoT firmware","display_name":"A unified evaluation framework for cryptographic algorithm identification tools in IoT firmware","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130542253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11704-025-50357-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11704-025-50357-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11704-025-50357-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231404","display_name":"Frontiers of Computer Science","issn_l":"2095-2228","issn":["2095-2228","2095-2236"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311889","host_organization_name":"Higher Education Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311889"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Higher Education Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082130342","display_name":"Y. Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8758-3617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Fei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126396763","display_name":"Xiao-Yang Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Yang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Mobile Zijin (Jiangsu) Innovation Research Institute, Nanjing, 211899, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Mobile Zijin (Jiangsu) Innovation Research Institute, Nanjing, 211899, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126399862","display_name":"Jie-Wei Du","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090460","display_name":"Nanjing Institute of Railway Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ctyfm67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie-Wei Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Innovation Center of High Speed Train, Qingdao, 266111, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Innovation Center of High Speed Train, Qingdao, 266111, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126387221","display_name":"Cheng-Yu Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Yu Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China","School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China","State Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Digital Economy Security, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Digital Economy Security, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126409539","display_name":"Jin Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084460856","display_name":"Shanqing Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3367-0951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shan-Qing Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China","School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China","State Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Digital Economy Security, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Digital Economy Security, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084460856"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455","https://openalex.org/I4210132990","https://openalex.org/I80143920"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63625103,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"10","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.47029998898506165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.47029998898506165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.2791000008583069,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.11159999668598175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firmware","display_name":"Firmware","score":0.8585000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.6995000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-primitive","display_name":"Cryptographic primitive","score":0.6456999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6274999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.47780001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.4115000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-protocol","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","score":0.4050999879837036}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8827999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67212190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104851","display_name":"Firmware","level":2,"score":0.8585000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.6995000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15927051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q246593","display_name":"Cryptographic primitive","level":4,"score":0.6456999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6274999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.47780001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4115000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33884865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254335","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","level":3,"score":0.4050999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3725000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36880001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3463999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22174128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175869","display_name":"Microcode","level":2,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4681865","display_name":"Cipher","level":3,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202491316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272683","display_name":"Instruction set","level":2,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106544461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543151","display_name":"Block cipher","level":3,"score":0.2578999996185303}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11704-025-50357-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11704-025-50357-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231404","display_name":"Frontiers of Computer Science","issn_l":"2095-2228","issn":["2095-2228","2095-2236"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311889","host_organization_name":"Higher Education Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311889"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Higher Education Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W89505464","https://openalex.org/W2065995359","https://openalex.org/W2564782348","https://openalex.org/W2670925489","https://openalex.org/W2889933238","https://openalex.org/W3000571982","https://openalex.org/W3137469728","https://openalex.org/W3208935820","https://openalex.org/W4206741834"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-20T17:44:18.066148","created_date":"2026-02-20T00:00:00"}