{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205235113","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3","title":"Notes on the H-measure of classifier performance","display_name":"Notes on the H-measure of classifier performance","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205235113","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175730","display_name":"Advances in Data Analysis and Classification","issn_l":"1862-5347","issn":["1862-5347","1862-5355"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Data Analysis and Classification","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033380454","display_name":"David J. Hand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4649-5622"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D. J. Hand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Imperial College, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4649-5622","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Imperial College, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062697535","display_name":"Christoforos Anagnostopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6001-9921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Anagnostopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Imperial College, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Imperial College, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033380454"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":2.081,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88477124,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"109","last_page":"124"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.7909955978393555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.7418700456619263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6715384721755981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.668036699295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coherence","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","score":0.48908668756484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4835517108440399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.41047194600105286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.34668928384780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2335866391658783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.22123664617538452}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.7909955978393555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.7418700456619263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6715384721755981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.668036699295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781181686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4226068","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","level":2,"score":0.48908668756484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4835517108440399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41047194600105286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34668928384780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2335866391658783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.22123664617538452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175730","display_name":"Advances in Data Analysis and Classification","issn_l":"1862-5347","issn":["1862-5347","1862-5355"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Data Analysis and Classification","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:advdac:v:17:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1007_s11634-021-00490-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/93425","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/93425","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401396","display_name":"Spiral (Imperial College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","host_organization_name":"Imperial College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"124","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11634-021-00490-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175730","display_name":"Advances in Data Analysis and Classification","issn_l":"1862-5347","issn":["1862-5347","1862-5355"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Data Analysis and Classification","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205235113.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205235113.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W376961572","https://openalex.org/W1481170590","https://openalex.org/W1583837637","https://openalex.org/W1843749293","https://openalex.org/W1912982817","https://openalex.org/W1987103639","https://openalex.org/W1997647721","https://openalex.org/W1998274472","https://openalex.org/W2019461538","https://openalex.org/W2024046085","https://openalex.org/W2025720061","https://openalex.org/W2086505994","https://openalex.org/W2108871462","https://openalex.org/W2137959503","https://openalex.org/W2139372732","https://openalex.org/W2145845610","https://openalex.org/W2292220633","https://openalex.org/W2559588458","https://openalex.org/W2888728157","https://openalex.org/W4237364687","https://openalex.org/W4298186428"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2180954594","https://openalex.org/W2052835778","https://openalex.org/W2049003611","https://openalex.org/W2108418243","https://openalex.org/W2127804977","https://openalex.org/W164103134","https://openalex.org/W2787352659","https://openalex.org/W1970611213","https://openalex.org/W4206560911","https://openalex.org/W4372260270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"H-measure":[2],"is":[3,63],"a":[4,18,58],"classifier":[5],"performance":[6],"measure":[7,71],"which":[8,43],"takes":[9],"into":[10],"account":[11],"the":[12,55,70],"context":[13],"of":[14,21,57],"application":[15],"without":[16],"requiring":[17],"rigid":[19],"value":[20],"relative":[22],"misclassification":[23],"costs":[24],"to":[25,72],"be":[26],"set.":[27],"Since":[28],"its":[29,48,53,66],"introduction":[30],"in":[31],"2009":[32],"it":[33,62],"has":[34],"become":[35],"widely":[36],"adopted.":[37],"This":[38],"paper":[39],"answers":[40],"various":[41],"queries":[42],"users":[44],"have":[45],"raised":[46],"since":[47],"introduction,":[49],"including":[50],"questions":[51],"about":[52],"interpretation,":[54],"choice":[56],"weighting":[59],"function,":[60],"whether":[61],"strictly":[64],"proper,":[65],"coherence,":[67],"and":[68],"relates":[69],"other":[73],"work.":[74]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}