{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128509863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-026-01858-4","title":"YOLO-VCL: a lightweight and high-precision PCB defect detection network model","display_name":"YOLO-VCL: a lightweight and high-precision PCB defect detection network model","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128509863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-026-01858-4"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11554-026-01858-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-026-01858-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11282291","display_name":"Journal of Real-Time Image Processing","issn_l":"1861-8200","issn":["1861-8200","1861-8219"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Real-Time Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125542876","display_name":"Wenbo Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenbo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, 710054, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125495234","display_name":"Wei J. Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, 710054, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052865728","display_name":"Yunfeng Ni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunfeng Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, 710054, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040623969","display_name":"Shouhua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9234-0349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shouhua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, 710054, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125515478","display_name":"Bei Dang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bei Dang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, 710054, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125495234"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49230944,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.901199996471405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.901199996471405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.07769999653100967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13918","display_name":"Advanced Data and IoT Technologies","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5548999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.5174999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4788999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4507000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4147000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.40369999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.398499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.375900000333786}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6628000140190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5548999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.5174999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4788999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4507000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4147000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.40369999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.398499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.375900000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3747999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.3562000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.3418999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.32910001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88796919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142907","display_name":"Backbone network","level":2,"score":0.3215999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104122410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416406","display_name":"Network model","level":2,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.30869999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.3001999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.27149999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.2508000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.2506999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11554-026-01858-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-026-01858-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11282291","display_name":"Journal of Real-Time Image Processing","issn_l":"1861-8200","issn":["1861-8200","1861-8219"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Real-Time Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6588231325149536,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W3092466439","https://openalex.org/W4286560905","https://openalex.org/W4297089455","https://openalex.org/W4311601346","https://openalex.org/W4380985972","https://openalex.org/W4381572203","https://openalex.org/W4386404700","https://openalex.org/W4387918048","https://openalex.org/W4389352643","https://openalex.org/W4390501842","https://openalex.org/W4390629764","https://openalex.org/W4398756379","https://openalex.org/W4404177279","https://openalex.org/W4409882796","https://openalex.org/W4411111017"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-12T06:13:03.167441","created_date":"2026-02-11T00:00:00"}
