{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3152757982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-021-02370-9","title":"Automatic detection of procedural knowledge in robotic-assisted surgical texts","display_name":"Automatic detection of procedural knowledge in robotic-assisted surgical texts","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3152757982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-021-02370-9","mag":"3152757982","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33886045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11548-021-02370-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-021-02370-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11548-021-02370-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181408163","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery","issn_l":"1861-6410","issn":["1861-6410","1861-6429"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11548-021-02370-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037203349","display_name":"Marco Bombieri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-8495"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119439378","display_name":"University of Verona","ror":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119439378"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marco Bombieri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Verona, Verona, Italy. marco.bombieri_01@univr.it","University of Verona, Verona, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-8495","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Verona, Verona, Italy. marco.bombieri_01@univr.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119439378"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Verona, Verona, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119439378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043305308","display_name":"Marco Rospocher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9391-3201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119439378","display_name":"University of Verona","ror":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119439378"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Rospocher","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Verona, Verona, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9391-3201","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Verona, Verona, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119439378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072250553","display_name":"Diego Dall\u2019Alba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7300-5975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119439378","display_name":"University of Verona","ror":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119439378"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego Dall\u2019Alba","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Verona, Verona, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7300-5975","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Verona, Verona, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119439378"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065107543","display_name":"Paolo Fiorini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0711-8605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119439378","display_name":"University of Verona","ror":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119439378"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Fiorini","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Verona, Verona, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0711-8605","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Verona, Verona, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119439378"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037203349"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119439378"],"apc_list":{"value":4390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4390},"apc_paid":{"value":4390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4390},"fwci":1.3025,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83532647,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"8","first_page":"1287","last_page":"1295"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.4884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.4884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.08219999819993973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.08110000193119049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8361541032791138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.6425448060035706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6404393315315247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.6291873455047607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6158588528633118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5544657707214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4457288682460785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-classification","display_name":"Binary classification","score":0.43452268838882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.42107030749320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3788852095603943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.09829673171043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.08939775824546814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8361541032791138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.6425448060035706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6404393315315247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.6291873455047607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6158588528633118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5544657707214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4457288682460785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66905080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005494","display_name":"Binary classification","level":3,"score":0.43452268838882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.42107030749320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3788852095603943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.09829673171043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.08939775824546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D065287","descriptor_name":"Robotic Surgical Procedures","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065287","descriptor_name":"Robotic Surgical Procedures","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065287","descriptor_name":"Robotic Surgical Procedures","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11548-021-02370-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-021-02370-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11548-021-02370-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181408163","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery","issn_l":"1861-6410","issn":["1861-6410","1861-6429"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33886045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33886045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/472746","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11572/472746","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196320","display_name":"Iris (University of Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8295094","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8295094","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11548-021-02370-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-021-02370-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11548-021-02370-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181408163","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery","issn_l":"1861-6410","issn":["1861-6410","1861-6429"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6233875475","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42671","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3152757982.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3152757982.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W195360844","https://openalex.org/W1832693441","https://openalex.org/W1993220166","https://openalex.org/W2013210379","https://openalex.org/W2094299447","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2148640970","https://openalex.org/W2154776925","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2779564163","https://openalex.org/W2781024968","https://openalex.org/W2803332107","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2914767245","https://openalex.org/W2925863688","https://openalex.org/W2929410491","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2963626623","https://openalex.org/W2963716420","https://openalex.org/W2963815651","https://openalex.org/W2963888630","https://openalex.org/W2989445916","https://openalex.org/W2996851481","https://openalex.org/W3008340068","https://openalex.org/W3012922460","https://openalex.org/W3028860567","https://openalex.org/W3031621449","https://openalex.org/W3046101816","https://openalex.org/W3097040692","https://openalex.org/W4243689877","https://openalex.org/W4245003003","https://openalex.org/W6602704705","https://openalex.org/W6603056600"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238897586","https://openalex.org/W435179959","https://openalex.org/W2619091065","https://openalex.org/W2341842940","https://openalex.org/W1490753184","https://openalex.org/W2284465472","https://openalex.org/W2291782699","https://openalex.org/W1993948687","https://openalex.org/W2059640416","https://openalex.org/W2329895846"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"The":[1,125],"automatic":[2],"extraction":[3],"of":[4,14,32,37,47,51,75,117,149],"knowledge":[5],"about":[6],"intervention":[7,40,53],"execution":[8],"from":[9,55,78,94],"surgical":[10,21,39,56,182],"manuals":[11],"would":[12],"be":[13,193],"the":[15,30,35,48,61,115,122,135,142,147,150,166,187,201],"utmost":[16],"importance":[17],"to":[18,99,121,158],"develop":[19],"expert":[20],"systems":[22],"and":[23,104,134],"assistants.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26],"work":[27,168],"we":[28],"assess":[29],"feasibility":[31,148],"automatically":[33,177],"identifying":[34,178],"sentences":[36,77,180],"a":[38,45,64,71],"text":[41],"containing":[42],"procedural":[43,85,179],"information,":[44],"subtask":[46],"broader":[49],"goal":[50],"extracting":[52],"workflows":[54],"manuals.":[57],"METHODS:":[58],"We":[59,68,88,112],"frame":[60],"problem":[62],"as":[63,84],"binary":[65],"classification":[66,92,105,198],"task.":[67,151,202],"first":[69,167,188],"introduce":[70],"new":[72],"public":[73,189],"dataset":[74,190],"1958":[76],"robotic":[79],"surgery":[80],"texts,":[81],"manually":[82],"annotated":[83],"or":[86],"non-procedural.":[87],"then":[89],"apply":[90],"different":[91,197],"methods,":[93,144],"classical":[95],"machine":[96,171],"learning":[97,174],"algorithms,":[98],"more":[100],"recent":[101],"neural-network":[102],"approaches":[103],"methods":[106,199],"exploiting":[107],"transformers":[108],"(e.g.,":[109],"BERT,":[110],"ClinicalBERT).":[111],"also":[113,185],"analyze":[114],"benefits":[116],"applying":[118],"balancing":[119,153],"techniques":[120,154],"dataset.":[123],"RESULTS:":[124],"architectures":[126],"based":[127,137],"on":[128,138],"neural-networks":[129],"fed":[130],"with":[131,170],"FastText's":[132],"embeddings":[133],"one":[136],"ClinicalBERT":[139],"outperform":[140],"all":[141],"tested":[143],"empirically":[145],"confirming":[146],"Adopting":[152],"does":[155],"not":[156],"lead":[157],"substantial":[159],"improvements":[160],"in":[161,181],"classification.":[162],"CONCLUSION:":[163],"This":[164],"is":[165],"experimenting":[169],"/":[172],"deep":[173],"algorithms":[175],"for":[176,195,200],"texts.":[183],"It":[184],"introduces":[186],"that":[191],"can":[192],"used":[194],"benchmarking":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
