{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2976570950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-019-02070-5","title":"Deep learning for World Health Organization grades of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images: a preliminary study","display_name":"Deep learning for World Health Organization grades of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images: a preliminary study","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2976570950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-019-02070-5","mag":"2976570950","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31555998"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11548-019-02070-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-019-02070-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181408163","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery","issn_l":"1861-6410","issn":["1861-6410","1861-6429"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114546926","display_name":"Xuan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4919-5227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147369","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Hematology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fz4ce66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127074","display_name":"Zhongshan Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/032x22645","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127074"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China","Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China","Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China","Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127074","https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147369"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147369"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4210127074"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100395166","display_name":"Xiaolin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2228-6196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147369","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Hematology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fz4ce66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127074","display_name":"Zhongshan Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/032x22645","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China. fduwangxiaolin@hotmail.com","Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China. fduwangxiaolin@hotmail.com","Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China. fduwangxiaolin@hotmail.com","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China. fduwangxiaolin@hotmail.com","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4210127074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147369"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114546926"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4210127074","https://openalex.org/I4210147369"],"apc_list":{"value":3390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4390},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0271,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88477757,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"11","first_page":"1981","last_page":"1991"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10231","display_name":"Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research","score":0.7138000130653381,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10231","display_name":"Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research","score":0.7138000130653381,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10754","display_name":"Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances","score":0.08449999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.04749999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7277096509933472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6894274950027466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.6638721823692322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grading","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","score":0.577399730682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.575396716594696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.5565323233604431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5461318492889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-validation","display_name":"Cross-validation","score":0.5419971942901611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiological-weapon","display_name":"Radiological weapon","score":0.47575634717941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.455576092004776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroendocrine-tumors","display_name":"Neuroendocrine tumors","score":0.42284882068634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.37954747676849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.3635670244693756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3625578284263611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3269021213054657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.19165459275245667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7277096509933472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6894274950027466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.6638721823692322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777286243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591926","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.577399730682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.575396716594696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.5565323233604431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5461318492889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27181475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q541014","display_name":"Cross-validation","level":2,"score":0.5419971942901611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190892606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3512464","display_name":"Radiological weapon","level":2,"score":0.47575634717941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.455576092004776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779066768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981276","display_name":"Neuroendocrine tumors","level":2,"score":0.42284882068634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.37954747676849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.3635670244693756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3625578284263611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3269021213054657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.19165459275245667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003287","descriptor_name":"Contrast Media","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003287","descriptor_name":"Contrast Media","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003287","descriptor_name":"Contrast Media","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018358","descriptor_name":"Neuroendocrine Tumors","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018358","descriptor_name":"Neuroendocrine Tumors","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018358","descriptor_name":"Neuroendocrine Tumors","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060787","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Grading","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060787","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Grading","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060787","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Grading","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11548-019-02070-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-019-02070-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181408163","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery","issn_l":"1861-6410","issn":["1861-6410","1861-6429"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31555998","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31555998","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1560377314","https://openalex.org/W2028120603","https://openalex.org/W2043929313","https://openalex.org/W2071851324","https://openalex.org/W2092955619","https://openalex.org/W2099540110","https://openalex.org/W2146946075","https://openalex.org/W2160463900","https://openalex.org/W2170505850","https://openalex.org/W2510986460","https://openalex.org/W2559794190","https://openalex.org/W2559881210","https://openalex.org/W2562319768","https://openalex.org/W2577241916","https://openalex.org/W2578593491","https://openalex.org/W2592929672","https://openalex.org/W2608231518","https://openalex.org/W2765571304","https://openalex.org/W2765811365","https://openalex.org/W2767106145","https://openalex.org/W2767236661","https://openalex.org/W2772978535","https://openalex.org/W2785115302"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037055773","https://openalex.org/W2031600237","https://openalex.org/W209247011","https://openalex.org/W299246606","https://openalex.org/W4252678758","https://openalex.org/W2165890417","https://openalex.org/W2369518076","https://openalex.org/W2338655063","https://openalex.org/W2807850639","https://openalex.org/W2037392028"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}