{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126034452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-025-4626-6","title":"Quaternary true random number generator comprising gated p+\u2013i\u2013n+ diodes","display_name":"Quaternary true random number generator comprising gated p+\u2013i\u2013n+ diodes","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7126034452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-025-4626-6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11432-025-4626-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-025-4626-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210218743","display_name":"Science China Information Sciences","issn_l":"1674-733X","issn":["1674-733X","1869-1919"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science China Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114143879","display_name":"Hyojoo Heo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyojoo Heo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058394022","display_name":"Yunwoo Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0090-366X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunwoo Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043344065","display_name":"Juhee Jeon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-2288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juhee Jeon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124247445","display_name":"Taeho Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taeho Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005600455","display_name":"Seungho Ryu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3103-0429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089054","display_name":"Seoul Semiconductor (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/007vmjm88","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089054"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungho Ryu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Semiconductor System Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Semiconductor System Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089054"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124265493","display_name":"Kyoungah Cho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kyoungah Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124218668","display_name":"Sangsig Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089054","display_name":"Seoul Semiconductor (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/007vmjm88","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089054"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sangsig Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea","Department of Semiconductor System Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Semiconductor System Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089054"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5124218668","https://openalex.org/A5124265493"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611","https://openalex.org/I4210089054"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15656494,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9818000197410583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9818000197410583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.006899999920278788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-number-generation","display_name":"Random number generation","score":0.7103000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.5539000034332275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.49639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quaternary","display_name":"Quaternary","score":0.4758000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access","display_name":"Random access","score":0.4560999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.4318000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.42149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudorandom-number-generator","display_name":"Pseudorandom number generator","score":0.4205999970436096}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201866948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228206","display_name":"Random number generation","level":2,"score":0.7103000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.5539000034332275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.49639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160464908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26185","display_name":"Quaternary","level":2,"score":0.4758000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101722063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218825","display_name":"Random access","level":2,"score":0.4560999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.4318000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.42149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140642157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1623338","display_name":"Pseudorandom number generator","level":2,"score":0.4205999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40459999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4041999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.40310001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.39430001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.3675000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.36090001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49654631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746165","display_name":"Shift register","level":3,"score":0.35100001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26263659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1886131","display_name":"Random seed","level":3,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207768971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084187","display_name":"Self-shrinking generator","level":4,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51319974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3509564","display_name":"Pulse generator","level":3,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122637931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118084","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","level":2,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12426560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189569","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","level":2,"score":0.2531999945640564}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11432-025-4626-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-025-4626-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210218743","display_name":"Science China Information Sciences","issn_l":"1674-733X","issn":["1674-733X","1869-1919"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science China Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W412116272","https://openalex.org/W1982630937","https://openalex.org/W2029741614","https://openalex.org/W2072734492","https://openalex.org/W2141250640","https://openalex.org/W2626032359","https://openalex.org/W2739387336","https://openalex.org/W2751770571","https://openalex.org/W2757558007","https://openalex.org/W2762731122","https://openalex.org/W2784781042","https://openalex.org/W2800496941","https://openalex.org/W3130591698","https://openalex.org/W3134012507","https://openalex.org/W3202613539","https://openalex.org/W4312230597","https://openalex.org/W4313525572","https://openalex.org/W4318320743","https://openalex.org/W4377694099","https://openalex.org/W4387140984","https://openalex.org/W4392094046","https://openalex.org/W4401246974","https://openalex.org/W4410196532"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2026-01-30T00:00:00"}
