{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2997524901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-019-8126-z","title":"Introducing an External Terminal Operator or Not? The Decision of Ports in a Duopoly Market","display_name":"Introducing an External Terminal Operator or Not? The Decision of Ports in a Duopoly Market","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2997524901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-019-8126-z","mag":"2997524901"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11424-019-8126-z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-019-8126-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45848134","display_name":"Journal of Systems Science and Complexity","issn_l":"1009-6124","issn":["1009-6124","1559-7067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Systems Science and Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052598580","display_name":"Libin Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7401-8033"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202126657","display_name":"Qufu Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ceheh96","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202126657"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75390827","display_name":"Beijing University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00df5yc52","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Libin Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China","School of Management, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, 276826, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, 276826, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202126657"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089966233","display_name":"Jian Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8086-6813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jian Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Base of Beijing Modern Manufacturing Development, College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Base of Beijing Modern Manufacturing Development, College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005922113","display_name":"Qing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7676-9236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159176309","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00g30e956","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hamburg Business School, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 20148, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hamburg Business School, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 20148, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100681861","display_name":"Wei Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2911-7216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089966233"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5451,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83345629,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"1","first_page":"146","last_page":"166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11043","display_name":"Merger and Competition Analysis","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11043","display_name":"Merger and Competition Analysis","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11223","display_name":"Maritime Ports and Logistics","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duopoly","display_name":"Duopoly","score":0.734744668006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/port","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","score":0.7314680814743042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landlord","display_name":"Landlord","score":0.595313549041748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profit","display_name":"Profit (economics)","score":0.559612512588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5455529093742371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.5327327847480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-rent","display_name":"Economic rent","score":0.5057611465454102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminal","display_name":"Terminal (telecommunication)","score":0.48240530490875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"Productivity","score":0.4645855724811554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.4608764946460724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"Competition (biology)","score":0.43381255865097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.41537144780158997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.4061385989189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.3731110692024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.31331267952919006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1981523633003235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15458151698112488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cournot-competition","display_name":"Cournot competition","score":0.11628860235214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09682461619377136}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180456769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750207","display_name":"Duopoly","level":3,"score":0.734744668006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.7314680814743042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781137002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618532","display_name":"Landlord","level":2,"score":0.595313549041748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.559612512588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5455529093742371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.5327327847480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106866004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264259","display_name":"Economic rent","level":2,"score":0.5057611465454102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779664074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518405","display_name":"Terminal (telecommunication)","level":2,"score":0.48240530490875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.4645855724811554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.4608764946460724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.43381255865097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.41537144780158997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.4061385989189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3731110692024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.31331267952919006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1981523633003235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15458151698112488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16520705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q601799","display_name":"Cournot competition","level":2,"score":0.11628860235214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09682461619377136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11424-019-8126-z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-019-8126-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45848134","display_name":"Journal of Systems Science and Complexity","issn_l":"1009-6124","issn":["1009-6124","1559-7067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Systems Science and Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W566049673","https://openalex.org/W1766303555","https://openalex.org/W1963935411","https://openalex.org/W1969074198","https://openalex.org/W1973110466","https://openalex.org/W1985920671","https://openalex.org/W1994628485","https://openalex.org/W1995428957","https://openalex.org/W2004099139","https://openalex.org/W2008967086","https://openalex.org/W2022063151","https://openalex.org/W2054996253","https://openalex.org/W2063889236","https://openalex.org/W2071095775","https://openalex.org/W2072074711","https://openalex.org/W2072467116","https://openalex.org/W2074403260","https://openalex.org/W2074979364","https://openalex.org/W2076688746","https://openalex.org/W2081418164","https://openalex.org/W2084922248","https://openalex.org/W2092266480","https://openalex.org/W2108364045","https://openalex.org/W2110191269","https://openalex.org/W2119591745","https://openalex.org/W2136812841","https://openalex.org/W2145625297","https://openalex.org/W2172991330","https://openalex.org/W2259578721","https://openalex.org/W2288762333","https://openalex.org/W2296611446","https://openalex.org/W2768114633","https://openalex.org/W2803662083","https://openalex.org/W3022420216","https://openalex.org/W4210606352","https://openalex.org/W4246702438"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2741268829","https://openalex.org/W2003619664","https://openalex.org/W290359970","https://openalex.org/W2066997428","https://openalex.org/W3125628417","https://openalex.org/W1509820875","https://openalex.org/W2041466110","https://openalex.org/W2383841833","https://openalex.org/W1766303555","https://openalex.org/W2997524901"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}