{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3159875750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9","title":"SMA micro-hand implemented in small robot for generating gestures","display_name":"SMA micro-hand implemented in small robot for generating gestures","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3159875750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9","mag":"3159875750","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33907587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145649206","display_name":"Intelligent Service Robotics","issn_l":"1861-2776","issn":["1861-2776","1861-2784"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligent Service Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104252873","display_name":"Takumi Ishikawa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171481255","display_name":"Shibaura Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/020wjcq07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ishikawa Takumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548 Japan","Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548 Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105473190","display_name":"Sumito NAGASAWA","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171481255","display_name":"Shibaura Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/020wjcq07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nagasawa Sumito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548 Japan","Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548 Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104252873"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"],"apc_list":{"value":2780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2780},"apc_paid":{"value":2780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2780},"fwci":0.2187,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3959235,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"399","last_page":"408"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10865","display_name":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","score":0.9787999987602234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10865","display_name":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","score":0.9787999987602234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14034","display_name":"Musicians\u2019 Health and Performance","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11442","display_name":"Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.8224196434020996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7470688819885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.7145313620567322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sma*","display_name":"SMA*","score":0.6988615989685059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.5001010894775391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shape-memory-alloy","display_name":"Shape-memory alloy","score":0.45219194889068604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4288368821144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.33594608306884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.08931624889373779}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.8224196434020996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7470688819885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.7145313620567322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161921814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493743","display_name":"SMA*","level":2,"score":0.6988615989685059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.5001010894775391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49097943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898455","display_name":"Shape-memory alloy","level":2,"score":0.45219194889068604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4288368821144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.33594608306884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.08931624889373779}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145649206","display_name":"Intelligent Service Robotics","issn_l":"1861-2776","issn":["1861-2776","1861-2784"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligent Service Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33907587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33907587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligent service robotics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8061717","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8061717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Intell Serv Robot","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145649206","display_name":"Intelligent Service Robotics","issn_l":"1861-2776","issn":["1861-2776","1861-2784"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligent Service Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3159875750.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3159875750.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W69388495","https://openalex.org/W186728073","https://openalex.org/W948356733","https://openalex.org/W1595926077","https://openalex.org/W1955747797","https://openalex.org/W1982551950","https://openalex.org/W1991792921","https://openalex.org/W2024649868","https://openalex.org/W2065876126","https://openalex.org/W2089666999","https://openalex.org/W2096453912","https://openalex.org/W2104559959","https://openalex.org/W2108615342","https://openalex.org/W2110280344","https://openalex.org/W2122376170","https://openalex.org/W2123618761","https://openalex.org/W2128848653","https://openalex.org/W2152615201","https://openalex.org/W2153457831","https://openalex.org/W2160422000","https://openalex.org/W2168333982","https://openalex.org/W2329924552","https://openalex.org/W2516603728","https://openalex.org/W2517946653","https://openalex.org/W2526636613","https://openalex.org/W2560252917","https://openalex.org/W2577931661","https://openalex.org/W2606235056","https://openalex.org/W2714395964","https://openalex.org/W2916916283","https://openalex.org/W2959255436","https://openalex.org/W3095711147"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2240404672","https://openalex.org/W2744612160","https://openalex.org/W2089457653","https://openalex.org/W2368486505","https://openalex.org/W1986752515","https://openalex.org/W4252077727","https://openalex.org/W2626373589","https://openalex.org/W2079323691","https://openalex.org/W2382235839","https://openalex.org/W2040908729"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Research":[0],"on":[1],"robots":[2,18,60],"that":[3,61],"can":[4,66],"be":[5,21],"used":[6,101],"for":[7,82],"communication":[8,39,59,84,184],"with":[9,207],"humans":[10,51],"has":[11],"become":[12],"popular":[13],"in":[14,27,46,125,165],"recent":[15],"years.":[16],"Communication":[17],"should":[19],"ideally":[20],"as":[22,24,41,102],"small":[23,63,76,157,183],"an":[25,103,137,149],"infant":[26],"order":[28],"to":[29,177,217],"reduce":[30],"the":[31,112,119,126,143,156,160,178,195],"user's":[32],"feeling":[33],"of":[34,142,155],"threat.":[35],"In":[36,70],"addition,":[37],"non-verbal":[38],"(such":[40],"gestures)":[42],"is":[43,80,95,100,124,134,146],"also":[44,205],"important":[45],"facilitating":[47],"smooth":[48],"interactions":[49],"between":[50],"and":[52,65,171,181,197],"robots.":[53,185],"There":[54],"are":[55,62],"currently":[56],"a":[57,75,87,96,130,208],"few":[58],"sized":[64],"generate":[67,218],"hand":[68,145,161,213],"gestures.":[69,221],"this":[71],"paper,":[72],"we":[73],"propose":[74],"robot":[77,144,158,209],"hand,":[78],"which":[79,99],"optimized":[81],"gesture":[83],"by":[85,136,148,192],"using":[86],"shape":[88],"memory":[89],"alloy":[90],"(SMA).":[91],"The":[92,105,153,211,224],"SMA":[93,106,151],"employed":[94],"Ti-Ni":[97],"alloy,":[98],"actuator.":[104],"shrinks":[107],"when":[108],"it":[109,123,133],"transforms":[110],"into":[111],"austenite":[113],"phase":[114,128],"at":[115,129,230],"temperatures":[116],"higher":[117],"than":[118],"transformation":[120],"temperature.":[121],"When":[122],"martensitic":[127],"lower":[131],"temperature,":[132],"expanded":[135],"external":[138],"force.":[139],"Each":[140],"finger":[141,167,180],"driven":[147],"individual":[150],"wire.":[152],"specifications":[154,188],"including":[159],"size,":[162],"operation":[163],"angles":[164],"each":[166],"joint,":[168],"response":[169],"times":[170],"power":[172,199],"consumption":[173],"were":[174],"determined":[175],"according":[176],"human":[179],"existing":[182],"These":[186],"required":[187],"have":[189],"been":[190],"fulfilled":[191],"carefully":[193],"designing":[194],"geometry":[196],"heating/cooling":[198],"control.":[200],"A":[201],"questionnaire-based":[202],"survey":[203],"was":[204,214],"conducted":[206],"hand.":[210],"five-finger":[212],"successfully":[215],"shown":[216],"recognizable":[219],"symbolic":[220],"Supplementary":[222],"Information:":[223],"online":[225],"version":[226],"supplementary":[227],"material":[228],"available":[229],"10.1007/s11370-021-00364-9.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}