{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220956230","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-022-01020-7","title":"Example query on ontology-labels knowledge graph based on filter-refine strategy","display_name":"Example query on ontology-labels knowledge graph based on filter-refine strategy","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220956230","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-022-01020-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11280-022-01020-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-022-01020-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129236917","display_name":"World Wide Web","issn_l":"1386-145X","issn":["1386-145X","1573-1413"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World Wide Web","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053261202","display_name":"Linlin Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4524-1647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118803816","display_name":"Liaoning University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xpwj629","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linlin Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information, Liaoning University, 110036, Shenyang Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4524-1647","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information, Liaoning University, 110036, Shenyang Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100741163","display_name":"Sisi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4862-8740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118803816","display_name":"Liaoning University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xpwj629","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sisi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information, Liaoning University, 110036, Shenyang Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information, Liaoning University, 110036, Shenyang Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100361464","display_name":"Mo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8943-0191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118803816","display_name":"Liaoning University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xpwj629","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information, Liaoning University, 110036, Shenyang Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information, Liaoning University, 110036, Shenyang Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100664181","display_name":"Ze Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8518-140X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118803816","display_name":"Liaoning University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xpwj629","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ze Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information, Liaoning University, 110036, Shenyang Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information, Liaoning University, 110036, Shenyang Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101598771","display_name":"Hanlin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1336-2428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118803816","display_name":"Liaoning University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xpwj629","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanlin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information, Liaoning University, 110036, Shenyang Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information, Liaoning University, 110036, Shenyang Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071538550","display_name":"Hao Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6405-4011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118803816","display_name":"Liaoning University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xpwj629","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hao Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information, Liaoning University, 110036, Shenyang Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information, Liaoning University, 110036, Shenyang Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054768105","display_name":"George Y. Yuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131412887","display_name":"Jiangxi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05k2j8e48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131412887"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Y. Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Thinvent Digital Technology Co.,Ltd, 330096, Nanchang Jiangxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Thinvent Digital Technology Co.,Ltd, 330096, Nanchang Jiangxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131412887"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071538550"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118803816"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.232,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40978708,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":"343","last_page":"373"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.889999270439148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-optimization","display_name":"Query optimization","score":0.6895961761474609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sargable","display_name":"Sargable","score":0.6698635816574097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-expansion","display_name":"Query expansion","score":0.6661322712898254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.6358369588851929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6219495534896851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.5767822265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-query-classification","display_name":"Web query classification","score":0.5710694193840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-language","display_name":"Query language","score":0.5412729382514954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.468789666891098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-aggregation","display_name":"Online aggregation","score":0.464884489774704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.44860342144966125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.4462943971157074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4294254183769226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4096658527851105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.2487087845802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.22524765133857727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.889999270439148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157692150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919848","display_name":"Query optimization","level":2,"score":0.6895961761474609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192939062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104840822","display_name":"Sargable","level":4,"score":0.6698635816574097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99016210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5488129","display_name":"Query expansion","level":2,"score":0.6661322712898254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.6358369588851929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6219495534896851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.5767822265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118689300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978614","display_name":"Web query classification","level":4,"score":0.5710694193840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192028432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845739","display_name":"Query language","level":2,"score":0.5412729382514954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.468789666891098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24028149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094056","display_name":"Online aggregation","level":5,"score":0.464884489774704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.44860342144966125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.4462943971157074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4294254183769226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4096658527851105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2487087845802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.22524765133857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11280-022-01020-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-022-01020-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129236917","display_name":"World Wide Web","issn_l":"1386-145X","issn":["1386-145X","1573-1413"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World Wide Web","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5557282343","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072220, 61502215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571381357","https://openalex.org/W2009688537","https://openalex.org/W2293919922","https://openalex.org/W2501364796","https://openalex.org/W2507668380","https://openalex.org/W2563362990","https://openalex.org/W2586196782","https://openalex.org/W2590364218","https://openalex.org/W2604361715","https://openalex.org/W2795075876","https://openalex.org/W2906964720","https://openalex.org/W2942259124","https://openalex.org/W2966581343","https://openalex.org/W2979866729","https://openalex.org/W3013573132","https://openalex.org/W3030145375","https://openalex.org/W3030759655","https://openalex.org/W3034273250","https://openalex.org/W3035937838","https://openalex.org/W3043178100","https://openalex.org/W3049538651","https://openalex.org/W3087368024","https://openalex.org/W3108634112","https://openalex.org/W3120915586","https://openalex.org/W3126868161","https://openalex.org/W3128987019","https://openalex.org/W3135045115","https://openalex.org/W3138679477","https://openalex.org/W3154141115","https://openalex.org/W3155052204","https://openalex.org/W3162273446","https://openalex.org/W3185103244","https://openalex.org/W3185219558","https://openalex.org/W3186153234","https://openalex.org/W3197400233","https://openalex.org/W3209255529","https://openalex.org/W3209485964","https://openalex.org/W4255006121","https://openalex.org/W4285792491"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026738364","https://openalex.org/W2901901036","https://openalex.org/W2013069866","https://openalex.org/W2186703450","https://openalex.org/W4381740310","https://openalex.org/W2124814993","https://openalex.org/W8514837","https://openalex.org/W1981131819","https://openalex.org/W2402674558","https://openalex.org/W2350026801"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}