{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205172457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-021-00923-1","title":"CrowdMed-II: a blockchain-based framework for efficient consent management in health data sharing","display_name":"CrowdMed-II: a blockchain-based framework for efficient consent management in health data sharing","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205172457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-021-00923-1","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35002477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11280-021-00923-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-021-00923-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11280-021-00923-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129236917","display_name":"World Wide Web","issn_l":"1386-145X","issn":["1386-145X","1573-1413"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World Wide Web","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11280-021-00923-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056702465","display_name":"Chaochen Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0379-5262"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaochen Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["DCST, BNRist, RIIT, Institute of Internet Industry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DCST, BNRist, RIIT, Institute of Internet Industry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100323220","display_name":"Chao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6844-6127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["BNRist, DCST, RIIT, Institute of Internet Industry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BNRist, DCST, RIIT, Institute of Internet Industry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102979496","display_name":"Guigang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1543-0770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guigang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069695004","display_name":"Zhiwei Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6270-0622"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiwei Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joint Research Center for Industry Trust Blockchain Application Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joint Research Center for Industry Trust Blockchain Application Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042305745","display_name":"Mira Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-8472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mira Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["DCST, BNRist, RIIT, Institute of Internet Industry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DCST, BNRist, RIIT, Institute of Internet Industry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100419741","display_name":"Yong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8803-2055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["BNRist, DCST, RIIT, Institute of Internet Industry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BNRist, DCST, RIIT, Institute of Internet Industry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058043497","display_name":"Chunxiao Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9390-3097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunxiao Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["BNRist, DCST, RIIT, Institute of Internet Industry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BNRist, DCST, RIIT, Institute of Internet Industry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112915077","display_name":"Jinpeng Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9896-6027"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinpeng Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yidu Cloud (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yidu Cloud (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013497352","display_name":"Renyi Bao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renyi Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yidu Cloud (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yidu Cloud (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100323220"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":5.7387,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96103779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"3","first_page":"1489","last_page":"1515"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9605000019073486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8010395169258118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-contract","display_name":"Smart contract","score":0.7797602415084839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7369975447654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-sharing","display_name":"Data sharing","score":0.6788409352302551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-exchange","display_name":"Data exchange","score":0.5812174081802368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-management","display_name":"Data management","score":0.5693602561950684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-quality","display_name":"Data quality","score":0.5399783253669739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5198317170143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.5135162472724915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-provider","display_name":"Service provider","score":0.4631675183773041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.36537685990333557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.28299063444137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.24038255214691162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.0843169093132019}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8010395169258118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779950589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7544035","display_name":"Smart contract","level":3,"score":0.7797602415084839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7369975447654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779965156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227350","display_name":"Data sharing","level":3,"score":0.6788409352302551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15845906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172338","display_name":"Data exchange","level":2,"score":0.5812174081802368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1668388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149776","display_name":"Data management","level":2,"score":0.5693602561950684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24756922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757694","display_name":"Data quality","level":3,"score":0.5399783253669739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5198317170143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5135162472724915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.4631675183773041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.36537685990333557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.28299063444137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.24038255214691162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0843169093132019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11280-021-00923-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-021-00923-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11280-021-00923-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129236917","display_name":"World Wide Web","issn_l":"1386-145X","issn":["1386-145X","1573-1413"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World Wide Web","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35002477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35002477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World wide web","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8720166","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8720166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"World Wide Web","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11280-021-00923-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-021-00923-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11280-021-00923-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129236917","display_name":"World Wide Web","issn_l":"1386-145X","issn":["1386-145X","1573-1413"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World Wide Web","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6047881672","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1404401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6309768995","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1402701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6896362766","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91646202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322392","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205172457.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205172457.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2444540282","https://openalex.org/W2522448907","https://openalex.org/W2530517483","https://openalex.org/W2567970067","https://openalex.org/W2604267573","https://openalex.org/W2615658008","https://openalex.org/W2626851879","https://openalex.org/W2755569472","https://openalex.org/W2800685224","https://openalex.org/W2809143401","https://openalex.org/W2810011639","https://openalex.org/W2878975049","https://openalex.org/W2890192855","https://openalex.org/W2890349115","https://openalex.org/W2900834595","https://openalex.org/W2900874091","https://openalex.org/W2910369831","https://openalex.org/W2940944289","https://openalex.org/W2950573969","https://openalex.org/W2951438725","https://openalex.org/W2952479794","https://openalex.org/W2954155836","https://openalex.org/W2954963846","https://openalex.org/W2955344300","https://openalex.org/W2963176735","https://openalex.org/W2963212997","https://openalex.org/W2963703945","https://openalex.org/W2965301120","https://openalex.org/W2980074538","https://openalex.org/W2981706872","https://openalex.org/W2990734142","https://openalex.org/W2992330791","https://openalex.org/W3001818559","https://openalex.org/W3012254459","https://openalex.org/W3095334290","https://openalex.org/W3096686786","https://openalex.org/W3108634112","https://openalex.org/W3122555508","https://openalex.org/W3156161219","https://openalex.org/W4205893250","https://openalex.org/W6600069266"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3009009008","https://openalex.org/W1504819070","https://openalex.org/W4281767292","https://openalex.org/W2350545679","https://openalex.org/W4389328405","https://openalex.org/W2394072345","https://openalex.org/W4322757579","https://openalex.org/W3012199530","https://openalex.org/W4285821887","https://openalex.org/W2353632540"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,39],"healthcare":[1,58],"industry":[2],"faces":[3],"serious":[4],"problems":[5,175],"with":[6],"health":[7,10,36,69,91,118,163,177],"data.":[8,88,143,178],"Firstly,":[9],"data":[11,32,44,54,92,99,119,164],"is":[12,26,64,124,243],"fragmented":[13],"and":[14,61,78,111,190,242],"its":[15],"quality":[16,40],"needs":[17,46],"to":[18,28,47,73,140,238],"be":[19,48,76,102],"improved.":[20],"Data":[21],"fragmentation":[22],"means":[23],"that":[24],"it":[25],"difficult":[27],"integrate":[29],"the":[30,145,173,181,207,215,228,232,236],"patient":[31],"stored":[33],"by":[34],"multiple":[35,131],"service":[37,59],"providers.":[38],"of":[41,96,147,176,183,231],"these":[42,151],"heterogeneous":[43],"also":[45,107,197],"improved":[49],"for":[50,126,203,246],"better":[51],"utilization.":[52],"Secondly,":[53],"sharing":[55,68,93,120],"among":[56],"patients,":[57],"providers":[60],"medical":[62],"researchers":[63],"inadequate.":[65],"Thirdly,":[66],"while":[67],"data,":[70],"patients'":[71],"right":[72],"privacy":[74],"must":[75],"protected,":[77],"patients":[79,205],"should":[80],"have":[81,114],"authority":[82,110],"over":[83],"who":[84,133],"can":[85,100],"access":[86],"their":[87,142,211],"In":[89],"traditional":[90],"system,":[94],"because":[95],"centralized":[97],"management,":[98],"easily":[101],"stolen,":[103],"manipulated.":[104],"These":[105],"systems":[106],"ignore":[108],"patient's":[109],"privacy.":[112],"Researchers":[113],"proposed":[115],"some":[116],"blockchain-based":[117],"solutions":[121,152],"where":[122],"blockchain":[123],"used":[125],"consensus":[127],"management.":[128],"Blockchain":[129],"enables":[130],"parties":[132],"do":[134],"not":[135,154],"fully":[136],"trust":[137],"each":[138],"other":[139],"exchange":[141],"However,":[144],"practice":[146],"smart":[148,185,193],"contracts":[149,186],"supporting":[150],"has":[153],"been":[155],"studied":[156],"in":[157,187,206],"detail.":[158],"We":[159,179,196,209],"propose":[160,191],"CrowdMed-II,":[161],"a":[162,199],"management":[165],"framework":[166,189,237],"based":[167,213],"on":[168,214,218,223],"blockchain,":[169],"which":[170],"could":[171],"address":[172],"above-mentioned":[174],"study":[180],"design":[182,221],"major":[184],"our":[188],"two":[192],"contract":[194,202],"structures.":[195],"introduce":[198],"novel":[200],"search":[201],"searching":[204],"framework.":[208,233],"evaluate":[210],"efficiency":[212],"execution":[216],"costs":[217,230],"Ethereum.":[219],"Our":[220],"improves":[222],"those":[224],"previously":[225],"proposed,":[226],"lowering":[227],"computational":[229],"This":[234],"allows":[235],"operate":[239],"at":[240],"scale":[241],"more":[244],"feasible":[245],"widespread":[247],"adoption.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
