{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391290232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-024-03667-8","title":"Mitigating communications threats in decentralized federated learning through moving target defense","display_name":"Mitigating communications threats in decentralized federated learning through moving target defense","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391290232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-024-03667-8"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11276-024-03667-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-024-03667-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11276-024-03667-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205498627","display_name":"Wireless Networks","issn_l":"1022-0038","issn":["1022-0038","1572-8196"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11276-024-03667-8.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089156582","display_name":"Enrique Tom\u00e1s Mart\u00ednez Beltr\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5169-2815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Enrique Tom\u00e1s Mart\u00ednez Beltr\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5169-2815","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068451806","display_name":"Pedro Miguel S\u00e1nchez S\u00e1nchez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6444-2102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Miguel S\u00e1nchez S\u00e1nchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049029315","display_name":"Sergio L\u00f3pez Bernal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1869-1965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio L\u00f3pez Bernal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070889566","display_name":"G\u00e9r\u00f4me Bovet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-3483"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G\u00e9r\u00f4me Bovet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyber-Defence Campus, Armasuisse Science and Technology, 3602, Thun, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber-Defence Campus, Armasuisse Science and Technology, 3602, Thun, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033414840","display_name":"Manuel Gil P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7768-9665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Gil P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059796926","display_name":"Gregorio Mart\u00ednez P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5532-6604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregorio Mart\u00ednez P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063531116","display_name":"Alberto Huertas Celdr\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7125-1710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","display_name":"University of Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02crff812","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Huertas Celdr\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication Systems Group, Department of Informatics (IFI), University of Zurich, 8050, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication Systems Group, Department of Informatics (IFI), University of Zurich, 8050, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089156582"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"fwci":3.4022,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92755517,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"9","first_page":"7407","last_page":"7421"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8905890583992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federated-learning","display_name":"Federated learning","score":0.714893639087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.48984572291374207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.32961446046829224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3254583775997162}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8905890583992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992525071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671","display_name":"Federated learning","level":2,"score":0.714893639087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.48984572291374207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.32961446046829224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3254583775997162}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11276-024-03667-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-024-03667-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11276-024-03667-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205498627","display_name":"Wireless Networks","issn_l":"1022-0038","issn":["1022-0038","1572-8196"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11276-024-03667-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-024-03667-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11276-024-03667-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205498627","display_name":"Wireless Networks","issn_l":"1022-0038","issn":["1022-0038","1572-8196"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8905950576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21629/FPI/21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310087","funder_display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n S\u00e9neca"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310087","display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n S\u00e9neca","ror":"https://ror.org/03q68pf65"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322805","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391290232.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007339694","https://openalex.org/W3034245034","https://openalex.org/W3091870957","https://openalex.org/W3148392649","https://openalex.org/W3178974671","https://openalex.org/W3216043818","https://openalex.org/W4210949749","https://openalex.org/W4280629123","https://openalex.org/W4298148350","https://openalex.org/W4313650586","https://openalex.org/W4317935271","https://openalex.org/W4318978799","https://openalex.org/W4321381025","https://openalex.org/W4321488247","https://openalex.org/W4383532699","https://openalex.org/W4386766438","https://openalex.org/W4389396142","https://openalex.org/W6601462914"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4298221930","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2777914285","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4287823391","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W3013363440","https://openalex.org/W2382290278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,113,137,189],"rise":[2],"of":[3,12,55,64,70,152,191,212],"Decentralized":[4],"Federated":[5],"Learning":[6],"(DFL)":[7],"has":[8],"enabled":[9],"the":[10,45,52,56,59,65,68,148,153,192,200,215],"training":[11],"machine":[13],"learning":[14],"models":[15],"across":[16],"federated":[17],"participants,":[18,66],"fostering":[19],"decentralized":[20,53],"model":[21,89],"aggregation":[22,57],"and":[23,62,67,76,121,134,150,160,179,186,203,231],"reducing":[24],"dependence":[25],"on":[26,91],"a":[27,71,86,103,143,171,181],"server.":[28],"However,":[29],"this":[30,82,100],"approach":[31],"introduces":[32,102],"unique":[33],"communication":[34],"security":[35,104,116,138,168,193],"challenges":[36,48],"that":[37],"have":[38,163],"yet":[39],"to":[40,74,96,106],"be":[41],"thoroughly":[42],"addressed":[43],"in":[44,142,220,228],"literature.":[46],"These":[47],"primarily":[49],"originate":[50],"from":[51],"nature":[54],"process,":[58],"varied":[60],"roles":[61],"responsibilities":[63],"absence":[69],"central":[72],"authority":[73],"oversee":[75],"mitigate":[77],"threats.":[78],"Addressing":[79],"these":[80,97],"challenges,":[81],"paper":[83],"first":[84],"delineates":[85],"comprehensive":[87],"threat":[88],"focused":[90],"DFL":[92,111,144,156],"communications.":[93],"In":[94],"response":[95],"identified":[98],"risks,":[99],"work":[101],"module":[105,114,139,194],"counter":[107],"communication-based":[108],"attacks":[109],"for":[110],"platforms.":[112],"combines":[115],"techniques":[117],"such":[118],"as":[119],"symmetric":[120],"asymmetric":[122],"encryption":[123,185],"with":[124,158,199,214,244],"Moving":[125],"Target":[126],"Defense":[127],"(MTD)":[128],"techniques,":[129],"including":[130],"random":[131],"neighbor":[132],"selection":[133],"IP/port":[135],"switching.":[136],"is":[140,195],"implemented":[141],"platform,":[145],"Fedstellar,":[146],"allowing":[147],"deployment":[149],"monitoring":[151],"federation.":[154],"A":[155],"scenario":[157],"physical":[159],"virtual":[161,229],"deployments":[162,230],"been":[164],"executed,":[165],"encompassing":[166],"three":[167],"configurations:":[169],"(i)":[170],"baseline":[172],"without":[173],"security,":[174],"(ii)":[175],"an":[176,208],"encrypted":[177],"configuration,":[178],"(iii)":[180],"configuration":[182,218],"integrating":[183],"both":[184],"MTD":[187],"techniques.":[188],"effectiveness":[190],"validated":[196],"through":[197],"experiments":[198],"MNIST":[201],"dataset":[202],"eclipse":[204,247],"attacks.The":[205],"results":[206],"showed":[207],"average":[209],"F1":[210],"score":[211],"95%,":[213],"most":[216],"secure":[217],"resulting":[219],"CPU":[221],"usage":[222],"peaking":[223],"at":[224],"68%":[225],"(\u00b1":[226,237],"9%)":[227],"network":[232],"traffic":[233],"reaching":[234],"480.8":[235],"MB":[236],"18":[238],"MB),":[239],"effectively":[240],"mitigating":[241],"risks":[242],"associated":[243],"eavesdropping":[245],"or":[246],"attacks.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}