{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7134270577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-026-02771-w","title":"Implicit Non-Causal Factors are Out via Dataset Splitting for Domain Generalization Object Detection","display_name":"Implicit Non-Causal Factors are Out via Dataset Splitting for Domain Generalization Object Detection","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7134270577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-026-02771-w"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11263-026-02771-w","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-026-02771-w","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25538012","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","issn_l":"0920-5691","issn":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101764889","display_name":"Zhilong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9328-9098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhilong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception and Multimodal Intelligent Information Processing, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception and Multimodal Intelligent Information Processing, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128682963","display_name":"Lei Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception and Multimodal Intelligent Information Processing, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5305-8543","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception and Multimodal Intelligent Information Processing, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023499987","display_name":"Qiang He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2607-4556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception and Multimodal Intelligent Information Processing, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception and Multimodal Intelligent Information Processing, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128673323","display_name":"Shuyin Xia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuyin Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence, Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Big Data Intelligent Security, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence, Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Big Data Intelligent Security, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128651726","display_name":"Guoyin Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126924076","display_name":"Chongqing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dcw5w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126924076"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoyin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Applied Mathematics in Chongqing, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Applied Mathematics in Chongqing, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126924076"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120992997","display_name":"Fuxiang Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuxiang Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception and Multimodal Intelligent Information Processing, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","School of Data Science, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception and Multimodal Intelligent Information Processing, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data Science, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5128682963"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22809557,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"134","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.43560001254081726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.43560001254081726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.10559999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.08139999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.6360999941825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6227999925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.6015999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5371999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5022000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-neuroscience-of-visual-object-recognition","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","score":0.32440000772476196}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6604999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.6360999941825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6227999925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.614799976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.6015999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5371999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5022000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.40540000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64876066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141226","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","level":3,"score":0.32440000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193536780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513153","display_name":"Edge detection","level":4,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182521987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493877","display_name":"Viola\u2013Jones object detection framework","level":5,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71681937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object-class detection","level":5,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11263-026-02771-w","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-026-02771-w","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25538012","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","issn_l":"0920-5691","issn":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.40008074045181274}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994616650","https://openalex.org/W2031342017","https://openalex.org/W2037227137","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2340897893","https://openalex.org/W2748021867","https://openalex.org/W2763549966","https://openalex.org/W2798658180","https://openalex.org/W2908436867","https://openalex.org/W2954171777","https://openalex.org/W2955889502","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963043696","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963730616","https://openalex.org/W2964115968","https://openalex.org/W2968634921","https://openalex.org/W2977464309","https://openalex.org/W2979548969","https://openalex.org/W2990740643","https://openalex.org/W3033161486","https://openalex.org/W3034373371","https://openalex.org/W3034779842","https://openalex.org/W3034937575","https://openalex.org/W3035564946","https://openalex.org/W3035673985","https://openalex.org/W3107610277","https://openalex.org/W3110011650","https://openalex.org/W3116963012","https://openalex.org/W3180439858","https://openalex.org/W3183864931","https://openalex.org/W3196024568","https://openalex.org/W3204359931","https://openalex.org/W4214716613","https://openalex.org/W4313069894","https://openalex.org/W4317033383","https://openalex.org/W4385757408","https://openalex.org/W4386076100","https://openalex.org/W4386116342","https://openalex.org/W4391697035","https://openalex.org/W4393148824","https://openalex.org/W4394625716","https://openalex.org/W4400679353","https://openalex.org/W4401210888","https://openalex.org/W4401328702","https://openalex.org/W4402754155","https://openalex.org/W7133207503"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-11T06:11:40.159057","created_date":"2026-02-02T00:00:00"}
