{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406698870","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-025-02356-z","title":"GL-MCM: Global and Local Maximum Concept Matching for Zero-Shot Out-of-Distribution Detection","display_name":"GL-MCM: Global and Local Maximum Concept Matching for Zero-Shot Out-of-Distribution Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406698870","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-025-02356-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11263-025-02356-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-025-02356-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11263-025-02356-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25538012","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","issn_l":"0920-5691","issn":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11263-025-02356-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051144269","display_name":"Atsuyuki Miyai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9172-6014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Atsuyuki Miyai","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100337761","display_name":"Qing Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6965-9581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["LY Corporation, Tokyo, Japan","The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LY Corporation, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017607351","display_name":"Go Irie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4309-4700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161296585","display_name":"Tokyo University of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05sj3n476","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161296585"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Go Irie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161296585"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069982192","display_name":"Kiyoharu Aizawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2146-6275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kiyoharu Aizawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051144269"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3690},"apc_paid":{"value":2890,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3690},"fwci":9.834,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97848397,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"133","issue":"6","first_page":"3586","last_page":"3596"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9815999865531921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5845039486885071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5830312967300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero","display_name":"Zero (linguistics)","score":0.5772963762283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5010428428649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shot","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","score":0.48205670714378357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.48099076747894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41750386357307434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3991527557373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.33329489827156067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.25722938776016235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.10659092664718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.09637856483459473}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5845039486885071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5830312967300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780813799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3274237","display_name":"Zero (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5772963762283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5010428428649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778344882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278938","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","level":2,"score":0.48205670714378357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.48099076747894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41750386357307434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3991527557373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.33329489827156067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.25722938776016235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.10659092664718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.09637856483459473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11263-025-02356-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-025-02356-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11263-025-02356-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25538012","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","issn_l":"0920-5691","issn":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11263-025-02356-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-025-02356-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11263-025-02356-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25538012","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","issn_l":"0920-5691","issn":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1832163449","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPMJCR22U4","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","funder_display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322832","display_name":"University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406698870.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406698870.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2017814585","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2047643928","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2531327146","https://openalex.org/W2732026016","https://openalex.org/W2767414122","https://openalex.org/W2797977484","https://openalex.org/W2867167548","https://openalex.org/W2886641317","https://openalex.org/W2895752198","https://openalex.org/W2963875483","https://openalex.org/W2973218493","https://openalex.org/W3034408878","https://openalex.org/W3034709866","https://openalex.org/W3113089224","https://openalex.org/W3121064530","https://openalex.org/W3135367836","https://openalex.org/W3175534941","https://openalex.org/W3181933907","https://openalex.org/W3198377975","https://openalex.org/W3203485920","https://openalex.org/W4205725534","https://openalex.org/W4283313485","https://openalex.org/W4283819124","https://openalex.org/W4285192809","https://openalex.org/W4306313214","https://openalex.org/W4310271234","https://openalex.org/W4312776478","https://openalex.org/W4312956471","https://openalex.org/W4312960937","https://openalex.org/W4313175608","https://openalex.org/W4379473784","https://openalex.org/W4386076397","https://openalex.org/W4386890345","https://openalex.org/W4390873118","https://openalex.org/W4393399635","https://openalex.org/W4399399234","https://openalex.org/W4404612908","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6784323503","https://openalex.org/W6794559225","https://openalex.org/W6797080668","https://openalex.org/W6810300553","https://openalex.org/W6850699313"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074502265","https://openalex.org/W4214877189","https://openalex.org/W2773965352","https://openalex.org/W2381179799","https://openalex.org/W2980279061","https://openalex.org/W2334685461","https://openalex.org/W2366718574","https://openalex.org/W2359774528","https://openalex.org/W4298312966","https://openalex.org/W2325697621"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Zero-shot":[1],"OOD":[2,9,42],"detection":[3,54],"is":[4,131,152],"a":[5,25,113],"task":[6],"that":[7,124],"detects":[8],"images":[10,23,111],"during":[11],"inference":[12],"with":[13,112],"only":[14],"in-distribution":[15],"(ID)":[16],"class":[17],"names.":[18],"Existing":[19],"methods":[20,129],"assume":[21],"ID":[22,40,65,110,148],"contain":[24],"single,":[26],"centered":[27],"object,":[28],"and":[29,41,92,120,130],"do":[30],"not":[31],"consider":[32],"the":[33,48,53,58,62,88,98,107,144],"more":[34],"realistic":[35],"multi-object":[36,121],"scenarios,":[37],"where":[38],"both":[39],"objects":[43],"are":[44],"present.":[45],"To":[46,67],"meet":[47],"needs":[49],"of":[50,64,90,109,147],"many":[51],"users,":[52],"method":[55],"must":[56],"have":[57],"flexibility":[59,141],"to":[60,86,97,133],"adapt":[61],"type":[63,108,146],"images.":[66,149],"this":[68],"end,":[69],"we":[70],"present":[71],"Global-Local":[72],"Maximum":[73],"Concept":[74],"Matching":[75],"(GL-MCM),":[76],"which":[77],"incorporates":[78],"local":[79,93],"image":[80],"scores":[81],"as":[82],"an":[83],"auxiliary":[84],"score":[85,101],"enhance":[87],"separability":[89],"global":[91],"visual":[94],"features.":[95],"Due":[96],"simple":[99],"ensemble":[100],"function":[102],"design,":[103],"GL-MCM":[104,125,138],"can":[105],"control":[106],"single":[114],"weight":[115],"parameter.":[116],"Experiments":[117],"on":[118],"ImageNet":[119],"benchmarks":[122],"demonstrate":[123],"outperforms":[126],"baseline":[127],"zero-shot":[128],"comparable":[132],"fully":[134],"supervised":[135],"methods.":[136],"Furthermore,":[137],"offers":[139],"strong":[140],"in":[142],"adjusting":[143],"target":[145],"The":[150],"code":[151],"available":[153],"via":[154],"https://github.com/AtsuMiyai/GL-MCM":[155],".":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}