{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2952228917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-018-1116-0","title":"Making the V in VQA Matter: Elevating the Role of Image Understanding in Visual Question Answering","display_name":"Making the V in VQA Matter: Elevating the Role of Image Understanding in Visual Question Answering","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2952228917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-018-1116-0","mag":"2952228917"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11263-018-1116-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-018-1116-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25538012","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","issn_l":"0920-5691","issn":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1612.00837","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024021293","display_name":"Yash Goyal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-7422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yash Goyal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, USA","Virginia Tech"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018976766","display_name":"Tejas Khot","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tejas Khot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Virginia Tech"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Aishwarya Agrawal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aishwarya Agrawal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, USA","Army Research laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Research laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011052950","display_name":"Douglas Summers-Stay","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas Summers-Stay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Army Research Lab, Adelphi, MD, USA","#N#\u2021#N#Georgia Institute of Technology#N#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Research Lab, Adelphi, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#\u2021#N#Georgia Institute of Technology#N#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014035752","display_name":"Dhruv Batra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dhruv Batra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook AI Research, Menlo Park, CA, USA","Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, USA","#N#\u2021#N#Georgia Institute of Technology#N#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook AI Research, Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444","https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#\u2021#N#Georgia Institute of Technology#N#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050342343","display_name":"Devi Parikh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Devi Parikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook AI Research, Menlo Park, CA, USA","Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook AI Research, Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444","https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024021293"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444","https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5102,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94873769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"127","issue":"4","first_page":"398","last_page":"414"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9535999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.8555907011032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7070385813713074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prior-probability","display_name":"Prior probability","score":0.6952987909317017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6083086729049683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6039206385612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.599394679069519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.49601563811302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4922996759414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4805765151977539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.45171666145324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.4169074594974518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4164454936981201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.40427568554878235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.14289575815200806}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.8555907011032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7070385813713074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177769412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278090","display_name":"Prior probability","level":3,"score":0.6952987909317017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6083086729049683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6039206385612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.599394679069519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49601563811302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4922996759414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4805765151977539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.45171666145324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.4169074594974518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4164454936981201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.40427568554878235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.14289575815200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11263-018-1116-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-018-1116-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25538012","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","issn_l":"0920-5691","issn":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1612.00837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1612.00837","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1612.00837","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2952228917","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://export.arxiv.org/pdf/1612.00837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1612.00837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1612.00837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1612.00837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1612.00837","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1612.00837","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309480","display_name":"Nvidia","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2952228917.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2952228917.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488163396","https://openalex.org/W1527575280","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1895577753","https://openalex.org/W1895989618","https://openalex.org/W1905882502","https://openalex.org/W1931639407","https://openalex.org/W1933349210","https://openalex.org/W1947481528","https://openalex.org/W2031342017","https://openalex.org/W2055132753","https://openalex.org/W2130827850","https://openalex.org/W2142192571","https://openalex.org/W2151498684","https://openalex.org/W2159243025","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2202226326","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2293453011","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2332488709","https://openalex.org/W2442626797","https://openalex.org/W2463565445","https://openalex.org/W2471094925","https://openalex.org/W2512152365","https://openalex.org/W2521737809","https://openalex.org/W2529436507","https://openalex.org/W2561715562","https://openalex.org/W2597425697","https://openalex.org/W2597603852","https://openalex.org/W2745461083","https://openalex.org/W2962749469","https://openalex.org/W2962896653","https://openalex.org/W2963150162","https://openalex.org/W2963191264","https://openalex.org/W2963224792","https://openalex.org/W2963260436","https://openalex.org/W2963383024","https://openalex.org/W2963398599","https://openalex.org/W2963644680","https://openalex.org/W2963656855","https://openalex.org/W2963890019","https://openalex.org/W2963890755","https://openalex.org/W2963954913","https://openalex.org/W2964118342","https://openalex.org/W2964345214","https://openalex.org/W6634232107","https://openalex.org/W6715144786","https://openalex.org/W6728881024"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2950761309","https://openalex.org/W2412400526","https://openalex.org/W2463565445","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2171810632","https://openalex.org/W2949650786","https://openalex.org/W1514535095","https://openalex.org/W2277195237","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2951619830","https://openalex.org/W2949218037","https://openalex.org/W2745461083","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2952246170","https://openalex.org/W2190656909","https://openalex.org/W2136462581","https://openalex.org/W2416885651","https://openalex.org/W2255577267","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W2273038706"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T23:56:10.502304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}