{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2026753976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-009-0283-4","title":"3D Human Motion Tracking with a Coordinated Mixture of\u00a0Factor Analyzers","display_name":"3D Human Motion Tracking with a Coordinated Mixture of\u00a0Factor Analyzers","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-08-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2026753976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-009-0283-4","mag":"2026753976"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11263-009-0283-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-009-0283-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11263-009-0283-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25538012","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","issn_l":"0920-5691","issn":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11263-009-0283-4.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100448582","display_name":"Rui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0007-4360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA","Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, USA 02215#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, USA 02215#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109225019","display_name":"Tai-Peng Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tai-Peng Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA","Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, USA 02215#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, USA 02215#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042663603","display_name":"Stan Sclaroff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0711-4313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stan Sclaroff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA","Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, USA 02215#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, USA 02215#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100418319","display_name":"Ming\u2013Hsuan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4848-2304"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156087764","display_name":"University of California, Merced","ror":"https://ror.org/00d9ah105","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156087764"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Hsuan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Merced, CA, 95344, USA","Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Merced, USA 95344"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Merced, CA, 95344, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156087764"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Merced, USA 95344","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156087764"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100448582"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"],"apc_list":{"value":3690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3690},"apc_paid":{"value":3690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3690},"fwci":20.3779,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99126016,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"87","issue":"1-2","first_page":"170","last_page":"190"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9501000046730042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.7008501887321472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6743201017379761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Nonlinear dimensionality reduction","score":0.6503458023071289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5986637473106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manifold","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","score":0.5488184690475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pose","display_name":"Pose","score":0.5373157262802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4723972976207733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.45140019059181213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4434102475643158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.4323309063911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4269092381000519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32151246070861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.2613521218299866}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.7008501887321472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6743201017379761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151876577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7049464","display_name":"Nonlinear dimensionality reduction","level":3,"score":0.6503458023071289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5986637473106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529865628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790740","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","level":2,"score":0.5488184690475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52102323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671968","display_name":"Pose","level":2,"score":0.5373157262802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4723972976207733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.45140019059181213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4434102475643158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.4323309063911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4269092381000519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32151246070861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.2613521218299866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11263-009-0283-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-009-0283-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11263-009-0283-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25538012","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","issn_l":"0920-5691","issn":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt2sn2v1ht","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sn2v1ht","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision, vol 87, iss 1","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hanyang.ac.kr:20.500.11754/85742","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11263-009-0283-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401328","display_name":"The Royal Society of Chemistry\u2019s Journals, Books and Databases (The Royal Society of Chemistry)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2751430930","host_organization_name":"Royal Society of Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2751430930"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11263-009-0283-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-009-0283-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11263-009-0283-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25538012","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","issn_l":"0920-5691","issn":["0920-5691","1573-1405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2026753976.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2026753976.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W130079045","https://openalex.org/W161994183","https://openalex.org/W1524704912","https://openalex.org/W1537607066","https://openalex.org/W1551519658","https://openalex.org/W1589844095","https://openalex.org/W1639095821","https://openalex.org/W1643263348","https://openalex.org/W1662191912","https://openalex.org/W1672049915","https://openalex.org/W1865572126","https://openalex.org/W1965026065","https://openalex.org/W2001141328","https://openalex.org/W2030991373","https://openalex.org/W2032481801","https://openalex.org/W2038885294","https://openalex.org/W2051567001","https://openalex.org/W2053186076","https://openalex.org/W2097412577","https://openalex.org/W2099768828","https://openalex.org/W2100247253","https://openalex.org/W2102630415","https://openalex.org/W2103428420","https://openalex.org/W2107628931","https://openalex.org/W2107636931","https://openalex.org/W2108825216","https://openalex.org/W2110370029","https://openalex.org/W2112148214","https://openalex.org/W2115979064","https://openalex.org/W2119548491","https://openalex.org/W2120636621","https://openalex.org/W2124609748","https://openalex.org/W2125489247","https://openalex.org/W2126559756","https://openalex.org/W2131432112","https://openalex.org/W2132799079","https://openalex.org/W2133716807","https://openalex.org/W2136606146","https://openalex.org/W2136877925","https://openalex.org/W2139461634","https://openalex.org/W2140095548","https://openalex.org/W2141218264","https://openalex.org/W2143073828","https://openalex.org/W2144124341","https://openalex.org/W2151259142","https://openalex.org/W2152386463","https://openalex.org/W2152926413","https://openalex.org/W2155008293","https://openalex.org/W2155351433","https://openalex.org/W2156287497","https://openalex.org/W2156718197","https://openalex.org/W2165876389","https://openalex.org/W2168175751","https://openalex.org/W2169779569","https://openalex.org/W2171461439","https://openalex.org/W2540133481","https://openalex.org/W2911546748","https://openalex.org/W3146358763","https://openalex.org/W3148215922","https://openalex.org/W4211177544","https://openalex.org/W4249218874","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4297792979","https://openalex.org/W6637261936","https://openalex.org/W6674989108","https://openalex.org/W6676938131","https://openalex.org/W6678007500","https://openalex.org/W6681061655"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W117517268","https://openalex.org/W2148415967","https://openalex.org/W2383239174","https://openalex.org/W2362829263","https://openalex.org/W2010679820","https://openalex.org/W1505873999","https://openalex.org/W3159953198","https://openalex.org/W49725993","https://openalex.org/W2380477800","https://openalex.org/W2166963679"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"major":[1],"challenge":[2],"in":[3,45,95,125,170],"applying":[4],"Bayesian":[5,73,150,206],"tracking":[6,9,176,207],"methods":[7],"for":[8,69,175],"3D":[10,29,177,194],"human":[11,30,178],"body":[12,31,179],"pose":[13,20,32,195],"is":[14,54,86,98,117,160],"the":[15,19,28,46,57,96,109,115,137,143,146,153,165,188],"high":[16],"dimensionality":[17,102,144],"of":[18,51,83,108,114,136,139,145,152,157,164],"state":[21,64],"space.":[22,48],"It":[23],"has":[24],"been":[25],"observed":[26],"that":[27,61,104,187],"parameters":[33],"typically":[34],"can":[35,66],"be":[36,67],"assumed":[37],"to":[38,55],"lie":[39],"on":[40,183],"a":[41,62,79,99,106,126,148,171],"low-dimensional":[42,58,63],"manifold":[43,59,116],"embedded":[44],"high-dimensional":[47],"The":[49,111,162],"goal":[50],"this":[52,77],"work":[53],"approximate":[56],"so":[60],"vector":[65],"obtained":[68,118,201],"efficient":[70],"and":[71,133,142],"effective":[72],"tracking.":[74],"To":[75,130],"achieve":[76],"goal,":[78],"globally":[80,154],"coordinated":[81,155],"mixture":[82,97,156],"factor":[84,93,140,158],"analyzers":[85,141,159],"learned":[87],"from":[88,202],"motion":[89],"capture":[90],"data.":[91],"Each":[92],"analyzer":[94],"\u201clocally":[100],"linear":[101,123],"reducer\u201d":[103],"approximates":[105],"part":[107],"manifold.":[110],"global":[112,127],"parametrization":[113],"by":[119],"aligning":[120],"these":[121],"locally":[122],"pieces":[124],"coordinate":[128],"system.":[129],"enable":[131],"automatic":[132],"optimal":[134],"selection":[135],"number":[138],"manifold,":[147],"variational":[149],"formulation":[151],"proposed.":[161],"advantages":[163],"proposed":[166,189,205],"model":[167],"are":[168],"demonstrated":[169],"multiple":[172],"hypothesis":[173],"tracker":[174],"pose.":[180],"Quantitative":[181],"comparisons":[182],"benchmark":[184],"datasets":[185],"show":[186],"method":[190],"produces":[191],"more":[192],"accurate":[193],"estimates":[196],"over":[197],"time":[198],"than":[199],"those":[200],"two":[203],"previously":[204],"methods.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
