{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2781503129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1666-7","title":"No evidence amalgamation without evidence measurement","display_name":"No evidence amalgamation without evidence measurement","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2781503129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1666-7","mag":"2781503129"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11229-017-1666-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1666-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11229-017-1666-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S255146","display_name":"Synthese","issn_l":"0039-7857","issn":["0039-7857","1573-0964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Synthese","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11229-017-1666-7.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007970056","display_name":"Veronica J. Vieland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3004-3840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314135232","display_name":"Nationwide Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/003rfsp33","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314135232"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325736334","display_name":"Battelle","ror":"https://ror.org/01h5tnr73","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Veronica J. Vieland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Battelle Center for Mathematical Medicine, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA","Departments of Pediatrics and Statistics, The Ohio State University, WB5129, 575 Children\u2019s Crossroad, Columbus, OH, 43215, USA","Battelle Center for Mathematical Medicine, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3004-3840","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Battelle Center for Mathematical Medicine, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314135232","https://openalex.org/I1325736334"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pediatrics and Statistics, The Ohio State University, WB5129, 575 Children\u2019s Crossroad, Columbus, OH, 43215, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Battelle Center for Mathematical Medicine, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314135232","https://openalex.org/I1325736334"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102734697","display_name":"Ha\u1e61ok Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1287-4509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hasok Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Free School Lane, Cambridge, CB2 3RH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Free School Lane, Cambridge, CB2 3RH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007970056"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314135232","https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I52357470"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":1.5178,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84243799,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"196","issue":"8","first_page":"3139","last_page":"3161"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13398","display_name":"Data Analysis with R","score":0.9739000201225281,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11918","display_name":"Forecasting Techniques and Applications","score":0.9444000124931335,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.6593747138977051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-language","display_name":"Philosophy of language","score":0.6221435070037842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6171778440475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5638808608055115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","score":0.5521138310432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5521114468574524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5068941712379456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.5051241517066956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-problem","display_name":"Measurement problem","score":0.49179890751838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-science","display_name":"Philosophy of science","score":0.4524366855621338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.34784427285194397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaphysics","display_name":"Metaphysics","score":0.31889742612838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27699679136276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.2331647276878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.15935057401657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.11324694752693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08110442757606506}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.6593747138977051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123556308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484761","display_name":"Philosophy of language","level":3,"score":0.6221435070037842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6171778440475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5638808608055115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5521138310432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5521114468574524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5068941712379456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5051241517066956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169402740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2590381","display_name":"Measurement problem","level":3,"score":0.49179890751838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110099512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59115","display_name":"Philosophy of science","level":2,"score":0.4524366855621338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.34784427285194397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182744844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35277","display_name":"Metaphysics","level":2,"score":0.31889742612838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27699679136276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2331647276878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.15935057401657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.11324694752693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08110442757606506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11229-017-1666-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1666-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11229-017-1666-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S255146","display_name":"Synthese","issn_l":"0039-7857","issn":["0039-7857","1573-0964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Synthese","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/309282","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/309282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.17863/cam.56380","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.56380","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050737","display_name":"Apollo","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11229-017-1666-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1666-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11229-017-1666-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S255146","display_name":"Synthese","issn_l":"0039-7857","issn":["0039-7857","1573-0964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Synthese","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306159","display_name":"W. M. Keck Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/000dswa46"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2781503129.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2781503129.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W60178357","https://openalex.org/W114083475","https://openalex.org/W158186930","https://openalex.org/W407958326","https://openalex.org/W1494063298","https://openalex.org/W1533179050","https://openalex.org/W1633719812","https://openalex.org/W1981373056","https://openalex.org/W2009435671","https://openalex.org/W2027255954","https://openalex.org/W2062216009","https://openalex.org/W2101926378","https://openalex.org/W2106973122","https://openalex.org/W2120052484","https://openalex.org/W2124171669","https://openalex.org/W2126163471","https://openalex.org/W2143474346","https://openalex.org/W2162788228","https://openalex.org/W2170504163","https://openalex.org/W2293040502","https://openalex.org/W2321648493","https://openalex.org/W2484245374","https://openalex.org/W2500430874","https://openalex.org/W2508066343","https://openalex.org/W2587865575","https://openalex.org/W2797148637","https://openalex.org/W2799002609","https://openalex.org/W3146501913","https://openalex.org/W4211177544","https://openalex.org/W4230578711","https://openalex.org/W4236977279","https://openalex.org/W4246696576","https://openalex.org/W4248010808","https://openalex.org/W4253035632","https://openalex.org/W4300201699","https://openalex.org/W4300944962","https://openalex.org/W4301157693","https://openalex.org/W4301347335","https://openalex.org/W4319783519","https://openalex.org/W6631984995","https://openalex.org/W6676312292","https://openalex.org/W6678846543","https://openalex.org/W6790903045","https://openalex.org/W7062015798"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1113816724","https://openalex.org/W2092285106","https://openalex.org/W2066948025","https://openalex.org/W1979976576","https://openalex.org/W2910238174","https://openalex.org/W4241096138","https://openalex.org/W3088603813","https://openalex.org/W4301358874","https://openalex.org/W1990529896","https://openalex.org/W2803521345"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,50,137],"paper":[2],"we":[3,73,125],"consider":[4],"the":[5,11,17,35,46,60,65,119],"problem":[6,104,120],"of":[7,13,19,39,62,81,89,95,121,129],"how":[8],"to":[9,79,112,118],"measure":[10],"strength":[12],"statistical":[14],"evidence":[15,20,71,82,113,122],"from":[16],"perspective":[18],"amalgamation":[21,29,41,80,114],"operations.":[22],"We":[23,91,106],"begin":[24],"with":[25],"a":[26,54,58,69,109,116],"fundamental":[27],"measurement":[28,103],"principle":[30],"(MAP):":[31],"for":[32],"any":[33],"measurement,":[34,123],"inputs":[36],"and":[37,49,124],"outputs":[38],"an":[40,101],"procedure":[42],"must":[43,52],"be":[44],"on":[45],"same":[47],"scale,":[48],"scale":[51],"have":[53],"meaningful":[55],"interpretation":[56],"vis":[57,59],"object":[61],"measurement.":[63],"Using":[64],"p":[66],"value":[67],"as":[68],"candidate":[70],"measure,":[72],"examine":[74],"various":[75],"commonly":[76],"used":[77],"approaches":[78],"across":[83],"similar":[84],"studies,":[85],"including":[86],"standard":[87],"forms":[88],"meta-analysis.":[90],"show":[92],"that":[93,108,131],"none":[94],"these":[96],"methods":[97],"satisfies":[98],"MAP.":[99],"Thus":[100],"underlying":[102],"remains.":[105],"argue":[107],"successful":[110],"approach":[111],"necessitates":[115],"solution":[117],"suggest":[126],"some":[127],"lines":[128],"reasoning":[130],"might":[132],"guide":[133],"further":[134],"work":[135],"towards":[136],"end.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T08:55:40.977307","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
