{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2773997461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1647-x","title":"The Snow White problem","display_name":"The Snow White problem","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2773997461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1647-x","mag":"2773997461"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11229-017-1647-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1647-x","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11229-017-1647-x.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S255146","display_name":"Synthese","issn_l":"0039-7857","issn":["0039-7857","1573-0964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Synthese","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11229-017-1647-x.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072884667","display_name":"Sylvia Wenmackers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1041-3533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sylvia Wenmackers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Philosophy, Centre for Logic and Analytic Philosophy, KU Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierplein 2, Bus 3200, 3000, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Philosophy, Centre for Logic and Analytic Philosophy, KU Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierplein 2, Bus 3200, 3000, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072884667"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":0.3988,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72725531,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"196","issue":"10","first_page":"4137","last_page":"4153"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11477","display_name":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10258","display_name":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snow","display_name":"Snow","score":0.7129402160644531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beauty","display_name":"Beauty","score":0.6846123337745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-language","display_name":"Philosophy of language","score":0.6315179467201233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-science","display_name":"Philosophy of science","score":0.6293498277664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white","display_name":"White (mutation)","score":0.5390220880508423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subjectivity","display_name":"Subjectivity","score":0.5164587497711182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5046433210372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.4676752984523773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaphysics","display_name":"Metaphysics","score":0.46008825302124023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4315294623374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer","display_name":"Observer (physics)","score":0.429067462682724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.36548542976379395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.36088621616363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.3455352187156677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.17567750811576843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.08131301403045654}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.7129402160644531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780620123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7242","display_name":"Beauty","level":2,"score":0.6846123337745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123556308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484761","display_name":"Philosophy of language","level":3,"score":0.6315179467201233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110099512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59115","display_name":"Philosophy of science","level":2,"score":0.6293498277664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56273599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841","display_name":"White (mutation)","level":3,"score":0.5390220880508423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202889954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139554","display_name":"Subjectivity","level":2,"score":0.5164587497711182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5046433210372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4676752984523773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182744844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35277","display_name":"Metaphysics","level":2,"score":0.46008825302124023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4315294623374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.429067462682724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.36548542976379395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.36088621616363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3455352187156677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.17567750811576843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08131301403045654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11229-017-1647-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1647-x","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11229-017-1647-x.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S255146","display_name":"Synthese","issn_l":"0039-7857","issn":["0039-7857","1573-0964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Synthese","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/601515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/601515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Synthese: an International Journal for Epistemology, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, vol. 196 (10), (4137-4153)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:philsci-archive.pitt.edu:14175","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401282","display_name":"PhilSci-Archive (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Published Article or Volume"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11229-017-1647-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1647-x","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11229-017-1647-x.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S255146","display_name":"Synthese","issn_l":"0039-7857","issn":["0039-7857","1573-0964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Synthese","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8150834336","display_name":"Time, Causality, and Probability in Quantum Mechanics: Assessing Retrocausal Explanations in Light of Recent Experiments","funder_award_id":"G0B8616N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","funder_display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327336","display_name":"Vlaamse regering","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2773997461.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2773997461.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W211313859","https://openalex.org/W1555060350","https://openalex.org/W1815813971","https://openalex.org/W1994248508","https://openalex.org/W2020737429","https://openalex.org/W2071575366","https://openalex.org/W2073436730","https://openalex.org/W2100660185","https://openalex.org/W2124896336","https://openalex.org/W2138835403","https://openalex.org/W2145251637","https://openalex.org/W2160570323","https://openalex.org/W2738444201","https://openalex.org/W2953133878","https://openalex.org/W3175461480","https://openalex.org/W4236717639","https://openalex.org/W4237513172","https://openalex.org/W4239071245","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4301504025","https://openalex.org/W6625349668","https://openalex.org/W6633119856"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979976576","https://openalex.org/W4301358874","https://openalex.org/W4301150450","https://openalex.org/W4250651810","https://openalex.org/W2074061597","https://openalex.org/W4243280206","https://openalex.org/W4237099893","https://openalex.org/W2512236358","https://openalex.org/W2093643983","https://openalex.org/W2995044241"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,51,71,89],"Snow":[1,78],"White":[2,79],"problem":[3,56,103],"is":[4,41,57,74,91,111],"introduced":[5],"to":[6,21,34,59,108,113],"demonstrate":[7],"how":[8],"learning":[9],"something":[10],"of":[11,54],"which":[12,40],"one":[13],"could":[14],"not":[15],"have":[16],"learnt":[17],"the":[18,36,55,77,100,115],"opposite":[19],"(due":[20],"observer":[22],"selection":[23],"bias)":[24],"can":[25,64],"change":[26],"an":[27],"agent\u2019s":[28],"probability":[29,69],"assignment.":[30],"This":[31],"helps":[32],"us":[33],"analyse":[35],"Sleeping":[37,101],"Beauty":[38,102],"problem,":[39],"deconstructed":[42],"as":[43],"a":[44,48],"combinatorial":[45,52],"engine":[46,53],"and":[47,63,104],"subjective":[49,72],"wrapper.":[50],"analogous":[58],"Bertrand\u2019s":[60],"boxes":[61],"paradox":[62],"be":[65],"solved":[66],"with":[67],"standard":[68],"theory.":[70],"wrapper":[73],"clarified":[75],"using":[76],"problem.":[80],"Sample":[81],"spaces":[82],"for":[83],"all":[84],"three":[85],"problems":[86],"are":[87],"presented.":[88],"conclusion":[90],"that":[92,105],"subjectivity":[93],"plays":[94],"no":[95,106],"irreducible":[96],"role":[97],"in":[98],"solving":[99],"reference":[107],"centered":[109],"worlds":[110],"required":[112],"provide":[114],"answer.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}