{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2040588283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-009-9533-9","title":"Four semantic layers of common nouns","display_name":"Four semantic layers of common nouns","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2040588283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-009-9533-9","mag":"2040588283"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11229-009-9533-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-009-9533-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S255146","display_name":"Synthese","issn_l":"0039-7857","issn":["0039-7857","1573-0964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Synthese","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047481324","display_name":"Beihai Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Beihai Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Philosophy, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China","Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065378241","display_name":"Yi Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8624-772X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138172","display_name":"Institute of Information Security","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmfrm44","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138172"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["atsec information security corporation, Austin, USA","atsec information security corporation"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"atsec information security corporation, Austin, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"atsec information security corporation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138172"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047481324"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14604421,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"175","issue":"1","first_page":"47","last_page":"68"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11148","display_name":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11148","display_name":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intension","display_name":"Intension","score":0.9200165867805481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noun","display_name":"Noun","score":0.711944580078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proper-noun","display_name":"Proper noun","score":0.6899396181106567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.6100292801856995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-language","display_name":"Philosophy of language","score":0.578054666519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.5484325885772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.535452127456665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5304659605026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.5274444222450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.5244805216789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-sense","display_name":"Common sense","score":0.5040923357009888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.44890090823173523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.44598543643951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35309267044067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.28178009390830994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaphysics","display_name":"Metaphysics","score":0.2387704849243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.17877519130706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0667506754398346}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61341680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1923256","display_name":"Intension","level":2,"score":0.9200165867805481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121934690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1084","display_name":"Noun","level":2,"score":0.711944580078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41417386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147276","display_name":"Proper noun","level":2,"score":0.6899396181106567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.6100292801856995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123556308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484761","display_name":"Philosophy of language","level":3,"score":0.578054666519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5484325885772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.535452127456665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5304659605026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5274444222450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5244805216789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779814899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332880","display_name":"Common sense","level":2,"score":0.5040923357009888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.44890090823173523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.44598543643951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35309267044067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.28178009390830994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182744844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35277","display_name":"Metaphysics","level":2,"score":0.2387704849243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.17877519130706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0667506754398346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11229-009-9533-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-009-9533-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S255146","display_name":"Synthese","issn_l":"0039-7857","issn":["0039-7857","1573-0964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Synthese","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26772505","https://openalex.org/W174342562","https://openalex.org/W572409344","https://openalex.org/W958291881","https://openalex.org/W1520336201","https://openalex.org/W1538329652","https://openalex.org/W1715370906","https://openalex.org/W1754255847","https://openalex.org/W1991220264","https://openalex.org/W2143512765","https://openalex.org/W2315087782","https://openalex.org/W2319863966","https://openalex.org/W2326039171","https://openalex.org/W4206476301","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6695744569"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2803492476","https://openalex.org/W3202681257","https://openalex.org/W159132833","https://openalex.org/W3157750723","https://openalex.org/W3129740226","https://openalex.org/W2736640810","https://openalex.org/W3162830429","https://openalex.org/W379339940","https://openalex.org/W2895599424","https://openalex.org/W3142034716"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
