{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4213168012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y","title":"Comparing standard, collaboration and fractional CNCI at the institutional level: Consequences for performance evaluation","display_name":"Comparing standard, collaboration and fractional CNCI at the institutional level: Consequences for performance evaluation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4213168012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148561398","display_name":"Scientometrics","issn_l":"0138-9130","issn":["0138-9130","1588-2861"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320108","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320108","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature (Netherlands)","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientometrics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074924345","display_name":"Ross W. K. Potter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1338-5910"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ross W. K. Potter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Scientific Information, Clarivate, 70 St Mary Axe, London, EC3A 8DE, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1338-5910","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Scientific Information, Clarivate, 70 St Mary Axe, London, EC3A 8DE, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024279638","display_name":"Martin Szomszor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0347-3527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095918","display_name":"Ta Solutions (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00y9w2r94","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095918"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Szomszor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electric Data Solutions LTD, London, WC2A 2JR, UK","Institute for Scientific Information, Clarivate, 70 St Mary Axe, London, EC3A 8DE, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0347-3527","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electric Data Solutions LTD, London, WC2A 2JR, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095918"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Scientific Information, Clarivate, 70 St Mary Axe, London, EC3A 8DE, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089205370","display_name":"Jonathan Adams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-4431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164213776","display_name":"King's College - North Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/022f44628","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164213776"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Adams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Scientific Information, Clarivate, 70 St Mary Axe, London, EC3A 8DE, UK","Policy Institute, King\u2019s College London, 22 Kingsway, London, WC2B 6LE, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-4431","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Scientific Information, Clarivate, 70 St Mary Axe, London, EC3A 8DE, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Policy Institute, King\u2019s College London, 22 Kingsway, London, WC2B 6LE, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753","https://openalex.org/I164213776"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074924345"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":1.4898,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83679764,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"127","issue":"12","first_page":"7435","last_page":"7448"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10102","display_name":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10102","display_name":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.9629999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13607","display_name":"Academic Publishing and Open Access","score":0.9239000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.7188889384269714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6546424627304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institution","display_name":"Institution","score":0.556303083896637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4718986451625824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citation","display_name":"Citation","score":0.4375334084033966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.41713955998420715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.21394824981689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.19426152110099792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.17614507675170898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.1760406196117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.15847823023796082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.7188889384269714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6546424627304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780510313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178706","display_name":"Institution","level":2,"score":0.556303083896637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4718986451625824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778805511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713","display_name":"Citation","level":2,"score":0.4375334084033966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.41713955998420715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.21394824981689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.19426152110099792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.17614507675170898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.1760406196117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.15847823023796082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148561398","display_name":"Scientometrics","issn_l":"0138-9130","issn":["0138-9130","1588-2861"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320108","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320108","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature (Netherlands)","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientometrics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:scient:v:127:y:2022:i:12:d:10.1007_s11192-022-04303-y","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11192-022-04303-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148561398","display_name":"Scientometrics","issn_l":"0138-9130","issn":["0138-9130","1588-2861"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320108","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320108","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature (Netherlands)","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientometrics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.5}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4213168012.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4213168012.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W767067438","https://openalex.org/W1602289140","https://openalex.org/W1806049801","https://openalex.org/W1949140393","https://openalex.org/W1967949260","https://openalex.org/W1999136415","https://openalex.org/W2011453004","https://openalex.org/W2021834881","https://openalex.org/W2065379420","https://openalex.org/W2069656088","https://openalex.org/W2082380540","https://openalex.org/W2137176107","https://openalex.org/W2167651468","https://openalex.org/W2769064688","https://openalex.org/W2789902038","https://openalex.org/W2913788248","https://openalex.org/W2929347650","https://openalex.org/W2970700668","https://openalex.org/W3016533114","https://openalex.org/W3041640521","https://openalex.org/W3043365850","https://openalex.org/W3080219561","https://openalex.org/W3110973853","https://openalex.org/W3127873595","https://openalex.org/W3174232082","https://openalex.org/W4255631865","https://openalex.org/W6684431310","https://openalex.org/W6840452790","https://openalex.org/W6903782817"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238897586","https://openalex.org/W435179959","https://openalex.org/W2619091065","https://openalex.org/W2059640416","https://openalex.org/W1490753184","https://openalex.org/W2284465472","https://openalex.org/W2291782699","https://openalex.org/W1993948687","https://openalex.org/W2011676020","https://openalex.org/W2329895846"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,159],"average":[2],"Category":[3],"Normalised":[4],"Citation":[5],"Impact":[6],"(CNCI)":[7],"of":[8,76,173,187],"an":[9,216],"institution\u2019s":[10],"publication":[11],"output":[12,130],"is":[13,41,114,118,131],"a":[14,71],"widely":[15],"used":[16,214],"indicator":[17,63],"for":[18,64,190,219],"research":[19],"performance":[20,222],"benchmarking.":[21],"However,":[22,175],"it":[23,40],"combines":[24],"all":[25],"entity":[26],"contributions,":[27],"obscuring":[28],"individual":[29,127],"inputs":[30],"and":[31,35,48,84,96,117,150,166,204,213,223],"preventing":[32],"clear":[33],"insight":[34],"sound":[36],"policy":[37,225],"recommendations":[38],"if":[39],"not":[42,178],"correctly":[43],"understood.":[44],"Here,":[45],"variations":[46],"(Fractional":[47],"Collaboration":[49],"[Collab]":[50],"CNCI)\u2014which":[51],"aim":[52],"to":[53,59,121],"address":[54],"the":[55,60,141,151,171,185],"obscurity":[56],"problem\u2014are":[57],"compared":[58],"Standard":[61,93,165],"CNCI":[62,86,168,202],"over":[65],"250":[66],"institutions,":[67],"spread":[68],"globally,":[69],"covering":[70],"ten-year":[72],"period":[73],"using":[74],"Web":[75],"Science":[77],"data.":[78],"Results":[79],"demonstrate":[80],"that":[81,163],"both":[82,164],"Fractional":[83,95,167],"Collab":[85,97],"methods":[87],"produce":[88],"lower":[89],"index":[90],"values":[91],"than":[92],"CNCI.":[94],"results":[98],"are":[99,196],"often":[100],"near-identical":[101],"despite":[102],"fundamentally":[103],"different":[104],"calculation":[105],"approaches.":[106],"Collab-CNCI,":[107],"however,":[108],"avoids":[109],"assigning":[110],"fractional":[111],"credit":[112],"(which":[113],"potentially":[115],"incorrect)":[116],"relatively":[119],"easy":[120],"implement.":[122],"As":[123],"single":[124,157,194],"metrics":[125],"obscure":[126],"inputs,":[128],"institutional":[129,221],"also":[132,161],"deconstructed":[133],"into":[134],"five":[135],"collaboration":[136,144,208],"groups.":[137],"These":[138],"groups":[139],"track":[140],"increasing":[142],"international":[143],"trend,":[145],"particularly":[146],"highly":[147],"multi-lateral":[148],"studies":[149],"decrease":[152],"in":[153],"publications":[154],"authored":[155],"by":[156,207],"institutions.":[158],"deconstruction":[160],"shows":[162],"increase":[169],"with":[170],"level":[172],"collaboration.":[174],"Collab-CNCI":[176],"does":[177],"necessarily":[179],"follow":[180],"this":[181],"pattern":[182],"thus":[183],"enabling":[184],"identification":[186],"institutions":[188],"where,":[189],"example,":[191],"their":[192,197],"domestic":[193],"articles":[195],"best":[198],"performing":[199],"group.":[200],"Comparing":[201],"variants":[203],"deconstructing":[205],"portfolios":[206],"type":[209],"is,":[210],"when":[211],"understood":[212],"correctly,":[215],"essential":[217],"tool":[218],"interpreting":[220],"informing":[224],"making.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}