{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386318590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11134-023-09887-7","title":"Proofs of conjectures on the competition between observable and unobservable servers","display_name":"Proofs of conjectures on the competition between observable and unobservable servers","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386318590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11134-023-09887-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11134-023-09887-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11134-023-09887-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148503350","display_name":"Queueing Systems","issn_l":"0257-0130","issn":["0257-0130","1572-9443"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Queueing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038281542","display_name":"Bara Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6342-2655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bara Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064447551","display_name":"Jeongsim Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5147-2441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163753206","display_name":"Chungbuk National University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wnxgj78","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163753206"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeongsim Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics Education, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics Education, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163753206"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076518538","display_name":"Yan Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3206-7301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, People\u2019s Republic of China","School of Management, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074172119","display_name":"Chia\u2010Li Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33096239","display_name":"National Dong Hwa University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mng9617","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33096239"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chia-Li Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974, Taiwan, ROC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974, Taiwan, ROC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33096239"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064447551"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163753206"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6396,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74395335,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"104","issue":"3-4","first_page":"211","last_page":"238"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11716","display_name":"Random Matrices and Applications","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unobservable","display_name":"Unobservable","score":0.9803895950317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observable","display_name":"Observable","score":0.738929808139801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queue","display_name":"Queue","score":0.7337977290153503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"Competition (biology)","score":0.6702272891998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.5696855187416077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5481307506561279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.468070387840271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.4568524956703186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4377087354660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.4217904508113861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4191795587539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.38262951374053955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.35778355598449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.279690146446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.16400861740112305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.15456020832061768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.07796245813369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07127782702445984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780695315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3799040","display_name":"Unobservable","level":2,"score":0.9803895950317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32848918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845789","display_name":"Observable","level":2,"score":0.738929808139801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160403385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220543","display_name":"Queue","level":2,"score":0.7337977290153503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6702272891998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.5696855187416077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5481307506561279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.468070387840271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4568524956703186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4377087354660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.4217904508113861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4191795587539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.38262951374053955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35778355598449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.279690146446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.16400861740112305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.15456020832061768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.07796245813369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07127782702445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11134-023-09887-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11134-023-09887-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148503350","display_name":"Queueing Systems","issn_l":"0257-0130","issn":["0257-0130","1572-9443"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Queueing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:queues:v:104:y:2023:i:3:d:10.1007_s11134-023-09887-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11134-023-09887-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4400754748","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST-109-2923-H-259-001-MY2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309618","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8380021947","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019K2A9A1A06102882, FY2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309618","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02b207r52"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521183774","https://openalex.org/W1980030032","https://openalex.org/W1988576875","https://openalex.org/W1990030839","https://openalex.org/W2050976221","https://openalex.org/W2062573385","https://openalex.org/W2119586348","https://openalex.org/W2154602821","https://openalex.org/W4294000861"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008534419","https://openalex.org/W2038153407","https://openalex.org/W2593867880","https://openalex.org/W4386318590","https://openalex.org/W3121597107","https://openalex.org/W3184275769","https://openalex.org/W3046468392","https://openalex.org/W1975096877","https://openalex.org/W2740943629","https://openalex.org/W3122984599"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}