{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1973674188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11080-006-9005-3","title":"Estimation of Potentially Unphysical Maps","display_name":"Estimation of Potentially Unphysical Maps","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1973674188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11080-006-9005-3","mag":"1973674188"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11080-006-9005-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11080-006-9005-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27332288","display_name":"Open Systems & Information Dynamics","issn_l":"1230-1612","issn":["1230-1612","1573-1324","1793-7191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Systems & Information Dynamics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052821225","display_name":"Martin Plesch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1437-0980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207624831","display_name":"Slovak Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7qq074","country_code":"SK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207624831"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Plesch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quniverse, L\u00ed\u0161\u010die \u00fadolie 116, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia","Research Center for Quantum Information, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quniverse, L\u00ed\u0161\u010die \u00fadolie 116, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Quantum Information, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207624831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075396926","display_name":"M\u00e1rio Ziman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4805-5890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207624831","display_name":"Slovak Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7qq074","country_code":"SK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207624831"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21449261","display_name":"Masaryk University","ror":"https://ror.org/02j46qs45","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21449261"]}],"countries":["CZ","SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M\u00e1rio Ziman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University, Botanick\u00e1 68a, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic","Research Center for Quantum Information, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University, Botanick\u00e1 68a, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21449261"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Quantum Information, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207624831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061320944","display_name":"Vladim\u00edr Bu\u017eek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4339-0745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207624831","display_name":"Slovak Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7qq074","country_code":"SK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207624831"]}],"countries":["DE","SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladim\u00edr Bu\u017eek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Abteilung f\u00fcr Quantenphysik, Universit\u00e4t Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany","Research Center for Quantum Information, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Abteilung f\u00fcr Quantenphysik, Universit\u00e4t Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Quantum Information, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207624831"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056066375","display_name":"Peter \u0160telmachovi\u010d","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207624831","display_name":"Slovak Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7qq074","country_code":"SK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207624831"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter \u0160telmachovi\u010d","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quniverse, L\u00ed\u0161\u010die \u00fadolie 116, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia","Research Center for Quantum Information, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quniverse, L\u00ed\u0161\u010die \u00fadolie 116, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Quantum Information, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207624831"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07997928,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"03","first_page":"255","last_page":"262"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11177","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.655180037021637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5672116875648499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-system","display_name":"Physical system","score":0.5044759511947632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","score":0.4935950040817261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.47860926389694214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.46967798471450806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.46741557121276855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4543326497077942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.44634270668029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.43111681938171387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-box","display_name":"Black box","score":0.4274711608886719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.42126139998435974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40904006361961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.23393666744232178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19418373703956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18634870648384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.13996779918670654}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.655180037021637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5672116875648499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116672817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1454986","display_name":"Physical system","level":2,"score":0.5044759511947632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4935950040817261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.47860926389694214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46967798471450806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.46741557121276855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4543326497077942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.44634270668029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.43111681938171387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94966114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29256","display_name":"Black box","level":2,"score":0.4274711608886719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.42126139998435974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40904006361961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.23393666744232178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19418373703956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18634870648384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.13996779918670654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11080-006-9005-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11080-006-9005-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27332288","display_name":"Open Systems & Information Dynamics","issn_l":"1230-1612","issn":["1230-1612","1573-1324","1793-7191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Systems & Information Dynamics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1631356911","https://openalex.org/W1965739563","https://openalex.org/W1965928854","https://openalex.org/W1988676098","https://openalex.org/W2006942144","https://openalex.org/W2011260430","https://openalex.org/W2013593988","https://openalex.org/W2053565514","https://openalex.org/W2056953191","https://openalex.org/W2079193281","https://openalex.org/W2098100401","https://openalex.org/W2130694885","https://openalex.org/W2136265395","https://openalex.org/W2764347725","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2047881532","https://openalex.org/W2285795935","https://openalex.org/W4389072557","https://openalex.org/W1975289146","https://openalex.org/W4319452366","https://openalex.org/W4293695278","https://openalex.org/W4386826952","https://openalex.org/W2727407240","https://openalex.org/W1603736412","https://openalex.org/W2105887828"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"standard":[1],"methods":[2],"of":[3,17,24,41,52,61,88,91,101,121,128,136,145],"process":[4],"(black-box)":[5],"estimation":[6],"are":[7,64,71],"applied":[8],"straightforwardly":[9],"then":[10],"it":[11],"may":[12],"happen":[13],"that":[14,63],"some":[15],"sets":[16],"experimental":[18],"data":[19],"result":[20,120],"in":[21,59],"unphysical":[22,93],"estimations":[23,60],"the":[25,30,39,68,83,102,105,111,119,126,129,133,137,146],"corresponding":[26,69],"channels":[27,62],"(maps)":[28],"describing":[29],"process.":[31],"To":[32,77],"prevent":[33],"this":[34,79],"problem,":[35],"one":[36],"can":[37,141],"use":[38,82],"method":[40],"maximum":[42],"likelihood":[43],"(MML),":[44],"which":[45],"provides":[46],"an":[47],"efficient":[48],"scheme":[49,56],"for":[50,85],"reconstruction":[51],"quantum":[53,106],"channels.":[54],"This":[55],"always":[57],"results":[58],"fully":[65],"physical,":[66],"e.g.":[67],"maps":[70],"linear,":[72],"positive":[73],"and":[74,110],"completely":[75],"positive.":[76],"show":[78],"property,":[80],"we":[81,97,123,140],"MML":[84,138],"a":[86],"derivation":[87],"physical":[89,99],"approximations":[90,100],"truly":[92],"operations.":[94],"In":[95],"particular,":[96],"analyze":[98],"universal-NOT":[103],"gate,":[104],"nonlinear":[107],"polarization":[108],"rotation":[109],"map":[112],"\u03c1":[113,115],"\u2192":[114],"2":[116],".":[117],"Given":[118],"MML,":[122],"examine":[124],"retrospectively":[125],"quality":[127],"experiment.":[130],"Depending":[131],"on":[132],"resulting":[134],"value":[135],"functional":[139],"determine":[142],"(physical)":[143],"consistency":[144],"input":[147],"data.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}