{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412176626","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11063-025-11774-6","title":"A Transformer-Based Hierarchical Hybrid Encoder Network for Semantic Segmentation","display_name":"A Transformer-Based Hierarchical Hybrid Encoder Network for Semantic Segmentation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412176626","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11063-025-11774-6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11063-025-11774-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11063-025-11774-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11063-025-11774-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140962798","display_name":"Neural Processing Letters","issn_l":"1370-4621","issn":["1370-4621","1573-773X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11063-025-11774-6.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008698127","display_name":"Shan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-6649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166499","display_name":"Henan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vr1c885","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, 2001 Century Avenue, 100190, Jiaozuo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, 2001 Century Avenue, 100190, Jiaozuo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101770351","display_name":"Xiaoliang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5468-5738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166499","display_name":"Henan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vr1c885","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, 2001 Century Avenue, 100190, Jiaozuo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, 2001 Century Avenue, 100190, Jiaozuo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068253647","display_name":"Kaiwen Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5164-3469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166499","display_name":"Henan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vr1c885","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaiwen Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, 2001 Century Avenue, 100190, Jiaozuo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, 2001 Century Avenue, 100190, Jiaozuo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101307458","display_name":"Yuan Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166499","display_name":"Henan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vr1c885","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, 2001 Century Avenue, 100190, Jiaozuo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, 2001 Century Avenue, 100190, Jiaozuo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008698127"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":4.8536,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95284111,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-intelligence","display_name":"Computational intelligence","score":0.6309345364570618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6084288954734802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5882478356361389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5777815580368042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.4945044219493866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4853140711784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4131067097187042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3581410348415375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.355960488319397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11185163259506226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.0729522705078125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139502532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122090","display_name":"Computational intelligence","level":2,"score":0.6309345364570618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6084288954734802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5882478356361389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5777815580368042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.4945044219493866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4853140711784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4131067097187042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3581410348415375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.355960488319397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11185163259506226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0729522705078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11063-025-11774-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11063-025-11774-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11063-025-11774-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140962798","display_name":"Neural Processing Letters","issn_l":"1370-4621","issn":["1370-4621","1573-773X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11063-025-11774-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11063-025-11774-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11063-025-11774-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140962798","display_name":"Neural Processing Letters","issn_l":"1370-4621","issn":["1370-4621","1573-773X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1522100992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61602157","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3011155338","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8642817995","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202102210167","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412176626.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412176626.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1923697677","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2549139847","https://openalex.org/W2563705555","https://openalex.org/W2630837129","https://openalex.org/W2895340641","https://openalex.org/W2955058313","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2963727650","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2982083293","https://openalex.org/W3040304705","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3097065222","https://openalex.org/W3109301572","https://openalex.org/W3137278571","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3177525997","https://openalex.org/W3211490618","https://openalex.org/W4214493665","https://openalex.org/W4286910290","https://openalex.org/W4312785900","https://openalex.org/W4321232185"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390516098","https://openalex.org/W2181948922","https://openalex.org/W2384362569","https://openalex.org/W2142795561","https://openalex.org/W4205302943","https://openalex.org/W2561132942","https://openalex.org/W3155418658","https://openalex.org/W4243199227","https://openalex.org/W2379948177","https://openalex.org/W2119949815"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,103],"the":[1,6,23,49,58,87,113,149,160,163,166,170,205,209,214],"field":[2,9],"of":[3,10,18,25,51,72,89,97,122,151,165,193,213],"semantic":[4,44,111,145,152],"segmentation,":[5],"limited":[7,52,60],"receptive":[8,61],"convolutional":[11,167],"neural":[12],"networks":[13],"leads":[14],"to":[15,47,105,158,195,202],"insufficient":[16],"extraction":[17,96],"global":[19,53,110,133,144],"features,":[20],"thereby":[21],"affecting":[22],"accuracy":[24,150,212],"network":[26],"segmentation.":[27,45],"To":[28],"address":[29],"this":[30,218],"issue,":[31],"a":[32,63,73,79,173],"Hierarchical":[33,64,74,80],"Hybrid":[34,65],"Encoder":[35,66,76,82],"Network":[36],"(HHEnet)":[37],"based":[38],"on":[39,183],"Transformers":[40],"is":[41,68,178],"proposed":[42,215],"for":[43,94],"Firstly,":[46],"solve":[48],"problem":[50],"feature":[54,124,128,134],"information":[55,142,146],"caused":[56],"by":[57],"network\u2019s":[59],"field,":[62],"(HHE)":[67],"introduced,":[69,119],"which":[70,120,138],"consists":[71],"Convolutional":[75],"(HCE)":[77],"and":[78,91,100,109,132,143,169,186,198],"Transformer":[81],"(HTE).":[83],"The":[84],"encoder":[85,168],"combines":[86],"advantages":[88],"convolution":[90],"transformers,":[92],"allowing":[93],"effective":[95],"both":[98],"shallow":[99],"deep":[101],"features.":[102],"order":[104],"further":[106],"enhance":[107],"spatial":[108,127,140],"information,":[112],"Feature":[114,174],"Enhancement":[115],"Module":[116,176],"(FEM)":[117],"was":[118],"consisted":[121],"two":[123],"enhancement":[125,129,135],"modules:":[126],"module":[130,136],"(SEM)":[131],"(GEM),":[137],"enhanced":[139],"detail":[141],"respectively.":[147,200],"Thus":[148],"segmentation":[153,211],"can":[154],"be":[155],"improved.":[156],"Finally,":[157],"alleviate":[159],"discrepancy":[161],"between":[162],"features":[164],"transformer":[171],"encoder,":[172],"Guidance":[175],"(FGM)":[177],"introduced.":[179],"Experimental":[180],"results":[181,207],"conducted":[182],"Cityscapes,":[184],"ADE20K":[185],"PASCAL":[187],"VOC2012":[188],"datasets":[189],"achieved":[190],"mIoU":[191],"scores":[192],"up":[194],"81.9%,":[196],"49.4%":[197],"79.1%,":[199],"Compared":[201],"state-of-the-art":[203],"networks,":[204],"research":[206],"confirm":[208],"higher":[210],"HHEnet":[216],"in":[217],"study.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}