{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2561162248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-016-9587-9","title":"Design of nucleic acid strands with long low-barrier folding pathways","display_name":"Design of nucleic acid strands with long low-barrier folding pathways","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2561162248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-016-9587-9","mag":"2561162248","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28690474"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11047-016-9587-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-016-9587-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11047-016-9587-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149828480","display_name":"Natural Computing","issn_l":"1567-7818","issn":["1567-7818","1572-9796"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11047-016-9587-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015034623","display_name":"Anne Condon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-1259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne Condon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","Department of Computer Science,  University of British Columbia,  Vancouver, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science,  University of British Columbia,  Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017741867","display_name":"Bonnie Kirkpatrick","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132939","display_name":"Dillon Consulting","ror":"https://ror.org/02zqqn969","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132939"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bonnie Kirkpatrick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intrepid Net Computing, Dillon, MT USA","Intrepid Net Computing, Dillon, MT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intrepid Net Computing, Dillon, MT USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132939"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intrepid Net Computing, Dillon, MT, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002286397","display_name":"J\u00e1n Ma\u0148uch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6937-249X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J\u00e1n Ma\u0148uch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","Department of Computer Science,  University of British Columbia,  Vancouver, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science,  University of British Columbia,  Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002286397"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00380495,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2","first_page":"261","last_page":"284"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10432","display_name":"DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10725","display_name":"RNA Interference and Gene Delivery","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleic-acid","display_name":"Nucleic acid","score":0.7762473225593567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/folding","display_name":"Folding (DSP implementation)","score":0.7594298124313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-of-computation","display_name":"Theory of computation","score":0.521609902381897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomolecule","display_name":"Biomolecule","score":0.5198546051979065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4749755263328552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.46036919951438904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.44412046670913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-system","display_name":"Biological system","score":0.4181930720806122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-folding","display_name":"Protein folding","score":0.41512343287467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.4145544171333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.3500943183898926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.2040404975414276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1845986247062683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemistry","display_name":"Biochemistry","score":0.09419754147529602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08325514197349548}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24107716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123619","display_name":"Nucleic acid","level":2,"score":0.7762473225593567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776545253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5464292","display_name":"Folding (DSP implementation)","level":2,"score":0.7594298124313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24858836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844718","display_name":"Theory of computation","level":2,"score":0.521609902381897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49853544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206229","display_name":"Biomolecule","level":2,"score":0.5198546051979065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4749755263328552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.46036919951438904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.44412046670913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.4181930720806122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204328495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847556","display_name":"Protein folding","level":2,"score":0.41512343287467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4145544171333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3500943183898926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2040404975414276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1845986247062683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.09419754147529602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08325514197349548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11047-016-9587-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-016-9587-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11047-016-9587-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149828480","display_name":"Natural Computing","issn_l":"1567-7818","issn":["1567-7818","1572-9796"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28690474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28690474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural computing","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5480305","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5480305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nat Comput","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11047-016-9587-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-016-9587-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11047-016-9587-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149828480","display_name":"Natural Computing","issn_l":"1567-7818","issn":["1567-7818","1572-9796"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321487","display_name":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2561162248.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2561162248.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W119925751","https://openalex.org/W189169192","https://openalex.org/W1561039880","https://openalex.org/W1570122994","https://openalex.org/W1617520624","https://openalex.org/W1724546534","https://openalex.org/W1799632286","https://openalex.org/W1842664382","https://openalex.org/W1899647483","https://openalex.org/W1964928696","https://openalex.org/W1977815530","https://openalex.org/W1977940795","https://openalex.org/W1986292487","https://openalex.org/W1995612793","https://openalex.org/W2013284377","https://openalex.org/W2023537137","https://openalex.org/W2024734101","https://openalex.org/W2027817227","https://openalex.org/W2042332384","https://openalex.org/W2049446075","https://openalex.org/W2073112694","https://openalex.org/W2073936141","https://openalex.org/W2075031385","https://openalex.org/W2092541496","https://openalex.org/W2096883982","https://openalex.org/W2102699655","https://openalex.org/W2104453796","https://openalex.org/W2105030281","https://openalex.org/W2118564824","https://openalex.org/W2122944508","https://openalex.org/W2133035852","https://openalex.org/W2135373808","https://openalex.org/W2148339059","https://openalex.org/W2155871507","https://openalex.org/W2186876778","https://openalex.org/W4211070391"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2260493136","https://openalex.org/W2113188411","https://openalex.org/W4210423528","https://openalex.org/W2976965029","https://openalex.org/W2939859775","https://openalex.org/W2055827177","https://openalex.org/W2023600921","https://openalex.org/W2382178265","https://openalex.org/W2072666835","https://openalex.org/W4248706500"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"major":[1],"goal":[2],"of":[3,25,55,83,124],"natural":[4,67],"computing":[5,68],"is":[6,118],"to":[7,19,31,37,91],"design":[8,23],"biomolecules,":[9],"such":[10],"as":[11],"nucleic":[12,26],"acid":[13],"sequences,":[14],"that":[15,28,50,66,117,123],"can":[16,69],"be":[17],"used":[18],"perform":[20],"computations.":[21,75],"We":[22],"sequences":[24,42],"acids":[27],"are":[29,61],"\"guaranteed\"":[30],"have":[32,113],"long":[33,72,136],"folding":[34,48,59,87,111],"pathways":[35,49,60,112],"relative":[36],"their":[38],"length.":[39],"This":[40],"particular":[41],"with":[43,89,100],"high":[44],"probability":[45],"follow":[46],"low-barrier":[47,86,126],"visit":[51],"a":[52,92,134],"large":[53],"number":[54],"distinct":[56],"structures.":[57],"Long":[58],"interesting,":[62],"because":[63],"they":[64],"demonstrate":[65],"potentially":[70],"support":[71],"and":[73,133],"complex":[74],"Formally,":[76],"we":[77],"provide":[78],"the":[79,101,125],"first":[80],"scalable":[81],"designs":[82],"molecules":[84],"whose":[85],"pathways,":[88],"respect":[90],"simple,":[93],"stacked":[94],"pair":[95],"energy":[96,115],"model,":[97],"grow":[98],"superlinearly":[99],"molecule":[102],"length,":[103],"but":[104],"for":[105,128],"which":[106],"all":[107],"significantly":[108],"shorter":[109],"alternative":[110],"an":[114],"barrier":[116],"[Formula:":[119,130],"see":[120,131],"text]":[121,132],"times":[122],"pathway":[127],"any":[129],"sufficiently":[135],"sequence.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T17:40:00.097472","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
