{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2047321503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-009-9160-x","title":"Computing with energy and chemical reactions","display_name":"Computing with energy and chemical reactions","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2047321503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-009-9160-x","mag":"2047321503"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11047-009-9160-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-009-9160-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149828480","display_name":"Natural Computing","issn_l":"1567-7818","issn":["1567-7818","1572-9796"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083297323","display_name":"Alberto Leporati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8105-4371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Leporati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano \u2013 Bicocca, Viale Sarca 336, 20126, Milano, Italy","Dipartimento di Informatica Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano --- Bicocca, Milano, Italy 20126#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano \u2013 Bicocca, Viale Sarca 336, 20126, Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano --- Bicocca, Milano, Italy 20126#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072712347","display_name":"Daniela Besozzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5532-3059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniela Besozzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Comelico 39, 20135, Milano, Italy","Dipartimento di Informatica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy 20135#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Comelico 39, 20135, Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy 20135#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013723473","display_name":"Paolo Cazzaniga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7780-0434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Cazzaniga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano \u2013 Bicocca, Viale Sarca 336, 20126, Milano, Italy","Dipartimento di Informatica Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano --- Bicocca, Milano, Italy 20126#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano \u2013 Bicocca, Viale Sarca 336, 20126, Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano --- Bicocca, Milano, Italy 20126#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065568541","display_name":"Dario Pescini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3090-4823"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dario Pescini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano \u2013 Bicocca, Viale Sarca 336, 20126, Milano, Italy","Dipartimento di Informatica Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano --- Bicocca, Milano, Italy 20126#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano \u2013 Bicocca, Viale Sarca 336, 20126, Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano --- Bicocca, Milano, Italy 20126#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082801012","display_name":"Claudio Ferretti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9582-5045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Ferretti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano \u2013 Bicocca, Viale Sarca 336, 20126, Milano, Italy","Dipartimento di Informatica Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano --- Bicocca, Milano, Italy 20126#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano \u2013 Bicocca, Viale Sarca 336, 20126, Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano --- Bicocca, Milano, Italy 20126#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083297323"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943","https://openalex.org/I66752286"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5037,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63933786,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"493","last_page":"512"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13182","display_name":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-of-computation","display_name":"Theory of computation","score":0.7853279113769531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turing-machine","display_name":"Turing machine","score":0.7350190877914429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6956291198730469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-computing","display_name":"Membrane computing","score":0.6785120964050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turing","display_name":"Turing","score":0.6641402840614319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-energy","display_name":"Chemical energy","score":0.6640328168869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.6393304467201233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.5317444205284119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-transformation","display_name":"Energy transformation","score":0.524181067943573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4831935465335846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unconventional-computing","display_name":"Unconventional computing","score":0.4616507291793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-reaction","display_name":"Chemical reaction","score":0.4234817922115326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.4222950041294098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.2671658992767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.23326259851455688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.2144855260848999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1579749882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10595682263374329}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24858836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844718","display_name":"Theory of computation","level":2,"score":0.7853279113769531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29248071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163310","display_name":"Turing machine","level":3,"score":0.7350190877914429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6956291198730469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96011364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6815122","display_name":"Membrane computing","level":2,"score":0.6785120964050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9870796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490481","display_name":"Turing","level":2,"score":0.6641402840614319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22547674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582668","display_name":"Chemical energy","level":2,"score":0.6640328168869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.6393304467201233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5317444205284119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144822601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11271324","display_name":"Energy transformation","level":2,"score":0.524181067943573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4831935465335846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23375383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176499","display_name":"Unconventional computing","level":2,"score":0.4616507291793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177801218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36534","display_name":"Chemical reaction","level":2,"score":0.4234817922115326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.4222950041294098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2671658992767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.23326259851455688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2144855260848999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1579749882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10595682263374329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11047-009-9160-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-009-9160-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149828480","display_name":"Natural Computing","issn_l":"1567-7818","issn":["1567-7818","1572-9796"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aisberg.unibg.it:10446/109132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10446/109132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196347","display_name":"Aisberg (University of Bergamo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11039511","host_organization_name":"University of Bergamo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11039511"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:boa.unimib.it:10281/21525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10281/21525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401259","display_name":"BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","host_organization_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1543753098","https://openalex.org/W1579324649","https://openalex.org/W1601030839","https://openalex.org/W1772753304","https://openalex.org/W1863371903","https://openalex.org/W1994188141","https://openalex.org/W2011432832","https://openalex.org/W2029818103","https://openalex.org/W2068967633","https://openalex.org/W2082282155","https://openalex.org/W2091674379","https://openalex.org/W2101143120","https://openalex.org/W2105259569","https://openalex.org/W2106001218","https://openalex.org/W2113997157","https://openalex.org/W2155418451","https://openalex.org/W2158708642","https://openalex.org/W2167154952","https://openalex.org/W2198005739","https://openalex.org/W2402709285","https://openalex.org/W2489351977","https://openalex.org/W2911468226","https://openalex.org/W2912120411","https://openalex.org/W2912318510","https://openalex.org/W4231932287","https://openalex.org/W4233798822","https://openalex.org/W4251109627","https://openalex.org/W4253060067"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084545956","https://openalex.org/W2315893506","https://openalex.org/W1501119231","https://openalex.org/W2119244842","https://openalex.org/W2228956747","https://openalex.org/W4285436350","https://openalex.org/W2085484366","https://openalex.org/W2090113742","https://openalex.org/W4324016496","https://openalex.org/W2047321503"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}