{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400994805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-024-19873-7","title":"Gender classification based on handwriting using Gurmukhi characters and hybrid feature extraction techniques","display_name":"Gender classification based on handwriting using Gurmukhi characters and hybrid feature extraction techniques","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400994805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-024-19873-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11042-024-19873-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-024-19873-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110206669","display_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","issn_l":"1380-7501","issn":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027727795","display_name":"Chinu Singla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4221-4907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79161377","display_name":"Punjabi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xdn8y92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79161377"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chinu Singla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Punjabi University Patiala, Patiala, Punjab, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Punjabi University Patiala, Patiala, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79161377"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005847782","display_name":"Raman Maini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0223-1622"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79161377","display_name":"Punjabi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xdn8y92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79161377"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raman Maini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Punjabi University Patiala, Patiala, Punjab, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Punjabi University Patiala, Patiala, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79161377"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068329957","display_name":"Munish Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5532-9976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136518","display_name":"Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k7qz240","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136518"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Munish Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computational Sciences, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computational Sciences, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136518"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068329957"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136518"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4822,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62789704,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"84","issue":"19","first_page":"20823","last_page":"20841"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9696000218391418,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9621000289916992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8383433818817139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.7536215782165527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6815609931945801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6164734363555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6129159927368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6102443337440491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.6076292991638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptron","display_name":"Perceptron","score":0.5808392763137817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5568752288818359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3206642270088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.27647894620895386}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8383433818817139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.7536215782165527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6815609931945801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6164734363555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6129159927368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6102443337440491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.6076292991638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690207","display_name":"Perceptron","level":3,"score":0.5808392763137817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5568752288818359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3206642270088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.27647894620895386}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11042-024-19873-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-024-19873-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110206669","display_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","issn_l":"1380-7501","issn":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157052753","https://openalex.org/W1588293387","https://openalex.org/W1646564613","https://openalex.org/W2011324028","https://openalex.org/W2039269157","https://openalex.org/W2055719412","https://openalex.org/W2069688955","https://openalex.org/W2079605091","https://openalex.org/W2083711338","https://openalex.org/W2134427976","https://openalex.org/W2152914237","https://openalex.org/W2170737087","https://openalex.org/W2423726326","https://openalex.org/W2559854880","https://openalex.org/W2571974013","https://openalex.org/W2578824337","https://openalex.org/W2614239970","https://openalex.org/W2776567990","https://openalex.org/W2777786982","https://openalex.org/W2783072791","https://openalex.org/W2790253618","https://openalex.org/W2793700148","https://openalex.org/W2803717384","https://openalex.org/W2891224871","https://openalex.org/W2952064966","https://openalex.org/W3092344991","https://openalex.org/W3120200865","https://openalex.org/W3140740790","https://openalex.org/W3152986941","https://openalex.org/W3217430695","https://openalex.org/W4206274462"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2388180914","https://openalex.org/W2063708026","https://openalex.org/W2507888814","https://openalex.org/W3118925046","https://openalex.org/W2381764175","https://openalex.org/W2561540377","https://openalex.org/W2360066868","https://openalex.org/W3084909207","https://openalex.org/W1694630026","https://openalex.org/W2889302474"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-20T07:46:08.049788","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
