{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4286668690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-13474-y","title":"Application of eye-tracking systems integrated into immersive virtual reality and possible transfer to the sports sector - A systematic review","display_name":"Application of eye-tracking systems integrated into immersive virtual reality and possible transfer to the sports sector - A systematic review","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4286668690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-13474-y"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11042-022-13474-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-13474-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11042-022-13474-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110206669","display_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","issn_l":"1380-7501","issn":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11042-022-13474-y.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023671999","display_name":"Stefan Pastel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3662-2683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Pastel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sports Engineering and Movement Science, Institute III: Sports Science, Otto-Von-Guericke- University, Magdeburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3662-2683","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sports Engineering and Movement Science, Institute III: Sports Science, Otto-Von-Guericke- University, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061114620","display_name":"Josua Marlok","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josua Marlok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sports Engineering and Movement Science, Institute III: Sports Science, Otto-Von-Guericke- University, Magdeburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sports Engineering and Movement Science, Institute III: Sports Science, Otto-Von-Guericke- University, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065408773","display_name":"Nicole Bandow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4082-6125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicole Bandow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sports Engineering and Movement Science, Institute III: Sports Science, Otto-Von-Guericke- University, Magdeburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sports Engineering and Movement Science, Institute III: Sports Science, Otto-Von-Guericke- University, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056197675","display_name":"Kerstin Witte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8711-9335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kerstin Witte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sports Engineering and Movement Science, Institute III: Sports Science, Otto-Von-Guericke- University, Magdeburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sports Engineering and Movement Science, Institute III: Sports Science, Otto-Von-Guericke- University, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023671999"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5098,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9403674,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"82","issue":"3","first_page":"4181","last_page":"4208"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8084062933921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.7900798916816711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.6604669094085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6245639324188232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.5596089959144592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.5462940335273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presentation","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","score":0.5105913281440735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.4890812039375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.4797574281692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.4058566391468048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16705605387687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10215559601783752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.10099256038665771}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8084062933921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.7900798916816711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.6604669094085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6245639324188232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5596089959144592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.5462940335273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.5105913281440735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.4890812039375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.4797574281692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.4058566391468048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16705605387687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10215559601783752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.10099256038665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11042-022-13474-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-13474-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11042-022-13474-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110206669","display_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","issn_l":"1380-7501","issn":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11042-022-13474-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-13474-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11042-022-13474-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110206669","display_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","issn_l":"1380-7501","issn":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G957934314","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"WI 1456/22-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4286668690.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4286668690.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":94,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967242439","https://openalex.org/W1999127676","https://openalex.org/W2008462697","https://openalex.org/W2016957819","https://openalex.org/W2017051648","https://openalex.org/W2017137524","https://openalex.org/W2017721429","https://openalex.org/W2036973513","https://openalex.org/W2068339503","https://openalex.org/W2080069842","https://openalex.org/W2083499647","https://openalex.org/W2097166998","https://openalex.org/W2100335798","https://openalex.org/W2101168325","https://openalex.org/W2104783373","https://openalex.org/W2114404847","https://openalex.org/W2119486501","https://openalex.org/W2121979339","https://openalex.org/W2123767457","https://openalex.org/W2140313855","https://openalex.org/W2148564471","https://openalex.org/W2148920334","https://openalex.org/W2209633527","https://openalex.org/W2312068578","https://openalex.org/W2394842791","https://openalex.org/W2487701022","https://openalex.org/W2500522727","https://openalex.org/W2547130544","https://openalex.org/W2548715913","https://openalex.org/W2551546500","https://openalex.org/W2561270043","https://openalex.org/W2563198233","https://openalex.org/W2567445045","https://openalex.org/W2623181870","https://openalex.org/W2735137643","https://openalex.org/W2738492125","https://openalex.org/W2759603325","https://openalex.org/W2766692443","https://openalex.org/W2771935013","https://openalex.org/W2776909509","https://openalex.org/W2810084975","https://openalex.org/W2810491376","https://openalex.org/W2811467847","https://openalex.org/W2883784786","https://openalex.org/W2889332504","https://openalex.org/W2889411115","https://openalex.org/W2889743320","https://openalex.org/W2901616108","https://openalex.org/W2903378723","https://openalex.org/W2908914554","https://openalex.org/W2919197262","https://openalex.org/W2942319215","https://openalex.org/W2953430552","https://openalex.org/W2964824852","https://openalex.org/W2965731227","https://openalex.org/W2974700838","https://openalex.org/W2979393009","https://openalex.org/W2997152647","https://openalex.org/W3006209278","https://openalex.org/W3009900694","https://openalex.org/W3013623946","https://openalex.org/W3017848771","https://openalex.org/W3021670584","https://openalex.org/W3025244083","https://openalex.org/W3025606376","https://openalex.org/W3028219535","https://openalex.org/W3033158908","https://openalex.org/W3033766742","https://openalex.org/W3041790443","https://openalex.org/W3043857699","https://openalex.org/W3047660829","https://openalex.org/W3080078178","https://openalex.org/W3081456496","https://openalex.org/W3081662541","https://openalex.org/W3081821660","https://openalex.org/W3083339585","https://openalex.org/W3084714571","https://openalex.org/W3087612718","https://openalex.org/W3087666022","https://openalex.org/W3087755656","https://openalex.org/W3088082296","https://openalex.org/W3098707620","https://openalex.org/W3101652247","https://openalex.org/W3116310404","https://openalex.org/W3120983730","https://openalex.org/W3124386031","https://openalex.org/W3143281788","https://openalex.org/W3160049074","https://openalex.org/W3162497927","https://openalex.org/W3162826106","https://openalex.org/W3162947752","https://openalex.org/W4221079567","https://openalex.org/W4240500435","https://openalex.org/W4248017591"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2429057255","https://openalex.org/W2187546663","https://openalex.org/W1601072116","https://openalex.org/W2088296826","https://openalex.org/W2964665664","https://openalex.org/W4388773178","https://openalex.org/W2535695755","https://openalex.org/W3023159342","https://openalex.org/W1967753606","https://openalex.org/W4312256162"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"recent":[2],"years,":[3],"Virtual":[4],"Reality":[5],"(VR)":[6],"has":[7],"become":[8],"a":[9,42,129],"valuable":[10],"tool":[11],"in":[12,56,90,96,160,176,191],"rehabilitation":[13],"and":[14,26,54,60,106,158,171,178,205],"sports":[15,115,126,153],"training":[16,65,212],"applications.":[17],"New":[18],"technologies":[19],"offer":[20],"opportunities":[21],"to":[22,48,151,198,226,237],"combine":[23],"various":[24],"systems":[25,141,233],"use":[27],"them":[28],"for":[29,67,93,109,240],"sports-related":[30,97],"scientific":[31],"purposes.":[32],"For":[33],"instance,":[34],"examining":[35],"the":[36,50,78,111,139,144,152,161,166,186,220,227,230],"visual":[37,58,70,206],"perception":[38,207],"of":[39,80,101,188,229],"athletes":[40],"within":[41,128,209],"standardized":[43,130],"environment":[44,163],"could":[45,61],"be":[46,149,195,238],"helpful":[47],"understand":[49],"differences":[51],"between":[52],"novices":[53],"experts":[55],"their":[57],"behavior":[59,124],"further":[62,94,196],"reveal":[63],"possible":[64,102],"applications":[66],"enhancing":[68],"athletes\u2019":[69],"attention.":[71],"The":[72,155,214],"current":[73],"systematic":[74],"literature":[75,183],"review":[76,184],"thematizes":[77],"importance":[79],"eye-tracking":[81],"(ET)":[82],"systems\u2019":[83],"usage":[84],"integrated":[85,142,231],"into":[86,143],"head-mounted":[87],"displays":[88],"(HMDs)":[89],"virtual":[91,131,162],"environments":[92],"inclusion":[95],"usage.":[98],"An":[99],"overview":[100],"implementations":[103],"is":[104],"given,":[105],"additional":[107],"recommendations":[108],"using":[110,138,177],"combined":[112,167],"technic":[113],"regarding":[114],"are":[116,223],"made.":[117],"Although":[118],"only":[119],"one":[120],"study":[121],"examined":[122],"gaze":[123,180],"during":[125],"activity":[127],"environment,":[132],"38":[133],"relevant":[134],"papers":[135],"were":[136,169,174],"identified":[137],"ET":[140,190,232],"HMDs,":[145],"which":[146,193],"ideas":[147],"can":[148,194],"transferred":[150],"sector.":[154],"increased":[156],"usability":[157],"fidelity":[159],"enabled":[164],"through":[165],"technology":[168],"illustrated,":[170],"different":[172],"approaches":[173],"listed":[175],"calculating":[179],"parameters.":[181],"This":[182],"examines":[185],"possibility":[187],"integrating":[189],"VR,":[192],"used":[197],"improve":[199],"usability,":[200],"interaction":[201],"methods,":[202],"image":[203],"presentation,":[204],"analyses":[208],"future":[210],"physical":[211],"scenarios.":[213],"compiled":[215],"studies":[216],"have":[217],"shown":[218],"that":[219],"existing":[221],"methods":[222],"feasible":[224],"due":[225],"performance":[228],"but":[234],"still":[235],"need":[236],"improved":[239],"practical":[241],"use.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-16T08:24:45.110214","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}